海派徐氏儿科治疗小儿肺炎喘嗽治法治则的文献研究
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摘要
目的运用文献研究的方法,总结海派中医徐氏儿科治疗小儿肺炎喘嗽治则治法的学术思想及沿革。方法通过计算机检索各数据库建库至2018年12月的徐氏儿科治疗小儿肺炎喘嗽的相关文献,按照纳入与排除标准进行筛选,对文献治法治则类型及学术思想进行总结分析。结果共纳入80篇中文文献,文献类型中学术经验类(44篇)多于临床及基础研究等类,分为清法类(25篇)、温清并举(22篇)和温法类(15篇);学术经验中辛凉宣肺法与清热化痰法出现最多,余次序为温阳解表、温肺化饮、温清并举等,共温法类37次,清法类25次,温清并举8次,其他类6次;临床研究中运用辛凉宣肺法治疗病例863人,多于清肺化痰法535人、祛瘀化痰法330人等。结论辛凉宣肺、清肺化痰等清法为徐氏儿科治疗肺炎喘嗽的常法,温法为徐氏儿科治疗该病的学术特色,包括温阳解表、温肺化饮、温阳开窍救逆等法,后辈相继提出了食疗平补、祛风解表、解毒化瘀通腑、清肺通络等治法治则,未来可从基础实验角度对治法治则做进一步研究。
Objective To summarize the academic thoughts and the evolution of Shanghai Xu's pediatrics in the treatment of childhood pneumonia by way of literature research.Methods The literatures on Shanghai Xu's pediatrics in the treatment of childhood pneumonia were searched by computer in the databases from the inception to December 2018. According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, these literatures were screened, and those about treatment principles and academic thoughts were summarized and analyzed.Results A total of 80 literatures were included, among which 44 were about academic experience, more than those about clinical and basic researches, and the literatures were classified into 3 types: clear method(25), combination of clearing and warming method(22) and warming method(15). In the literatures about academic experience, the method of clearing lung and reducing phlegm appeared often, followed by the method of warming Yang to relieve heat, warming lung to reduce watery phlegm, and the combination of warming and clearing. In total, the warming method appeared 37 times, clearing method 25, combination 8, and others 6. Clinically a total of 863 patients were treated by clearing lung with cooling drugs, more than the method of clearing lung to reduce phlegm and removing stasis(535) to reduce phlegm(330).Conclusion The clearing methods of clearing lung with cooling drugs and clearing lung to reduce phlegm are often used in Xu's pediatrics in the treatment of childhood pneumonia. The warming method is its academic features, including warming Yang to relieve heat, warming lung to reduce watery phlegm and warming Yang to induce resuscitation. The people of following generation have also established the treatment principles of food therapy, expelling the pathogenic wind, relieving heat and clearing lung. In the future, the treatment principles can be further studied on the basis of basic experiments.
Objective To summarize the academic thoughts and the evolution of Shanghai Xu's pediatrics in the treatment of childhood pneumonia by way of literature research.Methods The literatures on Shanghai Xu's pediatrics in the treatment of childhood pneumonia were searched by computer in the databases from the inception to December 2018. According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, these literatures were screened, and those about treatment principles and academic thoughts were summarized and analyzed.Results A total of 80 literatures were included, among which 44 were about academic experience, more than those about clinical and basic researches, and the literatures were classified into 3 types: clear method(25), combination of clearing and warming method(22) and warming method(15). In the literatures about academic experience, the method of clearing lung and reducing phlegm appeared often, followed by the method of warming Yang to relieve heat, warming lung to reduce watery phlegm, and the combination of warming and clearing. In total, the warming method appeared 37 times, clearing method 25, combination 8, and others 6. Clinically a total of 863 patients were treated by clearing lung with cooling drugs, more than the method of clearing lung to reduce phlegm and removing stasis(535) to reduce phlegm(330).Conclusion The clearing methods of clearing lung with cooling drugs and clearing lung to reduce phlegm are often used in Xu's pediatrics in the treatment of childhood pneumonia. The warming method is its academic features, including warming Yang to relieve heat, warming lung to reduce watery phlegm and warming Yang to induce resuscitation. The people of following generation have also established the treatment principles of food therapy, expelling the pathogenic wind, relieving heat and clearing lung. In the future, the treatment principles can be further studied on the basis of basic experiments.
