荒漠植物沙鞭(Psammochloa villosa)种质资源收集及谱系遗传分化初探
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摘要
沙鞭(Psammochloa villosa)是禾本科(Poaceae)、针茅族(Stipeae)、沙鞭属(Psammochloa)中一个具有重要经济和生态价值的荒漠特有种,具有较强的抗逆性,是一种优质防风固沙植物,主要分布于内蒙古高原及其毗邻沙地。2013-2016年,本研究调查了沙鞭野生种质资源在内蒙古高原及其毗邻地区的自然地理分布,并在群体水平上收集了凭证标本、DNA材料和成熟种子;同时,从采集材料中选取具有代表性的180个个体进行了nrITS序列的扩增和测序,结果发现沙鞭所有参试种群的nrITS序列存在两个较为明显的谱系遗传分支,即一个分支主要由生长于内蒙古高原东部的所测个体组成,另一个分支由内蒙古高原西部的所测个体构成,这与依据外部形态特征和叶表皮微形态特征鉴分的结果相吻合。此外,本文还进一步讨论了这些丰富的种质资源对今后研究和利用沙鞭的重要性和相关途径。
Psammochloa villosa,belonging to the genus Psammochloaof the tribe Stipeae in the grass family(Poaceae),is an endemic species in the desert regions with important economic and ecological values.It is distributed in the Inner Mongolia Plateau and adjacent areas.It is a good sand fixation plant and has strong stress resistance.From 2013 to 2016,we surveyed the natural distribution of this species in the regions and collected its germplasm resources comprising voucher specimens,DNA materials and mature seeds.In the meanwhile,we further amplified and sequenced nrITS sequences from 180 representative individuals selected from the collected populations.Based on the nrITS data fromPsammochloapopulations,the results showed that there were two major distinct genetic branches.One branch is mainly composed of measured individuals growing in the eastern Inner Mongolia Plateau,the other branch consists of individuals in the western Inner Mongolia Plateau.This is consistent with the results obtained from morphological and leaf epidermal micromorphological features.In conclusion,these data supply important resources for further utilizing and studying this species.
Psammochloa villosa,belonging to the genus Psammochloaof the tribe Stipeae in the grass family(Poaceae),is an endemic species in the desert regions with important economic and ecological values.It is distributed in the Inner Mongolia Plateau and adjacent areas.It is a good sand fixation plant and has strong stress resistance.From 2013 to 2016,we surveyed the natural distribution of this species in the regions and collected its germplasm resources comprising voucher specimens,DNA materials and mature seeds.In the meanwhile,we further amplified and sequenced nrITS sequences from 180 representative individuals selected from the collected populations.Based on the nrITS data fromPsammochloapopulations,the results showed that there were two major distinct genetic branches.One branch is mainly composed of measured individuals growing in the eastern Inner Mongolia Plateau,the other branch consists of individuals in the western Inner Mongolia Plateau.This is consistent with the results obtained from morphological and leaf epidermal micromorphological features.In conclusion,these data supply important resources for further utilizing and studying this species.
引文
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[2]马毓泉.内蒙古植物志(第2版,第5卷)[M].呼和浩特:内蒙古人民出版社,1994:115-152
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[15]刘玉萍.青藏高原特有属固沙草属的物种界定与遗传多样性研究[D].陕西:陕西师范大学,2015
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[19]Ronquist F,Huelsenbeck J P.MrBayes 3:Bayesian phylogenetic inference under mixed models[J].Bioinformatics,2003,19:1572-1574
[20]Group C P B O L,Li D Z,Gao L M,et al.Comparative analysis of a large dataset indicates that internal transcribed spacer(ITS)should be incorporated into the core barcode for seed plants[J].Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences,2011,108(49):19641-19646
[21]Ainouche M L,Bayer R J.On the origins of the tetraploid Bromus species(section Bromus,Poaceae):insights from internal transcribed spacer sequences of nuclear ribosomal DNA[J].Genome,1997,40(5):730-743
