基于背板的双面数控渐进成形方法
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摘要
为了解决双面数控渐进成形中板材件无支撑悬空区域存在变形的问题,提出一种背板辅助的双面数控渐进成形方法。该方法以背板对板材的支撑作用,抑制板材件非成形区的非理想变形,进而提高成形质量。研究了面向复杂板材件基于背板的双面数控渐进成形策略和对于一个给定待成形板材件标准模板库模型自动生成所需背板计算机辅助设计模型的算法。该算法根据板材件类型的不同,通过提取待成形板材件标准模板库模型的特征轮廓,采用顶点偏置方法生成出背板计算机辅助设计模型,并采用数值模拟和实际成形实验对所提背板辅助双面数控渐进成形方法进行了验证和评估。有限元分析和实验结果表明,双面数控渐进成形中背板的使用能够有效提高成形件的成形质量,具有可行性和可应用性。
Aiming at the problem of sheet parts deformation in unsupported suspension area of double sided Computer Numerical Control(CNC)incremental forming,a forming method of backing plate assisted double sided CNC incremental forming was proposed.The backing plate was used to support and restrain the non-ideal deformation of sheet's non-forming area,thereby improving the forming quality.The double sided CNC incremental forming strategy based on the backing plate for complex sheet parts,and the algorithm to automatically generate the required backplane CAD model for a given STL model were discussed.The STL model contour of the to-be-formed sheet parts according to their different types were extracted by the algorithm,and the backing plate CAD model was generated by vertex bias method.In addition,numerical simulation and actual forming experiments were used to validate and evaluate the proposed backing plate aided double sided CNC incremental forming method.Finite element analysis and experimental results showed that the use of backing plate in double sided CNC incremental forming could effectively improve the forming quality of formed sheet parts,which was feasible and applicable.
Aiming at the problem of sheet parts deformation in unsupported suspension area of double sided Computer Numerical Control(CNC)incremental forming,a forming method of backing plate assisted double sided CNC incremental forming was proposed.The backing plate was used to support and restrain the non-ideal deformation of sheet's non-forming area,thereby improving the forming quality.The double sided CNC incremental forming strategy based on the backing plate for complex sheet parts,and the algorithm to automatically generate the required backplane CAD model for a given STL model were discussed.The STL model contour of the to-be-formed sheet parts according to their different types were extracted by the algorithm,and the backing plate CAD model was generated by vertex bias method.In addition,numerical simulation and actual forming experiments were used to validate and evaluate the proposed backing plate aided double sided CNC incremental forming method.Finite element analysis and experimental results showed that the use of backing plate in double sided CNC incremental forming could effectively improve the forming quality of formed sheet parts,which was feasible and applicable.
引文
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[15]ZHU Hu,XIAO Dongxuan.Automatic generation of the support with vent for CNC incremental negative forming[J].Computer Integrated Manufacturing Systems,2018,24(4):926-933(in Chinese).[朱虎,肖冬选.带有通气孔的数控渐进反向成形支撑自动生成[J].计算机集成制造系统,2018,24(4):926-933.]
[2]AMBROGIO G,COZZA V,FILICE L.An analytical model for improving precision in single point incremental forming[J].Journal of Materials Processing Technology,2007,191(1/2/3):92-95.
[3]ZHU Hu,JING Xueyong,YANG Xiaoguang.Tool path generation for integrated process of CNC incremental forming and laser cutting for sheet metal part[J].Computer Integrated Manufacturing Systems,2016,22(9):2145-2152(in Chinese).[朱虎,井学勇,杨晓光.数控渐进成形与激光切割集成的板材件加工轨迹生成[J].计算机集成制造系统,2016,22(9):2145-2152.]
[4]JESWIET J,MICARI F,HIRT G,et al.Asymmetric single point incremental forming of sheet metal[J].CIRP AnnalsManufacturing Technology,2005,54(2):88-114.
[5]LINGAM R,PRAKASH O,BELK J H,et al.Automatic feature recognition and tool path strategies for enhancing accuracy in double sided incremental forming[J].International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology,2017,88(5):1639-1655.
[6]LINGAM R,SRIVASTAVA A,REDDY N V.Deflection compensations for tool path to enhance accuracy during double sided incremental forming[J].Journal of Manufacturing Science&Engineering,2016,138(9):091008-1-091008-11.
[7]LU B,CHEN J,OU H,et al.Feature-based tool path generation approach for incremental sheet forming process[J].Journal of Materials Processing Technology,2013,213(7):1221-1233.
[8]ZHU Hu,ZHANG Xindi,MA Shaohua,et al.Influence of support dies on forming precision in CNC incremental negative forming[J].Forging&Stamping Technology,2016,41(7):1-6(in Chinese).[朱虎,张新迪,马少华,等.数控渐进反向成形中支撑模对成形精度的影响[J].锻压技术,2016,41(7):1-6.]
[9]SCHAFER T,SCHRAFT R D.Incremental sheet metal forming by industrial robots[J].Rapid Prototyping Journal,2005,11(5):278-286.
[10]MALHOTRA R,CAO J,REN F,et al.Improvement of geometric accuracy in incremental forming by using a squeezing toolpath strategy with two forming tools[J].Journal of Manufacturing Science&Engineering,2011,133(6):061019-1-061019-10.
[11]ESSA K,HARTLEY P.An assessment of various process strategies for improving precision in single point incremental forming[J].International Journal of Material Forming,2011,4(4):401-412.
[12]ZHU Hu,ZHANG Xindi,BAI Jinlan,et al.Study on CNCincremental forming for double convex sheet metal part[J].Forging&Stamping Technology,2016,41(5):14-19(in Chinese).[朱虎,张新迪,白金兰,等.双凸板材件的数控渐进成形研究[J].锻压技术,2016,41(5):14-19.]
[13]WANG Y,HUANG Y,CAO J,et al.Experimental study on a new method of double side incremental forming[C]//Proceedings of the ASME International Manufacturing Science and Engineering Conference.New York,N.Y.,USA:ASME,2008:601-607.
[14]ZHENG Shuxian,LI Jia.Cranioplasty reconstruction method based on triangular meshes[J].Journal of Tianjin University,2009,42(2):118-122(in Chinese).[郑淑贤,李佳.基于三角网格曲面的颅骨修补片重构方法[J].天津大学学报,2009,42(2):118-122.]
[15]ZHU Hu,XIAO Dongxuan.Automatic generation of the support with vent for CNC incremental negative forming[J].Computer Integrated Manufacturing Systems,2018,24(4):926-933(in Chinese).[朱虎,肖冬选.带有通气孔的数控渐进反向成形支撑自动生成[J].计算机集成制造系统,2018,24(4):926-933.]