外泌体在人类免疫缺陷病毒1型感染中的研究进展
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摘要
外泌体(exosome)是动物细胞在生理或病理条件下分泌到胞外的内生性纳米微囊,在疾病发生机制和药物运输载体等研究领域成为新宠。近年来发现,外泌体在人类免疫缺陷病毒1型(human immunodeficiency virus type 1,HIV-1)感染者体内能转移病毒组分和病毒相关免疫分子,与HIV-1感染密切相关。本文以外泌体介导的HIV-1感染机制为重点,围绕外泌体与HIV-1感染的关系进行综述。
Exosomes are endogenous nanoparticles secreted by cells in physiological or pathological state.It is a durably hot topic in research fields of pathology and drug carrier systems.In recent years,it has been found that exosomes can transfer viral components and virus-related immune molecules in human immunodeficiency virus type 1(HIV-1)infection.The mechanisms of exosome-mediated HIV-1 infection are reviewed in the present paper.
Exosomes are endogenous nanoparticles secreted by cells in physiological or pathological state.It is a durably hot topic in research fields of pathology and drug carrier systems.In recent years,it has been found that exosomes can transfer viral components and virus-related immune molecules in human immunodeficiency virus type 1(HIV-1)infection.The mechanisms of exosome-mediated HIV-1 infection are reviewed in the present paper.
引文
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[2]Schwab A,Meyering SS,Lepene B,Iordanskiy S,van Hoek ML,Hakami RM,Kashanchi F.Extracellular vesicles from infected cells:potential for direct pathogenesis[J].Front Microbiol,2015,6:1132.doi:10.3389/fmicb.2015.01132.
[3]Alenquer M,Amorim MJ.Exosome biogenesis,regulation,and function in viral infection[J].Viruses,2015,7(9):5066-5083.
[4]Théry C,Ostrowski M,Segura E.Membrane vesicles as conveyors of immune responses[J].Nat Rev Immunol,2009,9(8):581-593.
[5]Kim DK,Kang B,Kim OY,Choi DS,Lee J,Kim SR,Go G,Yoon YJ,Kim JH,Jang SC,Park KS,Choi EJ,Kim KP,Desiderio DM,Kim YK,Lotvall J,Hwang D,Gho YS.EVpedia:an integrated database of high-throughput data for systemic analyses of extracellular vesicles[J].J Extracell Vesicles,2013.doi:10.3402/jev.v2i0.20384.
[6]Kalra H,Simpson RJ,Ji H,Aikawa E,Altevogt P,Askenase P,Bond VC,Borràs FE,Breakefield X,Budnik V,Buzas E,Camussi G,Clayton A,Cocucci E,FalconPerez JM,Gabrielsson S,Gho YS,Gupta D,Harsha HC,Hendrix A,Hill AF,Inal JM,Jenster G,Krmer-Albers EM,Lim SK,Llorente A,L9tvall J,Marcilla A,Mincheva-Nilsson L,Nazarenko I,Nieuwland R,Nolte-’t Hoen EN,Pandey A,Patel T,Piper MG,Pluchino S,Prasad TS,Rajendran L,Raposo G,Record M,Reid GE,Sánchez-Madrid F,Schiffelers RM,Siljander P,Stensballe A,Stoorvogel W,Taylor D,Thery C,Valadi H,van Balkom BW,Vázquez J,Vidal M,Wauben MH,Yá1ez-MóM,Zoeller M,Mathivanan S.Vesiclepedia:a compendium for extracellular vesicles with continuous community annotation[J].PLoS Biol,2012,10(12):e1001450.
[7]Keerthikumar S,Chisanga D,Ariyaratne D,Al Saffar H,Anand S,Zhao K,Samuel M,Pathan M,Jois M,Chilamkurti N,Gangoda L,Mathivanan S.ExoCarta:A web-based compendium of exosomal cargo[J].J Mol Biol,2016,428(4):688-692.
[8]Savina A,Fader CM,Damiani MT,Colombo MI.Rab11promotes docking and fusion of multivesicular bodies in a calcium-dependent manner[J].Traffic,2005,6(2):131-143.
[9]Ostrowski M,Carmo NB,Krumeich S,Fanget I,Raposo G,Savina A,Moita CF,Schauer K,Hume AN,Freitas RP,Goud B,Benaroch P,Hacohen N,Fukuda M,Desnos C,Seabra MC,Darchen F,Amigorena S,Moita LF,Thery C.Rab27a and Rab27b control different steps of the exosome secretion pathway[J].Nat Cell Biol,2010,12(1):19-30;sup pp 1-13.
