单一中草药以及复方中草药体外抑菌效果研究
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摘要
试验旨在探究单一中草药、多种中草药组方对猪肠道大肠杆菌、沙门氏菌和金黄色葡萄球菌的体外抑菌作用,筛选效果较好的单一中草药以及中草药组方。试验选用黄芪、何首乌、黄连、金银花、大黄、白头翁、五倍子、葛根等八种中草药的提取液,采用双层琼脂扩散法和微量二倍稀释法,测定其对3种育肥猪常见的有害肠道菌株抑菌圈的大小和最小抑菌浓度(MIC)。结果表明:(1)猪大肠杆菌对黄连、金银花和五倍子呈高度敏感,抑菌圈直径分别为24.54、20.13、20.13 mm,其MIC值分别为31.25、125、125 mg/ml。(2)金黄色葡萄球菌对黄芪、黄连和大黄呈低度敏感,抑菌圈直径分别为14.07、12.57、14.4 mm,其MIC值分别为250、125、125 mg/ml。(3)沙门氏菌对黄芪呈低度敏感,MIC值为250 mg/ml,黄连和大黄对沙门氏菌呈中度敏感,MIC值均为62.5 mg/ml。(4)黄芪和何首乌提取液混合试验,以黄芪0.75 mg/ml,何首乌0.25 mg/ml组合效果最好,对大肠杆菌呈中度敏感,抑菌圈直径为16.1 mm;对金黄色葡萄球菌呈低度敏感,抑菌圈直径为11 mm;对沙门氏菌呈不敏感,抑菌圈直径为9.8 mm。(5)黄芪、黄连和大黄三种提取液混合试验,以黄芪0.25 mg/ml,黄连0.5 mg/ml,大黄0.25 mg/ml组合效果最好,对大肠杆菌呈低度敏感,抑菌圈直径为12.4 mm;对金黄色葡萄球菌呈低度敏感,抑菌圈直径为12.2 mm;对沙门氏菌呈低度敏感,抑菌圈直径为12.9 mm。综上所述,单一添加黄芪、黄连和大黄三种中草药对大肠杆菌、沙门氏菌和金黄色葡萄球菌体外抑菌效果较好。以黄芪,黄连和大黄三种中草药复配的组方对大肠杆菌、沙门氏菌和金黄色葡萄球菌体外抑菌效果最好。
This experiment was designed to explore the invitro antibacterial effect of a single and vari-ous Chinese herbal medicine on pig intestine E. coli, Salmonella and Staphylococcus aureus, and to ini-tially screen a single and various Chinese herbal medicine with good effect. Eight extracts of Chineseherbs from Radix Astragali, Radix Scutellariae, Rhizoma Coptidis, Honeysuckle, Rhubarb, Pulsatilla chi-nensis, Chinese gallnut and Pueraria were used in the experiment. Double-layer agar diffusion methodand trace double dilution method were used to determine the common harmful intestinal strains of thethree finishing pigs. Inhibitory zone size and minimum inhibitory concentration(MIC). The resultsshowed that:(1) Coptis chinensis, Lonicera japonica and Galla chinensis were highly sensitive to E. co-li, the inhibition zone diameters were 24.54, 20.13 mm and 20.13 mm, respectively, and their MIC val-ues were 31.25, 125 mg/ml and 125 mg/ml, respectively.(2) Astragalus membranaceus, Coptidis rhi-zoma and rhubarb were sensitive to Staphylococ-cus aureus, and the inhibition zone diameterswere 14.07, 12.57 mm and 14.4 mm, respective-ly, and the MIC values were 250, 125 mg/ml, and125 mg/ml, respectively.(3) Astragalus membra-naceus was sensitive to Salmonella, with a MIC of250 mg/ml. Coptidis Rhizoma and Rhubarb were moderately sensitive to Salmonella. The MIC values were 62.5 mg/ml.(4) The mixed test of Astragalusmembranaceus and Radix Polygoni multiflori extract had the best effect of Astragalus 0.75 mg/ml, Shou-wu 0.25 mg/ml, moderate sensitivity to E. coli, diameter of inhibition zone of 16.1 mm, and gold Staphy-lococcus aureus showed low sensitivity, the inhibition zone diameter was 11 mm, it was insensitive toSalmonella, and the inhibition zone diameter was 9.8 mm.(5) The extracts of Astragalus, Coptidis Rhi-zoma and Rhubarb extracts were the best ones. They were Astragalus 0.25 mg/ml, Coptis chinensis0.5 mg/ml, Rhubarb 0.25 mg/ml, and they were sensitive to E. coli. The diameter of inhibition zone was12.4 mm. It is sensitive to Staphylococcus aureus with a diameter of 12.2 mm. It is sensitive to Salmonel-la and has a diameter of 12.9 mm. In summary, the three Chinese herbal medicines:Huang Qi, HuangLian and Da Huang have the best antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli, Salmonella and Staphy-lococcus aureus. The combination of Chinese herbal medicines: Huang Qi, Huang Lian and Da Huanghas the best antibacterial effect against Escherichia coli, Salmonella and Staphylococcus aureus.
