使用氯化钙溶液加固淤泥质黏土的电渗试验研究
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摘要
采用自制电渗试验装置,针对武汉市淤泥质黏土进行电渗试验,探讨阳极处添加质量分数分别为0、5%、10%、15%氯化钙溶液对电渗加固效果的影响.通过监测电渗过程中各试验组电流和排水量随时间的变化,测定电渗前后土体的含水率、抗剪强度、孔隙比和微观结构变化,综合评价不同条件下土体的电渗固结效果.试验结果表明:在阳极添加氯化钙溶液可以缩短电渗固结时间,显著提高电渗法加固淤泥质黏土的效果,使土体微观结构变得更加致密,增强土体的抗剪强度;通过添加氯化钙溶液,阴极附近土体抗剪强度最大提高368.6%;氯化钙溶液浓度对电渗加固效果影响存在一个限值,本次试验为10%左右,超出该限值后,浓度的影响很小;氯化钙溶液的加入会加重电极腐蚀.
A series of laboratory experiments were performed in a customized apparatus to investigate the effect of using electroosmosis and calcium chloride with percentages of 0,5%,10% and 15% on reinforcing Wuhan silt clay. During the process of electrochemical treatment,the temporal evolution of electric current and drainage were monitored periodically. Also,the differences in moisture content,soil shear strength and microstructure before and after treatment were studied to assess the synchronous effect of electroosmosis and calcium chloride solution. The following conclusions can be drawn:injecting calcium chloride solution into anodic reservoir can significantly improve the efficiency of electroosmosis by shorting consolidation time and compacting soil microstructure,thus strengthening the properties of silt clay. Further,with injecting calcium chloride solution,the shear strength of cathodic soil increased by approximately 368.6%. However,there is a threshold value exists in the reinforcement effect,and the positive influence on reinforcing silt clay was negligible once the concentration of calcium chloride exceed 10%. Adding calcium chloride solution would induce severe electrode corrosion,simultaneously.
A series of laboratory experiments were performed in a customized apparatus to investigate the effect of using electroosmosis and calcium chloride with percentages of 0,5%,10% and 15% on reinforcing Wuhan silt clay. During the process of electrochemical treatment,the temporal evolution of electric current and drainage were monitored periodically. Also,the differences in moisture content,soil shear strength and microstructure before and after treatment were studied to assess the synchronous effect of electroosmosis and calcium chloride solution. The following conclusions can be drawn:injecting calcium chloride solution into anodic reservoir can significantly improve the efficiency of electroosmosis by shorting consolidation time and compacting soil microstructure,thus strengthening the properties of silt clay. Further,with injecting calcium chloride solution,the shear strength of cathodic soil increased by approximately 368.6%. However,there is a threshold value exists in the reinforcement effect,and the positive influence on reinforcing silt clay was negligible once the concentration of calcium chloride exceed 10%. Adding calcium chloride solution would induce severe electrode corrosion,simultaneously.
引文
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[2] 邱晨辰,沈扬,励彦德,等.EKG电极真空-电渗处理软黏土室内试验研究 [J].岩土工程学报,2017,39(S1):251- 255.QIU Chen-chen,SHEN Yang,LI Yan-de,et al.Laboratory tests on soft clay using electroosmosis in combination with vacuum preloading [J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2017,39(S1):251- 255.
[3] LIU Han-long,CUI Yun-liang,SHEN Yang.A new me-thod of combination of electroosmosis:vacuum and surcharge preloading for soft ground improvement [J].China Ocean Engineering,2014,28(4):511- 528.
[4] 邵旭.真空预压加固港口软土地基的机理研究 [J].港工技术,2015,52(1):84- 87.SHAO Xu.Mechanism study of port soft base reinforced by vacuum preloading [J].Port Engineering Technology,2015,52(1):84- 87.
[5] 许航,王康,崔建峰.真空电渗技术对水厂污泥脱水过程中铝去除的试验 [J].净水技术,2017,36(11):45- 49.XU Hang,WANG Kang,CUI Jianfeng.Experiment of aluminum removal in sludge dewatering process of WTP by vacuum electro-osmosis technology [J].Water Purification Technology,2017,36(11):45- 49.