[10]Perez-Hernandez D,Gutiérrez-Vázquez C,Jorge I,LópezMartín S,Ursa A,Sánchez-Madrid F,Vázquez J,Yá1ezMóM.The intracellular interactome of tetraspanin-enriched microdomains reveals their function as sorting machineries toward exosomes[J].J Biol Chem,2013,288(17):11649-11661.
[11]van Niel G,Charrin S,Simoes S,Romao M,Rochin L,Saftig P,Marks MS,Rubinstein E,Raposo G.The tetraspanin CD63 regulates ESCRT-independent and-dependent endosomal sorting during melanogenesis[J].Dev Cell,2011,21(4):708-721.
[12]Hoshino D,Kirkbride KC,Costello K,Clark ES,Sinha S,Grega-Larson N,Tyska MJ,Weaver AM.Exosome secretion is enhanced by invadopodia and drives invasive behavior[J].Cell Rep,2013,5(5):1159-1168.
[13]Colombo M,Moita C,van Niel G,Kowal J,Vigneron J,Benaroch P,Manel N,Moita LF,Théry C,Raposo G.Analysis of ESCRT functions in exosome biogenesis,composition and secretion highlights the heterogeneity of extracellular vesicles[J].J Cell Sci,2013,126(Pt 24):5553-5565.
[14]Morelli AE,Larregina AT,Shufesky WJ,Sullivan ML,Stolz DB,Papworth GD,Zahorchak AF,Logar AJ,Wang Z,Watkins SC,Falo LD Jr,Thomson AW.Endocytosis,intracellular sorting,and processing of exosomes by dendritic cells[J].Blood,2004,104(10):3257-3266.
[15]Feng D,Zhao WL,Ye YY,Bai XC,Liu RQ,Chang LF,Zhou Q,Sui SF.Cellular internalization of exosomes occurs through phagocytosis[J].Traffic,2010,11(5):675-687.
[16]Svensson KJ,Christianson HC,Wittrup A,BourseauGuilmain E,Lindqvist E,Svensson LM,M9rgelin M,Belting M.Exosome uptake depends on ERK1/2-heat shock protein 27 signaling and lipid Raft-mediated endocytosis negatively regulated by caveolin-1[J].J Biol Chem,2013,288(24):17713-17724.
[17]L9tvall J,Hill AF,Hochberg F,Buzás EI,Di Vizio D,Gardiner C,Gho YS,Kurochkin IV,Mathivanan S,Quesenberry P,Sahoo S,Tahara H,Wauben MH,Witwer KW,Théry C.Minimal experimental requirements for definition of extracellular vesicles and their functions:a position statement from the International Society for Extracellular Vesicles[J].J Extracell Vesicles,2014,3:26913.doi:10.3402/jev.v3.26913.
[18]Madison MN,Okeoma CM.Exosomes:implications in HIV-1pathogenesis[J].Viruses,2015,7(7):4093-4118.
[19]Ellwanger JH,Veit TD,Chies JAB.Exosomes in HIV infection:A review and critical look[J].Infect Genet Evol,2017,53:146-154.
[20]Khan MB,Lang MJ,Huang MB,Raymond A,Bond VC,Shiramizu B,Powell MD.Nef exosomes isolated from the plasma of individuals with HIV-associated dementia(HAD)can induce Aβ(1-42)secretion in SH-SY5Yneural cells[J].J Neurovirol,2016,22(2):179-190.
[21]Fang Y,Wu N,Gan X,Yan W,Morrell JC,Gould SJ.Higher-order oligomerization targets plasma membrane proteins and HIV gag to exosomes[J].PLoS Biol,2007,5(6):e158.
[22]de Carvalho JV,de Castro RO,da Silva EZ,Silveira PP,da Silva-Januário ME,Arruda E,Jamur MC,Oliver C,Aguiar RS,daSilva LL.Nef neutralizes the ability of exosomes from CD4+T cells to act as decoys during HIV-1infection[J].PLoS One,2014,9(11):e113691.
[23]Aqil M,Naqvi AR,Bano AS,Jameel S.The HIV-1 Nef protein binds argonaute-2and functions as a viral suppressor of RNA interference[J].PLoS One,2013,8(9):e74472.
[24]Gray LR,Gabuzda D,Cowley D,Ellett A,Chiavaroli L,Wesselingh SL,Churchill MJ,Gorry PR.CD4and MHC class 1down-modulation activities of nef alleles from brainand lymphoid tissue-derived primary HIV-1isolates[J].J Neurovirol,2011,17(1):82-91.
