新能源并网功率智能控制系统的设计与应用
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摘要
分析了当前新能源并网功率控制中仍存在的问题,介绍了新能源并网功率智能控制系统的功能设计与控制策略。提出新能源电站灵敏度在线计算方法。首先,根据新能源电站并网网络确定状态估计等效设备,再基于电网实时运行方式计算等效设备的灵敏度并转换为新能源电站灵敏度,据此确定参与断面控制的场站/机组及其功率调整量,解决了复杂断面结构下的风火协调控制问题。新能源参与调峰控制时,跟踪火电机组负备用并考虑机组调节速率,同时实时监视区域控制偏差,一旦出现异常则及时调整正在执行的指令,保障自动发电控制考核指标满足要求;综合新能源电站的发电能力、装机容量及电网接纳空间确定控制序列并动态更新,在最大化利用接纳空间的同时实现资源优先与兼顾公平的站间控制。结合山西电网实例,证明了系统在保障电网安全稳定运行、提升新能源消纳及促进新能源电站公平调度方面的有效性。
Several existing problems in current power control of renewable energy are analyzed and the functional design and strategy of the intelligent control system for grid-connected power of renewable energy is introduced.The online sensitivity calculation method of the renewable energy station is proposed.Firstly,equivalent device in the state estimation system is confirmed according to grid-connected network of renewable energy power station.Based on real-time operation mode of the grid,the sensitivity of the equivalent device is calculated and then converted into the sensitivity of renewable energy station.The station/unit participating in the section control and the quantity of adjusted power is determined,and the problem of windcoal coordinating control under the complex network structure is solved.When the renewable energy participates in peak regulation by tracking the negative spare capacity considering the regulation rate of thermal power unit and the area control error,the executed instructions would be adjusted in time once an exception occurs to ensure that automatic generation control(AGC)assessment indicators could meet the requirements.According to the power generation capacity,installed capacity and grid receiving space of the integrated renewable energy power station,the control sequence is determined and updated dynamically.The strategy can realize resource priority and fairness control among renewable energy stations and ensure the maximized consumption of renewable energy power.The operation result in Shanxi power grid shows that the intelligent control system can guarantee effectiveness of ensuring safe and stable operation of power grids,improving new energy consumption and promoting fair dispatch of new energy power stations.
Several existing problems in current power control of renewable energy are analyzed and the functional design and strategy of the intelligent control system for grid-connected power of renewable energy is introduced.The online sensitivity calculation method of the renewable energy station is proposed.Firstly,equivalent device in the state estimation system is confirmed according to grid-connected network of renewable energy power station.Based on real-time operation mode of the grid,the sensitivity of the equivalent device is calculated and then converted into the sensitivity of renewable energy station.The station/unit participating in the section control and the quantity of adjusted power is determined,and the problem of windcoal coordinating control under the complex network structure is solved.When the renewable energy participates in peak regulation by tracking the negative spare capacity considering the regulation rate of thermal power unit and the area control error,the executed instructions would be adjusted in time once an exception occurs to ensure that automatic generation control(AGC)assessment indicators could meet the requirements.According to the power generation capacity,installed capacity and grid receiving space of the integrated renewable energy power station,the control sequence is determined and updated dynamically.The strategy can realize resource priority and fairness control among renewable energy stations and ensure the maximized consumption of renewable energy power.The operation result in Shanxi power grid shows that the intelligent control system can guarantee effectiveness of ensuring safe and stable operation of power grids,improving new energy consumption and promoting fair dispatch of new energy power stations.
引文
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[23]高宗和,陈刚,杨军峰,等.特高压互联电网联络线功率控制:(一)AGC控制策略[J].电力系统自动化,2009,33(15):51-55.GAO Zonghe,CHEN Gang,YANG Junfeng,et al.Active power control for tie-lines in UHV interconnected power grid:Part one AGC control strategies[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2009,33(15):51-55.
[24]高宗和,陈刚,滕贤亮,等.特高压互联电网联络线功率控制:(二)AGC性能评价[J].电力系统自动化,2009,33(16):61-64.GAO Zonghe,CHEN Gang,TENG Xianliang,et al.Active power control for tie-lines in UHV interconnected power grid:Part two AGC performance assessment[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2009,33(16):61-64.
[25]朱燕芳,郭翠华,荀保平.特高压运行对山西电网联络线潮流控制的影响[J].山西电力,2011(3):1-4.ZHU Yanfang,GUO Cuihua,XUN Baoping.The influence of ultra-high voltage operation on tie-line power flow of Shanxi power grid[J].Shanxi Electric Power,2011(3):1-4.