[22]álvarez I,Wendel J F.Ribosomal ITS sequences and plant phylogenetic inference[J].Molecular phylogenetics and evolution,2003,29(3):417-434
[23]Liu Y P,Su X,He Y H,et al.Evolutionary history of Orinus thoroldii(Poaceae),endemic to the western Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau in China[J].Biochemical Systematics and Ecology,2015,59:159-167
[24]Jia D R,Liu T L,Wang L Y,et al.Evolutionary history of an alpine shrub Hippophae tibetana(Elaeagnaceae):allopatric divergence and regional expansion[J].Biological Journal of the Linnean Society,2011,102(1):37-50
[25]Wang G N,He X Y,Miehe G,et al.Phylogeography of the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau endemic alpine herb Pomatosace filicula(Primulaceae)[J].Journal of Systematics and Evolution,2014,52(3):289-302
[2]马毓泉.内蒙古植物志(第2版,第5卷)[M].呼和浩特:内蒙古人民出版社,1994:115-152
[3]Hitchcock A S.New grasses from leashmir[J].Journal of the Washington Academy of Science,1927,17-140
[4]耿以礼.中国主要植物图说—禾本科[M].北京:科学出版社,1959:283-286
[5]中国科学院植物研究所.中国高等植物图鉴[M].北京:科学出版社,1976,5-124
[6]Bor B L.Timouria roshev.and Psammochloa hitchc[J].Kew Bulletin,1951,6(2):186-192
[7]郭本兆.中国植物志(第9卷,第3分册)[M].北京:科学出版社,1987:309
[8]Chen S L,Raven P H,Hong D Y,et al.Flora of China[M].Beijing:Science Press and St.Louis:Missouri Botanical Garden Press,2006
[9]董鸣.切断根茎对根茎禾草沙鞭和赖草克隆生长的影响[J].植物学报,1999,41(2):194-198
[10]黄振英,董鸣,张淑敏.沙鞭(禾本科)种子在沙丘上的萌发策略及幼苗的耐干燥特性[J].生态学报,2005,25(2):298-303
[11]徐翥骅,贺学礼,郭辉娟,等.内蒙古农牧交错区沙鞭和羊柴AM真菌侵染及其土壤因子[J].河北农业大学学报,2011,34(1):56-61
[12]王可青,董鸣.根茎禾草沙鞭的等位酶变异及克隆多样性[J].植物学报,1999,41(5):534-540
[13]Li A,Ge S.Genetic variation and clonal diversity of Psammochloa villosa(Poaceae)detected by ISSR markers[J].Annals of Botany,2001,87(5):585-590
[14]Doyle J J,Doyle J L.A rapid DNA isolation procedure for small quantities of fresh leaf material[J].Phytochemical Bulletin,BSA,1987,19:11-15
[15]刘玉萍.青藏高原特有属固沙草属的物种界定与遗传多样性研究[D].陕西:陕西师范大学,2015
[16]王倩.沙芥属(十字花科)物种界定及物种形成研究[D].兰州:兰州大学,2012
[17]Thompson J D,Gibson T J,Plewniak F,et al.The clustalx windws interface:strategies for multiple sequence alignment aided by quality analysis tools[J].Nucleic acids reserch,1997,25(24):4876-4882
[18]Librado P,Rozas J.DnaSP v5:a software for comprehensive analysis of DNA polymorphism data[J].Bioinformatics,2009,25:1451-1452
[19]Ronquist F,Huelsenbeck J P.MrBayes 3:Bayesian phylogenetic inference under mixed models[J].Bioinformatics,2003,19:1572-1574
[20]Group C P B O L,Li D Z,Gao L M,et al.Comparative analysis of a large dataset indicates that internal transcribed spacer(ITS)should be incorporated into the core barcode for seed plants[J].Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences,2011,108(49):19641-19646
[21]Ainouche M L,Bayer R J.On the origins of the tetraploid Bromus species(section Bromus,Poaceae):insights from internal transcribed spacer sequences of nuclear ribosomal DNA[J].Genome,1997,40(5):730-743
[22]álvarez I,Wendel J F.Ribosomal ITS sequences and plant phylogenetic inference[J].Molecular phylogenetics and evolution,2003,29(3):417-434
[23]Liu Y P,Su X,He Y H,et al.Evolutionary history of Orinus thoroldii(Poaceae),endemic to the western Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau in China[J].Biochemical Systematics and Ecology,2015,59:159-167
[24]Jia D R,Liu T L,Wang L Y,et al.Evolutionary history of an alpine shrub Hippophae tibetana(Elaeagnaceae):allopatric divergence and regional expansion[J].Biological Journal of the Linnean Society,2011,102(1):37-50
[25]Wang G N,He X Y,Miehe G,et al.Phylogeography of the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau endemic alpine herb Pomatosace filicula(Primulaceae)[J].Journal of Systematics and Evolution,2014,52(3):289-302
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