This experiment was designed to explore the invitro antibacterial effect of a single and vari-ous Chinese herbal medicine on pig intestine E. coli, Salmonella and Staphylococcus aureus, and to ini-tially screen a single and various Chinese herbal medicine with good effect. Eight extracts of Chineseherbs from Radix Astragali, Radix Scutellariae, Rhizoma Coptidis, Honeysuckle, Rhubarb, Pulsatilla chi-nensis, Chinese gallnut and Pueraria were used in the experiment. Double-layer agar diffusion methodand trace double dilution method were used to determine the common harmful intestinal strains of thethree finishing pigs. Inhibitory zone size and minimum inhibitory concentration(MIC). The resultsshowed that:(1) Coptis chinensis, Lonicera japonica and Galla chinensis were highly sensitive to E. co-li, the inhibition zone diameters were 24.54, 20.13 mm and 20.13 mm, respectively, and their MIC val-ues were 31.25, 125 mg/ml and 125 mg/ml, respectively.(2) Astragalus membranaceus, Coptidis rhi-zoma and rhubarb were sensitive to Staphylococ-cus aureus, and the inhibition zone diameterswere 14.07, 12.57 mm and 14.4 mm, respective-ly, and the MIC values were 250, 125 mg/ml, and125 mg/ml, respectively.(3) Astragalus membra-naceus was sensitive to Salmonella, with a MIC of250 mg/ml. Coptidis Rhizoma and Rhubarb were moderately sensitive to Salmonella. The MIC values were 62.5 mg/ml.(4) The mixed test of Astragalusmembranaceus and Radix Polygoni multiflori extract had the best effect of Astragalus 0.75 mg/ml, Shou-wu 0.25 mg/ml, moderate sensitivity to E. coli, diameter of inhibition zone of 16.1 mm, and gold Staphy-lococcus aureus showed low sensitivity, the inhibition zone diameter was 11 mm, it was insensitive toSalmonella, and the inhibition zone diameter was 9.8 mm.(5) The extracts of Astragalus, Coptidis Rhi-zoma and Rhubarb extracts were the best ones. They were Astragalus 0.25 mg/ml, Coptis chinensis0.5 mg/ml, Rhubarb 0.25 mg/ml, and they were sensitive to E. coli. The diameter of inhibition zone was12.4 mm. It is sensitive to Staphylococcus aureus with a diameter of 12.2 mm. It is sensitive to Salmonel-la and has a diameter of 12.9 mm. In summary, the three Chinese herbal medicines:Huang Qi, HuangLian and Da Huang have the best antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli, Salmonella and Staphy-lococcus aureus. The combination of Chinese herbal medicines: Huang Qi, Huang Lian and Da Huanghas the best antibacterial effect against Escherichia coli, Salmonella and Staphylococcus aureus.
引文
[1]孙杰,王建设,田亚崴,等.中草药饲料添加剂的应用现状[J].中国动物保健, 2010(2):74-76.
[2]陈寒青,金征宇,朱立贤.中草药饲料添加剂研究进展[J].饲料工业, 2002(10):18-23.
[3] Somchit M N, Reezal I, Nur I E, et al. In vitro antimicrobial activ-ity of ethanol and water extracts of Cassia alata[J]. J. Ethnophar-macol, 2003,84(1):1-4.
[4] Bello Y M, Odama L E, De N B. Studies on the Antibacterial Ac-tivity of the Extract of Stachysarpheta angustifolia[J]. Journal ofnanjing medical university(natural science edition), 2003(4):424.
[5] El Astal Z. The inhibitory action of aqueous garlic extract on thegrowth of certain pathogenic bacteria[J]. European Food Researchand Technology, 2004,218(5):460-464.
[6]吕彪,宋志元,储君,等. 20种中草药提取物对4种常见病原菌体外抑菌试验[J].中兽医学杂志, 2016(4):4-6.
[7]向双云,周珍辉,李玉冰,等. 8种中草药对大肠杆菌的体外抑菌试验[J].黑龙江畜牧兽医, 2016(10):167-169.
[8]张赛奇,王米,杨锐乐,等. 15种中药对猪大肠杆菌的体外抑菌试验[J].黑龙江畜牧兽医,2015(3):163-165.
[9]岳云升,李仲兴,王秀华,等.用新方法进行大黄对308株临床菌株抗菌活性研究[J].航空航天医药, 2004(1):16-18.
