考虑合作覆盖的多级自提点选址问题
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摘要
自提点作为企业或企业联盟主导建设的公共服务设施,具有独立的品牌和完善的内部信息系统,而顾客行为受到一定区域内、同品牌的所有自提点的影响.通过信号强度函数和概率函数,刻画联合覆盖对顾客选择的影响,建立竞争环境下自提点选址模型.采用遗传算法进行求解,案例结果表明,随着预算的增加,每一单位的成本带来的加权需求覆盖量的增加值逐渐减小;合理较高水平的信号量阈值,有利于企业通过多级自提点布局获取竞争优势;通过与非联合覆盖模型对比,联合覆盖模型在加权需求覆盖量、覆盖成本、顾客效用方面都较优.
As public service facility which is constructed by enterprise or enterprise alliance, pickup point owns its independent brand and a perfect internal information system. Meanwhile, customers are influenced by all pickup points belong to a similar brand. Introducing signal intensity function and probability function to describe the influence of cooperation coverage on customer selection, location model of pickup point under competitive environment is established. Genetic algorithm is used to solve the problem. The results show that as the budget increases, the growth in the weighted demand coverage for each unit has gradually decreased. When the signal threshold is reasonably high, the enterprise will take advantage in competition through layout of multi-level pickup point. Compared with the non-cooperative coverage model, the cooperative coverage model is better in terms of the weighted demand coverage, the construction cost, and the customer utility.
As public service facility which is constructed by enterprise or enterprise alliance, pickup point owns its independent brand and a perfect internal information system. Meanwhile, customers are influenced by all pickup points belong to a similar brand. Introducing signal intensity function and probability function to describe the influence of cooperation coverage on customer selection, location model of pickup point under competitive environment is established. Genetic algorithm is used to solve the problem. The results show that as the budget increases, the growth in the weighted demand coverage for each unit has gradually decreased. When the signal threshold is reasonably high, the enterprise will take advantage in competition through layout of multi-level pickup point. Compared with the non-cooperative coverage model, the cooperative coverage model is better in terms of the weighted demand coverage, the construction cost, and the customer utility.
引文
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[8]ODED BERMAN,ZVI DREZNER,DMITRY KRASS.Cooperative cover location problems:The planar case[J].Iie Transactions,2009,42(3):232-246.
[9]BERMAN O,DREZNER Z,KRASS D.Generalized coverage:New developments in covering location models[J].Computers&Operations Research,2010,37(10):1675-1687.
[2]周林,林云,王旭,等.网购城市配送多容量终端选址与多车型路径集成优化[J].计算机集成制造系统,2016,22(4):1139-1147.[ZHOU L,LIN Y,WANG X,et al.Integrated optimization for multiclass terminal location-heterogeneous vehicle routing of urban distribution under online shopping[J].Computer Integrated Manufacturing Systems,2016,22(4):1139-1147.]
[3]韩珣,张锦,陈义友.基于顾客需求异质性的多级自提点选址研究[J].工业工程与管理,2017,22(4):23-29,39.[HAN X,ZHANG J,CHEN Y Y.Multi-level pickup point location based on customer demand heterogeneity[J].Industrial Engineering and Management,2017,22(4):23-29,39.]
[4]BIESINGER B,HU B,RAIDL G.Models and algorithms for competitive facility location problems with different customer behavior[J].Annals of Mathematics&Artificial Intelligence,2016,76(1-2):1-27.
[5]邵赛,关伟,毕军.考虑排队时间和里程约束的竞争充电站选址问题[J].交通运输系统工程与信息,2016,16(6):169-175.[SHAO S,GUAN W,BI J.Charging station location problem with queue and range in competitive multi-site service system[J].Journal of Transportation Systems Engineering and Information Technology,2016,16(6):169-175.]
[6]PLASTRIA F.Four-point fermat location problems revisited,new proofs and extensions of old results[J].Ima Journal of Management Mathematics,2006,17(4):387-396.
[7]范建华.基于阶梯型衰退效用函数的竞争选址问题[J].管理学报,2009,6(12):1638-1642.[FAN J H.The choice of competitive location for the chain-firm on the basis of step decay utility function[J].Chinese Journal of Management,2009,6(12):1638-1642.]
[8]ODED BERMAN,ZVI DREZNER,DMITRY KRASS.Cooperative cover location problems:The planar case[J].Iie Transactions,2009,42(3):232-246.
[9]BERMAN O,DREZNER Z,KRASS D.Generalized coverage:New developments in covering location models[J].Computers&Operations Research,2010,37(10):1675-1687.