[25]Mack M,Kleinschmidt A,Brühl H,Klier C,Nelson PJ,Cihak J,Plachy J,Stangassinger M,Erfle V,Schl9ndorff D.Transfer of the chemokine receptor CCR5between cells by membrane-derived microparticles:a mechanism for cellular human immunodeficiency virus 1infection[J].Nat Med,2000,6(7):769-775.
[26]Rozmyslowicz T,Majka M,Kijowski J,Murphy SL,Conover DO,Poncz M,Ratajczak J,Gaulton GN,Ratajczak MZ.Platelet-and megakaryocyte-derived microparticles transfer CXCR4receptor to CXCR4-null cells and make them susceptible to infection by X4-HIV[J].AIDS,2003,17(1):33-42.
[27]Esser MT,Graham DR,Coren LV,Trubey CM,Bess JW Jr,Arthur LO,Ott DE,Lifson JD.Differential incorporation of CD45,CD80(B7-1),CD86(B7-2),and major histocompatibility complex class I and II molecules into human immunodeficiency virus type 1 virions and microvesicles:implications for viral pathogenesis and immune regulation[J].J Virol,2001,75(13):6173-6182.
[28]Narayanan A,Iordanskiy S,Das R,Van Duyne R,Santos S,Jaworski E,Guendel I,Sampey G,Dalby E,IglesiasUssel M,Popratiloff A,Hakami R,Kehn-Hall K,Young M,Subra C,Gilbert C,Bailey C,Romerio F,Kashanchi F.Exosomes derived from HIV-1-infected cells contain trans-activation response element RNA[J].J Biol Chem,2013,288(27):20014-20033.
[29]Bernard MA,Zhao H,Yue SC,Anandaiah A,Koziel H,Tachado SD.Novel HIV-1miRNAs stimulate TNFαrelease in human macrophages via TLR8signaling pathway[J].PLoS One,2014,9(9):e106006.
[30]Columba Cabezas S,Federico M.Sequences within RNA coding for HIV-1 Gag p17 are efficiently targeted to exosomes[J].Cell Microbiol,2013,15(3):412-429.
[31]Luo X,Fan Y,Park IW,He JJ.Exosomes are unlikely involved in intercellular Nef transfer[J].PLoS One,2015,10(4):e0124436.
[32]LaganàA,Russo F,Veneziano D,Bella SD,Giugno R,Pulvirenti A,Croce CM,Ferro A.Extracellular circulating viral microRNAs:current knowledge and perspectives[J].Front Genet,2013,4:120.doi:10.3389/fgene.2013.00120.
[33]Gould SJ,Booth AM,Hildreth JE.The Trojan exosome hypothesis[J].Proc Natl Acad Sci USA,2003,100(19):10592-10597.
[34]Nguyen DG,Booth A,Gould SJ,Hildreth JE.Evidence that HIV budding in primary macrophages occurs through the exosome release pathway[J].J Biol Chem,2003,278(52):52347-52354.
[35]Kramer B,Pelchen-Matthews A,Deneka M,Garcia E,Piguet V,Marsh M.HIV interaction with endosomes in macrophages and dendritic cells[J].Blood Cells Mol Dis,2005,35(2):136-142.
[36]Kadiu I,Narayanasamy P,Dash PK,Zhang W,Gendelman HE.Biochemical and biologic characterization of exosomes and microvesicles as facilitators of HIV-1 infection in macrophages[J].J Immunol,2012,189(2):744-754.
[37]Wiley RD,Gummuluru S.Immature dendritic cell-derived exosomes can mediate HIV-1trans infection[J].Proc Natl Acad Sci USA,2006,103(3):738-743.
[38]Konadu KA,Chu J,Huang MB,Amancha PK,Armstrong W,Powell MD,Villinger F,Bond VC.Association of cytokines with exosomes in the plasma of HIV-1-seropositive individuals[J].J Infect Dis,2015,211(11):1712-1716.
[39]Tumne A,Prasad VS,Chen Y,Stolz DB,Saha K,Ratner DM,Ding M,Watkins SC,Gupta P.Noncytotoxic suppression of human immunodeficiency virus type 1transcription by exosomes secreted from CD8+T cells[J].J Virol,2009,83(9):4354-4364.
[40]Nslund TI,Paquin-Proulx D,Paredes PT,Vallhov H,Sandberg JK,Gabrielsson S.Exosomes from breast milk inhibit HIV-1infection of dendritic cells and subsequent viral transfer to CD4+T cells[J].AIDS,2014,28(2):171-180.
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