滇西集中连片特困地区县域贫困的时空演变特征及形成机制
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摘要
为全面了解集中连片特困地区县域贫困的演变特征与形成机制,运用探索性空间数据分析方法分析了滇西边境山区56个国家级贫困县贫困程度的时空差异和演变特征,并采用空间面板计量方法获取了影响因素。结果显示:(1)县域贫困程度在空间上显著正相关,且关联性逐年增强;县域贫困程度的空间差异逐年减小。(2)研究区域呈现出中部以低高、高低为主,四周以低低、高高为主的空间集聚分布,贫困程度的空间异质性显著。(3)空间相邻地区贫困程度减轻1个单位,能促使本地区贫困程度减轻0. 9397个单位。(4)人均GDP、固定资产投资、城市化水平对贫困程度的减轻有正向影响,第二产业比重、第三产业比重、公路网密度、旅游收入对贫困程度的减轻有负向影响。
In order to explore the evolution characteristics and mechanism of contiguous destitute areas,ESDA method was used to analyze spatial and temporal differences and evolution characteristics of poverty degree of 56 state poverty counties in West Yunnan border mountainous area. Then,spatial panel data model was built to explore the factors. The results showed that:(1) Poverty degree on county level showed a significant positive correlation in space,and the correlation was increasingly enhanced. The spatial difference of county poverty degree decreased year-by-year.(2)The study area showed spatial agglomeration distribution of low-high,high-low area in the central place and low-low,high-high area around the surrounding,and the spatial heterogeneity of poverty degree was very remarkable.(3)When poverty level in the adjacent areas reduced 1 degree,the poverty level in the region could be reduced by 0. 9397 degree.(4)GDP per capita,investment and urbanization had positive effect on poverty reduction,while second and third industry proportion,highway network density and tourism income had negative influence on poverty reduction.
In order to explore the evolution characteristics and mechanism of contiguous destitute areas,ESDA method was used to analyze spatial and temporal differences and evolution characteristics of poverty degree of 56 state poverty counties in West Yunnan border mountainous area. Then,spatial panel data model was built to explore the factors. The results showed that:(1) Poverty degree on county level showed a significant positive correlation in space,and the correlation was increasingly enhanced. The spatial difference of county poverty degree decreased year-by-year.(2)The study area showed spatial agglomeration distribution of low-high,high-low area in the central place and low-low,high-high area around the surrounding,and the spatial heterogeneity of poverty degree was very remarkable.(3)When poverty level in the adjacent areas reduced 1 degree,the poverty level in the region could be reduced by 0. 9397 degree.(4)GDP per capita,investment and urbanization had positive effect on poverty reduction,while second and third industry proportion,highway network density and tourism income had negative influence on poverty reduction.
引文
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[2]叶初升,王红霞.多维贫困及其度量研究的最新进展:问题和方法[J].湖北经济学院学报,2010,8(6)∶17-23.
[3]陈烨烽,王艳慧,王小林.中国贫困村测度与空间分布特征分析[J].地理研究,2016,35(12)∶2298-2308.
[4]王艳慧,钱乐毅,段福洲.县级多维贫困度量及其空间分布格局研究——以连片特困区扶贫重点县为例[J].地理科学,2013,33(12)∶1489-1497.
[5]朱磊,胡静,许贤棠,等.中国旅游扶贫地空间分布格局及成因[J].中国人口·资源与环境,2016,26(11)∶130-138.
[6]彭红碧.中国农村贫困现状及影响因素[J].安徽农业科学,2010,38(1)∶399-401.
[7]李文静,帅传敏,帅钰,等.三峡库区移民贫困致因的精准识别与减贫路径的实证研究[J].中国人口·资源与环境,2017,27(6)∶136-144.
[8]曹小曙,任慧子,黄晓燕.经济发达地区乡村贫困的地方特征及其影响因素分析——以广东省连州市为例[J].地域研究与开发,2014,33(1)∶34-40.
[9]刘彦随,周扬,刘继来.中国农村贫困化地域分异特征及其精准扶贫策略[J].中国科学院院刊,2016,31(3)∶269-278.
[10]罗庆,樊新生,高更和,等.秦巴山区贫困村的空间分布特征及其影响因素[J].经济地理,2016,36(4)∶126-132.
[11]刘艳华,徐勇.中国农村多维贫困地理识别及类型划分[J].地理学报,2015,70(6)∶993-1007.
[12]ALKIRE S,Foster J. Counting and Multidimensional Poverty Measurement[J]. Journal of Public Economics,2007,95(7)∶476-487.
[13]王晓玲.基于空间滞后模型的区域经济发展影响因素分析[J].山西大同大学学报(自然科学版),2013,29(1)∶6-9.
[14]康晓光.中国贫困与反贫困理论[M].南宁:广西人民出版社,1995.
[15]郭鲁芳,李如友.旅游减贫效应的门槛特征分析及实证检验——基于中国省际面板数据的研究[J].商业经济与管理,2016(6)∶81-91.