引文
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[20] 姜之炎,肖臻,马晶,等.徐小圃温阳学术思想及其在儿科临证中的应用[J].上海中医药杂志,2017,51(9):40-42.
[21] 肖臻,马晶,姜之炎.徐小圃、徐仲才治疗小儿肺系疾病精粹[J].中国中医基础医学杂志,2014,20(1):81-82.
[22] 汪受传.江育仁治疗小儿重症肺炎经验[J].中医杂志,1993,34(4):206-208.
[23] 王忆勤,马秋元.浅述儿科医家朱瑞群的学术观[J].上海中医药大学上海市中医药研究院学报,1997,11(2):20-22.
[24] 王昕泰,徐珊,戴启刚,等.汪受传“伏风理论”防治小儿病毒性肺炎的意义[J].中医杂志,2016,57(15):1275-1277.
[25] 谭丹,姜之炎.中医药治疗儿童肺炎支原体肺炎的机制研究进展[J].中华中医药学刊,2018,36(6):1403-1406.
[26] 刘璇,马融.马融治疗小儿重症支原体肺炎经验[J].湖南中医杂志,2014,30(7):30-31.
[27] 张美菁,陈汉江,马融.马融运用下法治疗儿科疾病举隅[J].湖南中医杂志,2016,32(1):96-98.
[28] 姜之炎,肖臻,姜永红,等.清肺通络法治疗小儿支原体肺炎的临床疗效评价[J].上海中医药大学学报,2016,30(5):17-21.
[29] 林燕,姜之炎.清肺通络法治疗小儿支原体肺炎[J].山东中医杂志,2016,35(9):784-787.
[30] 张婧延,姜之炎.姜之炎运用通络法治疗儿童支原体肺炎经验[J].上海中医药杂志,2016,50(7):26-27.
[31] 曹建伟,郑铠军,冯淑芳,等.小儿肺炎支原体肺炎临床特征及病情程度的相关因素[J].分子影像学杂志,2018,41(3):388-391.
[32] 张天嵩,吴银根.通补肺络法治疗肺纤维化理论探讨[J].中医杂志,2002,43(11):808-810.
[33] 姜永红,虞坚尔,姜之炎.从“肺络”探讨小儿支原体肺炎的防治[J].天津中医药,2012,29(1):52-53.
[2] 陈沛沛,季伟苹.“海派中医”特征及上海中药老字号[J].中医药文化,2007,2(6):27-29.
[3] 胡亚美,江载芳.诸福棠实用儿科学[M].7版.北京:人民卫生出版社,2002:1179.
[4] 汪受传,虞坚尔.中医儿科学[M].3版.北京:中国中医药出版社出版,2012:85.
[5] 姜永红,姜之炎,虞坚尔.清肺通络方对MPP小鼠Th17细胞信号途径调控作用的研究[J].世界中西医结合杂志,2013,8(10):994-996.
[6] 姜永红,姜之炎,叶飞,等.清肺通络方对小儿支原体肺炎细胞因子的干预及疗效观察[J].天津中医药,2011,28(4):288-290.
[7] 王雪峰,董丹,梁茂新,等.基于数据挖掘技术建立的儿童肺炎中医辨证规范量表的信度和效度研究[J].中国循证儿科杂志,2010,5(1):15-24.
[8] 汪受传,俞景茂.中医儿科临床研究[M].北京:人民卫生出版社,2009:167.
[9] 王雪峰,王加亮,董丹,等.基于小儿肺炎文献的中医证型分布规律研究[J].辽宁中医杂志,2008,51(9):1309-1311.
