机构话语中的交往行为探索
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摘要
在当代西方哲学的"语言转向"中,哈贝马斯的交往行为理论不仅对哲学领域具有划时代意义,也为语言学转变二十世纪以来的研究传统、为开展语言多方向研究提供了统一的理论框架。机构话语是以沟通有效性为目标的典型语类,是应用交往行为理论的重要领域。本文旨在应用交往行为理论关于言语沟通有效性的构念,尝试建立一个适用于机构话语机制研究的分析框架,以外交新闻发言人与记者的对话为例,探讨其对机构话语研究实践的适用性及其启示。
Habermass theory of communicative action does not only bear epoch-making signifi-cance in the"linguistic turn"of Western philosophical theories. It also provides the linguistic circle with a unified theoretical framework for changing the research tradition of emphasizing homogenei-ty and rejecting heterogeneity since the turn of the 20 ~(th) century. With its feature of reaching validity in communication, institutional discourse serves as a typical genre for the application of the theory of communicative action. This paper is therefor an attempt to design a research framework based on Habermass theoretical construct of validity claim and to test its applicability in institutional discourse analysis with an illustrative conversation taken from the press conference of the Chinese Foreign Ministry, followed by a discussion of its implication in discourse studies in general.
Habermass theory of communicative action does not only bear epoch-making signifi-cance in the"linguistic turn"of Western philosophical theories. It also provides the linguistic circle with a unified theoretical framework for changing the research tradition of emphasizing homogenei-ty and rejecting heterogeneity since the turn of the 20 ~(th) century. With its feature of reaching validity in communication, institutional discourse serves as a typical genre for the application of the theory of communicative action. This paper is therefor an attempt to design a research framework based on Habermass theoretical construct of validity claim and to test its applicability in institutional discourse analysis with an illustrative conversation taken from the press conference of the Chinese Foreign Ministry, followed by a discussion of its implication in discourse studies in general.
引文
Beaugrande,R.2001.Linguistic Theory:The Discourse of Fundamental Works.Beijing:Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press.
Chang,Hui(常晖).2015.On the linguistic conceptions of dialectic hermeneutics and critical hermeneutics.Foreign Language Research(5):12-15.[2015,论辩证解释学和批判解释学的语言观.《外语学刊》第5期:12-15.]
Chen,Baoya(陈保亚).1997.The homogenizational movement of linguistic research in the twentieth century.Journal of Peking University(Humanities and Social Sciences)(2):53-59.[1997,20世纪语言研究中的同质化运动:索绪尔语言观与博爱士方法论的殊途与同归.《北京大学学报(哲学社会科学版)》第2期:53-59.]
Chomsky,N.1965.Aspects of the Theory of Syntax.Cambridge:MIT Press.
Cui,Fengjuan(崔凤娟)&Miao,Xingwei(苗兴伟).2007.The philosophical dimension of pragmatics.Foreign Language Research(4):67-72.[2007,语用学的哲学维度.《外语学刊》第4期:67-72.]
Fairclough,N.L.1992.Discourse and Social Change.Cambridge:Polity Press.
Feng,Wenjing(冯文敬).2012.From Saussures parole to Habermass communication:The being of language.Foreign Language Research(5):16-19.[2012,从索绪尔的言语到哈贝马斯的语言交往:语言的在与是.《外语学刊》第5期:16-19.]
Forester,J.1992.Fieldwork in a Habermasian way.In M.Alvesson&H.Willmott(eds.).Critical Management Studies.Newbury Park,CA:Sage,46-65.
Guo,Guichun(郭贵春).2001.On Habermass formal pragmatics.Philosophical Research(5):36-43.[2001,哈贝马斯的规范语用学.《哲学研究》第5期:36-43.]
Habermas,J.1971.Toward a Rational Society:Student Protest,Science and Politics.Trans.Jeremy J.Shapiro.London:Heinemann.
Habermas,J.1979.Communication and the Evolution of Society.Boston:Beacon Press.
Habermas,J.1984.The Theory of Communicative Action(Volume 1),Reason and the Rationalization of Society.Boston:Beacon Press.
Habermas,J.(哈贝马斯).1989.Communication and the Evolution of Society(Chinese Version Translator:Zhang,Boshu).Chongqing:Chongqing Press.[1989,《交往与社会进化》,(张博树译).重庆:重庆出版社.]
Habermas,J.(哈贝马斯).2004.The Theory of Communicative Action(Volume 1),Reason and the Rationalization of Society(Chinese Version Translator:Cao,Weidong).Shanghai:Shanghai Peoples Press.[2004,交往行为理论(第1卷),(曹卫东译).上海:上海人民出版社.]