[10]汪倩雯,汪琨,杨霄,等. 89种中草药醇提物体外抗菌活性的研究[J].浙江工业大学学报, 2009(3):289-294.
[11]陈希文,赖守勋,尹苗,等. 22种中药多糖对猪源金黄色葡萄球菌的体外抑菌活性[J].江苏农业科学, 2016(9):264-267.
[12]杨闻,段玉峰,王蓓蓓,等.首乌藤总黄酮的抑菌活性研究[J].食品工业科技, 2012(9):111-113.
[13]李国旺,苗志国,赵恒章.板蓝根等10种中草药对沙门氏菌的体外抑菌试验[J].贵州农业科学, 2010(2):142-144.
[14]王宁,崔一喆,蒋剑成,等.黄芪提取物对常见致病菌的体内外抑菌活性测定[J].畜牧与饲料科学, 2014(4):1-2.
[15]李亚娜,陶庆春.中药抑菌的研究现状及思考[J].国际检验医学杂志, 2014(2):198-200.
[16]韩伟,张铁,钟秀会.中药对细菌R质粒消除作用的研究概况[J].中国畜牧兽医, 2006(8):52-54.
[17]黄通旺,杨灏强,庞珊.抑制β-内酰胺酶的中草药的筛选研究[J].汕头大学学报(自然科学版), 2000(2):46-49.
[18]李镇,容悦莹,王淑美,等.中药组方配伍的研究进展[J].中国实验方剂学杂志, 2015(7):223-226.
[19]刘荣欣,鲁改儒,郭吉勇.中药及其组方对大肠杆菌的体外抑菌试验[J].安徽农业科学, 2011(4):2265-2267.
[2]陈寒青,金征宇,朱立贤.中草药饲料添加剂研究进展[J].饲料工业, 2002(10):18-23.
[3] Somchit M N, Reezal I, Nur I E, et al. In vitro antimicrobial activ-ity of ethanol and water extracts of Cassia alata[J]. J. Ethnophar-macol, 2003,84(1):1-4.
[4] Bello Y M, Odama L E, De N B. Studies on the Antibacterial Ac-tivity of the Extract of Stachysarpheta angustifolia[J]. Journal ofnanjing medical university(natural science edition), 2003(4):424.
[5] El Astal Z. The inhibitory action of aqueous garlic extract on thegrowth of certain pathogenic bacteria[J]. European Food Researchand Technology, 2004,218(5):460-464.
[6]吕彪,宋志元,储君,等. 20种中草药提取物对4种常见病原菌体外抑菌试验[J].中兽医学杂志, 2016(4):4-6.
[7]向双云,周珍辉,李玉冰,等. 8种中草药对大肠杆菌的体外抑菌试验[J].黑龙江畜牧兽医, 2016(10):167-169.
[8]张赛奇,王米,杨锐乐,等. 15种中药对猪大肠杆菌的体外抑菌试验[J].黑龙江畜牧兽医,2015(3):163-165.
[9]岳云升,李仲兴,王秀华,等.用新方法进行大黄对308株临床菌株抗菌活性研究[J].航空航天医药, 2004(1):16-18.
[10]汪倩雯,汪琨,杨霄,等. 89种中草药醇提物体外抗菌活性的研究[J].浙江工业大学学报, 2009(3):289-294.
[11]陈希文,赖守勋,尹苗,等. 22种中药多糖对猪源金黄色葡萄球菌的体外抑菌活性[J].江苏农业科学, 2016(9):264-267.
[12]杨闻,段玉峰,王蓓蓓,等.首乌藤总黄酮的抑菌活性研究[J].食品工业科技, 2012(9):111-113.
[13]李国旺,苗志国,赵恒章.板蓝根等10种中草药对沙门氏菌的体外抑菌试验[J].贵州农业科学, 2010(2):142-144.
[14]王宁,崔一喆,蒋剑成,等.黄芪提取物对常见致病菌的体内外抑菌活性测定[J].畜牧与饲料科学, 2014(4):1-2.
[15]李亚娜,陶庆春.中药抑菌的研究现状及思考[J].国际检验医学杂志, 2014(2):198-200.
[16]韩伟,张铁,钟秀会.中药对细菌R质粒消除作用的研究概况[J].中国畜牧兽医, 2006(8):52-54.
[17]黄通旺,杨灏强,庞珊.抑制β-内酰胺酶的中草药的筛选研究[J].汕头大学学报(自然科学版), 2000(2):46-49.
[18]李镇,容悦莹,王淑美,等.中药组方配伍的研究进展[J].中国实验方剂学杂志, 2015(7):223-226.
[19]刘荣欣,鲁改儒,郭吉勇.中药及其组方对大肠杆菌的体外抑菌试验[J].安徽农业科学, 2011(4):2265-2267.
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