[26]王彬,孙勇,吴文传,等.应用于高风电渗透率电网的风电调度实时控制方法与实现[J].电力系统自动化,2015,39(21):23-29.DOI:10.7500/AEPS20141031016.WANG Bin,SUN Yong,WU Wenchuan,et al.A real-time wind power control method for power systems with high wind power penetration and its implementation[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2015,39(21):23-29.DOI:10.7500/AEPS20141031016.
[2]陈国平,李明节,许涛,等.我国电网支撑可再生能源发展的实践与挑战[J].电网技术,2017,41(10):3095-3103.CHEN Guoping,LI Mingjie,XU Tao,et al.Practice and challenge of renewable energy development based on interconnected power grids[J].Power System Technology,2017,41(10):3095-3103.
[3]康重庆,姚良忠.高比例可再生能源电力系统的关键科学问题与理论研究框架[J].电力系统自动化,2017,41(9):2-11.DOI:10.7500/AEPS20170120004.KANG Chongqing,YAO Liangzhong.Key scientific issues and theoretical research framework for power systems with high proportion of renewable energy[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2017,41(9):2-11.DOI:10.7500/AEPS20170120004.
[4]BANAKAR H,LUO C,OOI B T.Impacts of wind power minute-to-minute variations on power system operation[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Systems,2008,23(1):150-160.
[5]舒印彪,张智刚,郭剑波,等.新能源消纳关键因素分析及解决措施研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2017,37(1):1-8.SHU Yinbiao,ZHANG Zhigang,GUO Jianbo,et al.Study on key factors and solution of renewable energy accommodation[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2017,37(1):1-8.
[6]周强,汪宁渤,冉亮,等.中国新能源弃风弃光原因分析及前景探究[J].中国电力,2016,49(9):7-12.ZHOU Qiang,WANG Ningbo,RAN Liang,et al.Cause analysis on wind and photovoltaic energy curtailment and prospect research in China[J].Electric Power,2016,49(9):7-12.
[7]姚良忠,朱凌志,周明,等.高比例可再生能源电力系统的协同优化运行技术展望[J].电力系统自动化,2017,41(9):36-43.DOI:10.7500/AEPS20170112013.YAO Liangzhong,ZHU Lingzhi,ZHOU Ming,et al.Prospects of coordination and optimization for power systems with high proportion of renewable energy[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2017,41(9):36-43.DOI:10.7500/AEPS20170112013.
[8]ABDULFETAH S,MOHAMMED W,MEHMET R T,et al.Real time active power control in smart grid[C]//6th International Conference on Renewable Energy Research and Applications,November 5-8,2017,San Diego,USA.
[9]WEI Wei,LIU Feng,MEI Shengwei.Real-time dispatchability of bulk power systems with volatile renewable generations[J].IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Energy,2015,6(3):738-747.
[10]SURENDER R S,BIJWE P R,ABHYANKAR A R.Realtime economic dispatch considering renewable power generation variability and uncertainty over scheduling period[J].IEEESystems Journal,2015,9(4):1440-1451.
[11]薛峰,常康,汪宁渤.大规模间歇式能源发电并网集群协调控制框架[J].电力系统自动化,2011,35(22):45-53.XUE Feng,CHANG Kang,WANG Ningbo.Coordinated control frame of large-scale intermittent power plant cluster[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2011,35(22):45-53.
[12]李静坤,姚秀萍,旷瑞明,等.新疆风电场有功功率控制策略与实现[J].电力系统自动化,2011,35(24):44-46.LI Jingkun,YAO Xiuping,KUANG Ruiming,et al.Wind farm active power control strategy and implementation in Xinjiang[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2011,35(24):44-46.
[13]谢旭,吴继平,罗亚洲,等.同一控制区两级调度风电实时协调控制策略[J].电力系统自动化,2017,41(11):114-119.DOI:10.7500/AEPS20161019002.XIE Xu,WU Jiping,LUO Yazhou,et al.Real-time coordinated control strategy for wind power with two-level dispatching in same control area[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2017,41(11):114-119.DOI:10.7500/AEPS20161019002.
[14]冯利民,范国英,郑太一,等.吉林电网风电调度自动化系统设计[J].电力系统自动化,2011,35(11):39-43.FENG Limin,FAN Guoying,ZHENG Taiyi,et al.Design of wind power dispatch automation system in Jilin power grid[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2011,35(11):39-43.