[10] 姜宏军,徐蓉娟.徐小圃、徐仲才伤寒学术思想述要[J].上海中医药杂志,2012,46(1):1-3.
[11] 李晓,姜之炎.徐小圃“温清法”治疗常见小儿肺系疾病经验初探[J].光明中医,2014,29(12):2522-2523.
[12] 徐蓉娟,葛芳芳,姜宏军.徐小圃、徐仲才应用附子经验[J].上海中医药杂志,2012,46(3):63-64.
[13] 汪受传.儿科温阳学派的起源与现代应用[J].中医儿科杂志,2008,4(2):10-16.
[14] 刘毛,陈宇清,邵瑛.邵瑛教授治疗小儿抗生素相关性腹泻的临床经验[J].中医药导报,2018,24(11):52-53.
[15] 杨颖,徐荣谦.刘弼臣教授中医儿科“调肺学派”探源[J].中华中医药杂志,2012,27(10):2576-2578.
[16] 崔霞,王素梅.王素梅教授应用温热药治疗儿科疾病的经验[J].北京中医药大学学报(中医临床版),2005,12(6):33-34.
[17] 徐蓉娟,葛芳芳,姜宏军.徐小圃、徐仲才“温阳九法”探析(一)[J].上海中医药杂志,2012,46(4):1-4.
[18] 张新光,薛征,白莉,等.徐氏六味小青龙汤治疗痰饮郁肺型小儿肺炎的临床观察[J].世界科学技术-中医药现代化,2017,19(11):1886-1890.
[19] 李晓,姜之炎.六味小青龙汤治疗痰饮郁肺型小儿咳喘临床举隅[J].中国中西医结合儿科学,2014,6(5):409-410.
[20] 姜之炎,肖臻,马晶,等.徐小圃温阳学术思想及其在儿科临证中的应用[J].上海中医药杂志,2017,51(9):40-42.
[21] 肖臻,马晶,姜之炎.徐小圃、徐仲才治疗小儿肺系疾病精粹[J].中国中医基础医学杂志,2014,20(1):81-82.
[22] 汪受传.江育仁治疗小儿重症肺炎经验[J].中医杂志,1993,34(4):206-208.
[23] 王忆勤,马秋元.浅述儿科医家朱瑞群的学术观[J].上海中医药大学上海市中医药研究院学报,1997,11(2):20-22.
[24] 王昕泰,徐珊,戴启刚,等.汪受传“伏风理论”防治小儿病毒性肺炎的意义[J].中医杂志,2016,57(15):1275-1277.
[25] 谭丹,姜之炎.中医药治疗儿童肺炎支原体肺炎的机制研究进展[J].中华中医药学刊,2018,36(6):1403-1406.
[26] 刘璇,马融.马融治疗小儿重症支原体肺炎经验[J].湖南中医杂志,2014,30(7):30-31.
[27] 张美菁,陈汉江,马融.马融运用下法治疗儿科疾病举隅[J].湖南中医杂志,2016,32(1):96-98.
[28] 姜之炎,肖臻,姜永红,等.清肺通络法治疗小儿支原体肺炎的临床疗效评价[J].上海中医药大学学报,2016,30(5):17-21.
[29] 林燕,姜之炎.清肺通络法治疗小儿支原体肺炎[J].山东中医杂志,2016,35(9):784-787.
[30] 张婧延,姜之炎.姜之炎运用通络法治疗儿童支原体肺炎经验[J].上海中医药杂志,2016,50(7):26-27.
[31] 曹建伟,郑铠军,冯淑芳,等.小儿肺炎支原体肺炎临床特征及病情程度的相关因素[J].分子影像学杂志,2018,41(3):388-391.
[32] 张天嵩,吴银根.通补肺络法治疗肺纤维化理论探讨[J].中医杂志,2002,43(11):808-810.
[33] 姜永红,虞坚尔,姜之炎.从“肺络”探讨小儿支原体肺炎的防治[J].天津中医药,2012,29(1):52-53.
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