Han,Hong(韩红).2006.On universal pragmatics from the perspective of the theory of communicative action.Foreign Language Research(1):6-11.[2006,交往行为理论视野中的普遍语用学.《外语学刊》第1期:6-11.]
Li,Wenjie(李文杰).2017.Habermass facing-life-world communicative action theory.Foreign Language Research(4):29-33.[2017,哈贝马斯面向生活世界的交往行为理论.《外语学刊》第4期:29-33.]
Liu,Zhidan(刘志丹).2015.On Habermass philosophy of language.Foreign Language Research(4):1-6.[2015,哈贝马斯语言哲学思想探论.《外语学刊》第4期:1-6.]
McCathy,T.1979.Translators introduction.In J.Habermas(ed.).Communication and the Evolution of Society.Boston:Beacon Press,vii-xxiv.
Mumby,Dennis K.2004.Discourse,power and ideology:Unpacking the critical approach.In D.Grant(ed.).The SAGE Handbook of Organizational Discourse.London:SAGE,237-258.
Prichard,C.,D.Jones&R.Stablein.2004.Doing research in organizational discourse:The importance of researcher context.In D.Grant(ed.).The SAGE Handbook of Organizational Discourse.London:SAGE,213-236.
Qiang,Naishe(强乃社).2009.On linguistic turn in contemporary social philosophy.Journal of Huazhong University of Science and Technology(Social Science Edition)(1):47-53.[2009,论当代社会哲学的语言学转向.《华中科技大学学报(社会科学版)》第1期:47-53.]
Shen,Xianshu.(沈贤淑)2016.The impact of the pragmatic turn on the breakthrough of linguistics.Academics(2):139-147.[2016,语用学转向的表达及其对语言学突围的作用.《学术界》第2期:139-147.]
Wang,Mingyu(王铭玉)&Yu,Xin(于鑫).2013.The inheritance and criticism of Saussures linguistic theory.Foreign Language Teaching and Research(3):363-373.[2013,索绪尔语言学理论的继承与批判.《外语教学与研究》第3期:363-373.]
Wang,Yin(王寅).2014.Researches on Philosophy of Language-Meditation on Chinas Post-Philosophy of Language in 21stCentury.Beijing:Peking University Press.[2014,《语言哲学研究-21世纪中国后语言哲学沉思录(上、下)》.北京:北京大学出版社.]
Xin,Bin(辛斌).2016.The constructive and constitutive nature of language and the homogeneity of discourse.Modern Foreign Languages(1):1-10.[2016,语言的建构性和话语的异质性.《现代外语》第1期:1-10.]
You,Zeshun(尤泽顺).2016.What critical discourse analysis adopts from Habermass philosophical and social theories.Discourse Studies Forum(3):1-13.[2016,哈贝马斯哲学社会学思想对批判话语分析的影响.《话语研究论丛》第三辑:1-13.
Zhang,Wenwen(张雯雯).2016.Habermass Theory of Communicative Action and Historical Materialism.[2016,《哈贝马斯的交往行为理论与历史唯物主义》.北京:中国社会科学出版社.]
1语言资质(linguistic competence)可译为语言能力，而交往资质(communicative competence)亦可译为交际能力。
Chang,Hui(常晖).2015.On the linguistic conceptions of dialectic hermeneutics and critical hermeneutics.Foreign Language Research(5):12-15.[2015,论辩证解释学和批判解释学的语言观.《外语学刊》第5期:12-15.]
Chen,Baoya(陈保亚).1997.The homogenizational movement of linguistic research in the twentieth century.Journal of Peking University(Humanities and Social Sciences)(2):53-59.[1997,20世纪语言研究中的同质化运动:索绪尔语言观与博爱士方法论的殊途与同归.《北京大学学报(哲学社会科学版)》第2期:53-59.]
Chomsky,N.1965.Aspects of the Theory of Syntax.Cambridge:MIT Press.
Cui,Fengjuan(崔凤娟)&Miao,Xingwei(苗兴伟).2007.The philosophical dimension of pragmatics.Foreign Language Research(4):67-72.[2007,语用学的哲学维度.《外语学刊》第4期:67-72.]
Fairclough,N.L.1992.Discourse and Social Change.Cambridge:Polity Press.
Feng,Wenjing(冯文敬).2012.From Saussures parole to Habermass communication:The being of language.Foreign Language Research(5):16-19.[2012,从索绪尔的言语到哈贝马斯的语言交往:语言的在与是.《外语学刊》第5期:16-19.]
