地方本科院校转型对学生发展的影响及其机制分析——基于多层模型的分析
|
摘要
研究基于北京大学教育经济研究所2016年"全国地方本科院校人才培养与就业调查"数据,采用多层模型对地方本科院校转型对学生发展的影响机制进行分析。结果显示,对于新建本科院校,院校层影响学生发展非常有限,专业层发挥主要作用。转型试点院校在课程设置、教学行为和实践教学上有明显改变,但转型试点对学生发展的影响主要是通过专业层的课程设置、教学行为和实践教学以及学生个体层的学生参与和综合实习来实现的;转型试点院校可增强学生参与对学生能力素质的影响,并通过实习指导和实习考评来促进就业状况的改善。本研究还发现转型试点院校并没有形成"标签效应",转型试点对学生发展的增进作用在许多方面是通过减弱相关因素的负效应达成的。
Based on the national local undergraduate universities graduates' survey data in 2016, this study makes an empirical analysis about the influence mechanism of undergraduate universities transformation pilot work on student development by using multi-layer model. The results show that t the influence of college level on students' development is very limited, while the major level plays an important role. There are obvious changes in curriculum setting, teaching behavior and practice teaching between pilot universities with non-pilot universities. The influence of the transformation on student development is generated mainly through the process of talent cultivation. Transformation can significantly strengthen the positive influence of student engagement on students' capability and quality development, and promote the improvement of employment status through integrated internship.
Based on the national local undergraduate universities graduates' survey data in 2016, this study makes an empirical analysis about the influence mechanism of undergraduate universities transformation pilot work on student development by using multi-layer model. The results show that t the influence of college level on students' development is very limited, while the major level plays an important role. There are obvious changes in curriculum setting, teaching behavior and practice teaching between pilot universities with non-pilot universities. The influence of the transformation on student development is generated mainly through the process of talent cultivation. Transformation can significantly strengthen the positive influence of student engagement on students' capability and quality development, and promote the improvement of employment status through integrated internship.
引文
[1]新华网.高校转型关键是调整专业设置核心是人才培养模式[EB/OL].http://www.xinhuanet.com/politics/2016lh/2016-03/10/c_135175480.htm.
[2]国务院新闻办公室网站.教育部举行4月例行发布会[EB/OL].http://www.scio.gov.cn/xwfbh/gbwxwfbh/xwfbh/jyb/Document/1628510/1628510.htm,2018-04-27.
[3]郭建如.地方本科高校转型发展中的核心问题探析[J].黄河科技大学学报,2017,19(1):1-11.
[4]Cohen J D,et al.Statistical Power Analysis for the Behavioral Science[J].Journal of the American Statistical Association,1988,84(334):19-74.
[5]温福星.阶层线性模型的原理与应用[M].北京:中国轻工业出版社,2009.285-286.
[6]Astin A W.Achieving Educational Excellence[J].Priorities&Practices in Higher Education,1985,182(1):1-12.
[7]郭建如,邓峰.高职教育培养模式变革、就业市场变化与毕业生就业概率分析[J].高等教育研究,2013,(10):57-63.
[8]杨素红,杨钋.应届本专科毕业生起薪的院校差异研究---基于分层线性模型的分析[J].复旦教育论坛,2014,12(2):67-75.
(1)能力素质量表中各题项为对学生能力素质的陈述,其选项为“很不同意”、“较不同意”、“较同意”、“很同意”,取值分别为1、2、3、4。
(2)本研究对综合实习个体层面数据进行了聚合转化后发现检验效果均不佳,这既说明综合实习更多地属于学生个体层变量,也从侧面印证了采用Rwg和ICC检验对专业类层面的课程设置、教师教学行为和实践教学进行组内一致性和组间差异性检验的必要性。
(3)国际社会经济指数,选取父母职业中更高的一个。
(4)考虑到不少学校将毕业实习和综合实习这两者结合在一起,本文不单独区分毕业实习和综合实习,在这里统一称为“综合实习”。
[2]国务院新闻办公室网站.教育部举行4月例行发布会[EB/OL].http://www.scio.gov.cn/xwfbh/gbwxwfbh/xwfbh/jyb/Document/1628510/1628510.htm,2018-04-27.
[3]郭建如.地方本科高校转型发展中的核心问题探析[J].黄河科技大学学报,2017,19(1):1-11.
[4]Cohen J D,et al.Statistical Power Analysis for the Behavioral Science[J].Journal of the American Statistical Association,1988,84(334):19-74.
[5]温福星.阶层线性模型的原理与应用[M].北京:中国轻工业出版社,2009.285-286.
[6]Astin A W.Achieving Educational Excellence[J].Priorities&Practices in Higher Education,1985,182(1):1-12.
[7]郭建如,邓峰.高职教育培养模式变革、就业市场变化与毕业生就业概率分析[J].高等教育研究,2013,(10):57-63.
[8]杨素红,杨钋.应届本专科毕业生起薪的院校差异研究---基于分层线性模型的分析[J].复旦教育论坛,2014,12(2):67-75.
(1)能力素质量表中各题项为对学生能力素质的陈述,其选项为“很不同意”、“较不同意”、“较同意”、“很同意”,取值分别为1、2、3、4。
(2)本研究对综合实习个体层面数据进行了聚合转化后发现检验效果均不佳,这既说明综合实习更多地属于学生个体层变量,也从侧面印证了采用Rwg和ICC检验对专业类层面的课程设置、教师教学行为和实践教学进行组内一致性和组间差异性检验的必要性。
(3)国际社会经济指数,选取父母职业中更高的一个。
(4)考虑到不少学校将毕业实习和综合实习这两者结合在一起,本文不单独区分毕业实习和综合实习,在这里统一称为“综合实习”。