聚集策略下的模件化建筑设计方法及应用——以中国科学院大学科教园区为例
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摘要
大学的功能逐渐从"基础教育"转变为"研究型培养",中国科学院大学大力倡导"产-学-研"与"科教融合"的发展思路。从自然界"聚集"现象出发,通过分析"聚集"的目标,以中国科学院大学在3个城市中的科教园区为例,提出了以师法自然和中国传统工艺生产的"模件化"为"聚集"策略下的建筑设计方法;该方法强调规划与设计中结构秩序的重要性,以典型模件单元的建构作为设计组织的起点,将模件单元在结构秩序基础上形成同构异型的多样化组合方式,最终形成不同的尺度层级;展示了"模件化聚集"方法在创造"科学共同体"上的优势,3个案例也呈现出该设计方法历时性的传承、延续和演变。
In recent years, the functions of universities have gradually changed from the "basic education" to "research-oriented training",and the Chinese Academy of Sciences has vigorously advocated the combination of the "Production-Learning-Research" and the "Integration of Research and Education". Starting from the idea "aggregation" in nature, this paper analyses the goal of the "aggregation",and puts forward the architectural design method with the strategy of "aggregation" based on the "modularization" of imitating nature and the traditional Chinese craft production. The design method emphasizes the importance of the structural order in planning and design as the generating framework. The construction of the modular units is the starting point of the design organization, and the modular units form diversified combinations of isomorphic and heterogeneous forms on the basis of the structural order. Finally, different scale levels are formed. This paper takes the campuses of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences in three cities as an example to analyze and demonstrate the advantages of the " modularized aggregation" method in creating a "scientific community". The three cases also show thediachronic inheritance, continuation and evolution of the design method.
In recent years, the functions of universities have gradually changed from the "basic education" to "research-oriented training",and the Chinese Academy of Sciences has vigorously advocated the combination of the "Production-Learning-Research" and the "Integration of Research and Education". Starting from the idea "aggregation" in nature, this paper analyses the goal of the "aggregation",and puts forward the architectural design method with the strategy of "aggregation" based on the "modularization" of imitating nature and the traditional Chinese craft production. The design method emphasizes the importance of the structural order in planning and design as the generating framework. The construction of the modular units is the starting point of the design organization, and the modular units form diversified combinations of isomorphic and heterogeneous forms on the basis of the structural order. Finally, different scale levels are formed. This paper takes the campuses of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences in three cities as an example to analyze and demonstrate the advantages of the " modularized aggregation" method in creating a "scientific community". The three cases also show thediachronic inheritance, continuation and evolution of the design method.
引文
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[4]West G.The universal laws of growth.innovation,sustainability and the pace of life in organisms,cities,economies,and companies[M].London:Penguin Books,2018.
[5]Lothar L.Ten thousand things:Module and mass production in Chinese art[M].New Jersey:Princeton University Press,1998.
[6]Haeckel E.Art forms of nature[M].New York:Dover Publications,1974.
[7]斯蒂芬·基兰,詹姆斯·廷伯莱克.再造建筑[M].何清华,祝迪飞,谢琳琳,等,译.北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2009.Stephen Kieran,James Timberlake.Refabricating Architecture[M].He Qinghua,Zhu Difei,Xie Linlin,et al,trans.Beijing:China Architecture&Building Press,2009
[8]Alexander C,Ishikawa S,Silverstein M.A pattern language:Towns,buildings,construction[M].London:Oxford University Press,1977.
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[10]杨光.建筑的模件化策略及设计方法研究[D].北京:中国科学院大学建筑研究与设计中心,2017.Yang Guang.A Study modular strategies and methods in architecture design[D].Beijing:Center of Architecture Research and Design,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,2017.