Forester,J.1992.Fieldwork in a Habermasian way.In M.Alvesson&H.Willmott(eds.).Critical Management Studies.Newbury Park,CA:Sage,46-65.
Guo,Guichun(郭贵春).2001.On Habermass formal pragmatics.Philosophical Research(5):36-43.[2001,哈贝马斯的规范语用学.《哲学研究》第5期:36-43.]
Habermas,J.1971.Toward a Rational Society:Student Protest,Science and Politics.Trans.Jeremy J.Shapiro.London:Heinemann.
Habermas,J.1979.Communication and the Evolution of Society.Boston:Beacon Press.
Habermas,J.1984.The Theory of Communicative Action(Volume 1),Reason and the Rationalization of Society.Boston:Beacon Press.
Habermas,J.(哈贝马斯).1989.Communication and the Evolution of Society(Chinese Version Translator:Zhang,Boshu).Chongqing:Chongqing Press.[1989,《交往与社会进化》,(张博树译).重庆:重庆出版社.]
Habermas,J.(哈贝马斯).2004.The Theory of Communicative Action(Volume 1),Reason and the Rationalization of Society(Chinese Version Translator:Cao,Weidong).Shanghai:Shanghai Peoples Press.[2004,交往行为理论(第1卷),(曹卫东译).上海:上海人民出版社.]
Han,Hong(韩红).2006.On universal pragmatics from the perspective of the theory of communicative action.Foreign Language Research(1):6-11.[2006,交往行为理论视野中的普遍语用学.《外语学刊》第1期:6-11.]
Li,Wenjie(李文杰).2017.Habermass facing-life-world communicative action theory.Foreign Language Research(4):29-33.[2017,哈贝马斯面向生活世界的交往行为理论.《外语学刊》第4期:29-33.]
Liu,Zhidan(刘志丹).2015.On Habermass philosophy of language.Foreign Language Research(4):1-6.[2015,哈贝马斯语言哲学思想探论.《外语学刊》第4期:1-6.]
McCathy,T.1979.Translators introduction.In J.Habermas(ed.).Communication and the Evolution of Society.Boston:Beacon Press,vii-xxiv.
Mumby,Dennis K.2004.Discourse,power and ideology:Unpacking the critical approach.In D.Grant(ed.).The SAGE Handbook of Organizational Discourse.London:SAGE,237-258.
Prichard,C.,D.Jones&R.Stablein.2004.Doing research in organizational discourse:The importance of researcher context.In D.Grant(ed.).The SAGE Handbook of Organizational Discourse.London:SAGE,213-236.
Qiang,Naishe(强乃社).2009.On linguistic turn in contemporary social philosophy.Journal of Huazhong University of Science and Technology(Social Science Edition)(1):47-53.[2009,论当代社会哲学的语言学转向.《华中科技大学学报(社会科学版)》第1期:47-53.]
Shen,Xianshu.(沈贤淑)2016.The impact of the pragmatic turn on the breakthrough of linguistics.Academics(2):139-147.[2016,语用学转向的表达及其对语言学突围的作用.《学术界》第2期:139-147.]
Wang,Mingyu(王铭玉)&Yu,Xin(于鑫).2013.The inheritance and criticism of Saussures linguistic theory.Foreign Language Teaching and Research(3):363-373.[2013,索绪尔语言学理论的继承与批判.《外语教学与研究》第3期:363-373.]
Wang,Yin(王寅).2014.Researches on Philosophy of Language-Meditation on Chinas Post-Philosophy of Language in 21stCentury.Beijing:Peking University Press.[2014,《语言哲学研究-21世纪中国后语言哲学沉思录(上、下)》.北京:北京大学出版社.]
Xin,Bin(辛斌).2016.The constructive and constitutive nature of language and the homogeneity of discourse.Modern Foreign Languages(1):1-10.[2016,语言的建构性和话语的异质性.《现代外语》第1期:1-10.]
You,Zeshun(尤泽顺).2016.What critical discourse analysis adopts from Habermass philosophical and social theories.Discourse Studies Forum(3):1-13.[2016,哈贝马斯哲学社会学思想对批判话语分析的影响.《话语研究论丛》第三辑:1-13.
Zhang,Wenwen(张雯雯).2016.Habermass Theory of Communicative Action and Historical Materialism.[2016,《哈贝马斯的交往行为理论与历史唯物主义》.北京:中国社会科学出版社.]
1语言资质(linguistic competence)可译为语言能力，而交往资质(communicative competence)亦可译为交际能力。