主动除冰雪路面融雪化冰特性及路用性能研究综述
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摘要
为了进一步推进路面主动除冰雪技术的发展,综述了国内外路面主动融雪化冰方法的研究进展。首先,介绍了不同类型路面主动除冰雪技术的融雪化冰机理,并基于此将主动除冰雪路面划分为自应力弹性铺装路面、低冰点路面和能量转化型路面3类;然后,分别对3类主动除冰雪路面的路用性能及融雪化冰特性进行了梳理,在路用性能方面主要包括沥青混凝土路面高温性能、低温性能、水稳定性、黏附性能和耐久性等,以及水泥混凝土路面抗拉、压性能等,而在融雪化冰特性方面主要包括路面抗摩擦性能、冰-路界面黏结性能、破冰性能、融雪速率、适用温度范围及长期稳定性等;进而归纳了材料组成、结构类型、外界环境及系统运行条件等对主动除冰雪路面工作性能的影响规律;此外,为了便于主动融雪化冰路面技术选型,从融雪化冰效果、经济成本及节能环保等方面对比分析了不同路面主动除冰雪技术的优缺点;最后建议路面主动除冰雪系统应与冰雪灾害评估系统及冰雪预警系统相结合。
The research progress of active deicing and pavement snow melting technologies at home and abroad was summarized to understand the scope of improvement. First, the deicing and snow melting mechanisms of pavement were reviewed, and based on the mechanism, the pavements were categorized as self-stress flexible pavement, low freezing point pavement, and energy conversion pavement. Second, the pavement performance and snow melting characteristics of different pavements were analyzed. The pavement performance depends on the properties of both the asphalt and cement concrete pavements. Important aspects of the asphalt pavement include high-and low-temperature properties, water stability, adhesion properties, and durability. The tensile and compressive properties of cement concrete pavement are important as well. The snow melting characteristics include anti-friction performance of the pavement, bonding between snow layer and pavement surface, deicing performance, snow melting rate, applicable temperature, and long-term stability. The effects of material, structure, environment, and heating parameters on the working performance of active deicing and pavement snow melting were also analyzed in detail. For pavement selection, the advantages of different active deicing technologies were compared based on the snow melting effects, economic cost, energy saving, and environmental protection. Finally, it was proposed that the active deicing and snow melting systems be combined with the snow disaster-assessment system and early snow warning system.
The research progress of active deicing and pavement snow melting technologies at home and abroad was summarized to understand the scope of improvement. First, the deicing and snow melting mechanisms of pavement were reviewed, and based on the mechanism, the pavements were categorized as self-stress flexible pavement, low freezing point pavement, and energy conversion pavement. Second, the pavement performance and snow melting characteristics of different pavements were analyzed. The pavement performance depends on the properties of both the asphalt and cement concrete pavements. Important aspects of the asphalt pavement include high-and low-temperature properties, water stability, adhesion properties, and durability. The tensile and compressive properties of cement concrete pavement are important as well. The snow melting characteristics include anti-friction performance of the pavement, bonding between snow layer and pavement surface, deicing performance, snow melting rate, applicable temperature, and long-term stability. The effects of material, structure, environment, and heating parameters on the working performance of active deicing and pavement snow melting were also analyzed in detail. For pavement selection, the advantages of different active deicing technologies were compared based on the snow melting effects, economic cost, energy saving, and environmental protection. Finally, it was proposed that the active deicing and snow melting systems be combined with the snow disaster-assessment system and early snow warning system.
引文
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