[15]滕贤亮,高宗和,朱斌,等.智能电网调度控制系统AGC需求分析及关键技术[J].电力系统自动化,2015,39(1):81-87.DOI:10.7500/AEPS20141008020.TENG Xianliang,GAO Zonghe,ZHU Bin,et al.Requirements analysis and key technologies for automatic generation control for smart grid dispatching and control systems[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2015,39(1):81-87.DOI:10.7500/AEPS20141008020.
[16]高宗和,滕贤亮,张小白.适应大规模风电接入的互联电网有功调度与控制方案[J].电力系统自动化,2010,34(17):37-41.GAO Zonghe,TENG Xianliang,ZHANG Xiaobai.Solution of active power dispatch and control scheme for interconnected power grids with large-scale wind power integration[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2010,44(1):37-41.
[17]卓峻峰,金学洙,邓波,等.考虑断面安全约束的大规模风电有功控制[J].电网技术,2015,39(4):1014-1018.ZHUO Junfeng,JIN Xuezhu,DENG Bo,et al.An active power control method of large-scale wind farm considering security constraints of tie lines[J].Power System Technology,2015,39(4):1014-1018.
[18]王靖然,王玉林,杨志刚,等.考虑嵌套断面约束的大规模集群风电有功控制策略[J].电力系统自动化,2015,39(13):16-21.DOI:10.7500/AEPS20140701011.WANG Jingran,WANG Yulin,YANG Zhigang,et al.An active power control strategy for large-scale cluster of wind power considering constraints on nested transmission sections[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2015,39(13):16-21.DOI:10.7500/AEPS20140701011.
[19]于昌海,吴继平,王运,等.适应发电权交易的可再生能源有功控制策略[J].电力系统自动化,2017,41(9):71-76.DOI:10.7500/AEPS20170117018.YU Changhai,WU Jiping,WANG Yun,et al.Active power control strategy for renewable energy generation adapted to generation right trade[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2017,41(9):71-76.DOI:10.7500/AEPS20170117018.
[20]翟丙旭,王靖然,杨志刚,等.调峰约束下考虑发电优先级的风电有功控制策略[J].电力系统自动化,2017,41(23):83-88.DOI:10.7500/AEPS20170119011.ZHAI Bingxu,WANG Jingran,YANG Zhigang,et al.Active power control strategy for wind power considering priorities of power generation with peak regulation constraints[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2017,41(23):83-88.DOI:10.7500/AEPS20170119011.
[21]刘峻,周喜超.基于超短期风电功率预测的风电场自动发电控制[J].中国电力,2011,44(2):74-77.LIU Jun,ZHOU Xichao.Wind farm automatic generation control based on ultra-short-term wind-power forecasts[J].Electric Power,2011,44(2):74-77.
[22]乔颖,鲁宗相.考虑电网约束的风电场自动有功控制[J].电力系统自动化,2009,33(22):88-93.QIAO Ying,LU Zongxiang.Wind farms active power control considering constraints of power grids[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2009,33(22):88-93.
[23]高宗和,陈刚,杨军峰,等.特高压互联电网联络线功率控制:(一)AGC控制策略[J].电力系统自动化,2009,33(15):51-55.GAO Zonghe,CHEN Gang,YANG Junfeng,et al.Active power control for tie-lines in UHV interconnected power grid:Part one AGC control strategies[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2009,33(15):51-55.
[24]高宗和,陈刚,滕贤亮,等.特高压互联电网联络线功率控制:(二)AGC性能评价[J].电力系统自动化,2009,33(16):61-64.GAO Zonghe,CHEN Gang,TENG Xianliang,et al.Active power control for tie-lines in UHV interconnected power grid:Part two AGC performance assessment[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2009,33(16):61-64.
[25]朱燕芳,郭翠华,荀保平.特高压运行对山西电网联络线潮流控制的影响[J].山西电力,2011(3):1-4.ZHU Yanfang,GUO Cuihua,XUN Baoping.The influence of ultra-high voltage operation on tie-line power flow of Shanxi power grid[J].Shanxi Electric Power,2011(3):1-4.
[26]王彬,孙勇,吴文传,等.应用于高风电渗透率电网的风电调度实时控制方法与实现[J].电力系统自动化,2015,39(21):23-29.DOI:10.7500/AEPS20141031016.WANG Bin,SUN Yong,WU Wenchuan,et al.A real-time wind power control method for power systems with high wind power penetration and its implementation[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2015,39(21):23-29.DOI:10.7500/AEPS20141031016.