[6] 付冠杰,范明桥,李杰,等.软土地基堆载吹填淤泥并同步真空预压加固技术 [J].水利水电科技进展,2014,34(6):82- 88.FU Guanjie,FAN Mingqiao,LI Jie,et al.A synchronous vacuum preloading technique for treating soft ground and its overlying hydraulic surcharge fills [J].Advances in Science and Technology of Water Resources,2014,34(6):82- 88.
[7] IWATA M,TANAKA T,JAMI M S.Application of electroosmosis for sludge dewatering—a review [J].Drying Technology,2013,31(2),170- 184.
[8] 李瑛,龚晓南.软黏土地基电渗加固的设计方法研究 [J].岩土工程学报,2011,33(6):955- 959.LI Ying,GONG Xiaonan.Design method of electro-osmosis reinforcement for soft clay foundations [J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2011,33(6):955- 959.
[9] XUE Zhijia,TANG Xiaowei,YANG Qing,et al.Comparison of electro-osmosis experiments on marine sludge with different electrode materials [J].Drying Technology,2015,33(8):986- 995.
[10] 陈卓,周建,温晓贵,等.电极反转对电渗加固效果的试验研究 [J].浙江大学学院(工学版),2013,47(9):1579- 1584.CHEN Zhuo,ZHOU Jian,WEN Xiao-gui,et al.Experimental research on effect of polarity reversal to electro-osmotic [J].Journal of Zhejiang University(Engineering Science),2013,47(9):1579- 1584.
[11] ZHANG Heng,ZHOU Guoxiang,WU Junliang,et al.Mecha-nism for soil reinforcement by electroosmosis in the presence of calcium chloride [J].Chemical Engineering Communications,2017,204(4):424- 433.
[12] SUN Z,GAO M,YU X.Vacuum preloading combined with electro-osmotic dewatering of dredger fill using electric vertical drains [J].Drying Technology,2015,33(7):847- 853.
[13] SUN Z,GAO M,YU X.Dewatering effect of vacuum preloading incorporated with electro-osmosis in different ways [J].Drying Technology,2017,35(1):38- 45.
[14] 王宁伟,柴高炯,刘根,等.氯化钙电化学加固软土的试验研究 [J].工程勘察,2017,45(1):23- 27.WANG Ningwei,CHAI Gaojiong,LIU Gen,et al.Experimental study on electrochemical treatment for soft soil by calcium chloride [J].Geotechnical Investigation & Surveying,2017,45(1):23- 27.
[15] 冯清鹏,卜凡波,彭义,等.电极处加入CaCl2溶液对高岭土电渗试验的影响 [J].长江科学院院报,2017,34(8):90- 95.FENG Qing-peng,BU Fan-bo,PENG Yi,et al.Influences of CaCl2 solution added to electrodes on the electroosmotic test of kaolin clay [J].Journal of Yangtze River Scientific Research Institute,2017,34(8):90- 95.
[16] CHIEN S C,TENG F C,OU C Y.Soil improvement of electroosmosis with the chemical treatment using the suitable operation process [J].Acta Geotechnica,2015,10(6):813- 820.
[17] ZHANG H,ZHOU G,ZHONG J,et al.Effect of nanomaterials and electrode configuration on soil consolidation by electroosmosis:experimental and modeling studies [J].Rsc Advances,2017,7(20):12103- 12112.
[18] PENG J,YE H,ALSHAWABKEHl A N.Soil improvement by electroosmotic grouting of saline solutions with vacuum drainage at the cathode [J].Applied Clay Science,2015,114:53- 60.
[19] OTSUKI N,YODSUDJAI W,NISHIDA T.Feasibility study on soil improvement using electrochemical technique [J].Construction & Building Materials,2007,21(5):1046- 1051.
[20] 王柳江,刘斯宏,朱豪,等.电极布置形式对电渗加固软土效果的影响研究 [J].河海大学学报(自然科学版),2013,41(1):64- 69.WANG Liujiang,LIU Sihong,ZHU Hao,et al.Experimental study of effects of electrode configuration on electroosmosis reinforcement for soft soil [J].Journal of Hohai University(Natural Science),2013,41(1):64- 69.