华北克拉通地壳三维密度结构与地质含义
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摘要
利用重力异常揭示地壳三维密度结构是重力资料地质解释的目标和任务,密度反演的好坏至关重要.本文对华北克拉通进行了重力异常多尺度密度反演研究,首先利用小波变换对重力异常进行多尺度分解,接着利用功率谱分析方法估算各层场源的平均深度,然后利用广义密度反演方法进行各层密度反演,对华北地区进行了多层密度反演,得到其密度结构,并进行地质解释和油气藏分析.结果显示了重力场多尺度密度反演方法的有效性,对华北地区密度结构的地质含义进行了初步分析,位于造山带中的低密度异常主要反映沿造山带展布的花岗岩体.对比华北东部区浅层密度扰动与油气坳陷位置,发现油气坳陷都表现为低幅度的低密度异常区.说明利用小波多尺度反演提取的密度信息对油气勘探的部署有一定指导意义.
One of the goals of geological interpretation on gravity anomalies is to reveal threedimensional density structure of the earth s crust,for which density inversion is crucial.This paper presents multiple-scale density inversion of gravity anomalies.Firstly wavelet transform is employed to decompose gravity anomalies.Secondly,power spectrum analysis is performed to estimate the average depth of the field source for each layer,and then the generalized density inversion method is used to calculate the depth of each layer.Finally,such multi-scale density inversion is conducted for the North China region,resulting in the density structure of its crust.The results demonstrate that this approach is effective.The followed analysis indicates that low density anomalies in orogenic belts mainly reflect the granite bodies distributed there.In comparison with shallow density disturbance in eastern North China,depressions bearing oil and gas seem to have low-density anomalies of small amplitude.It implies that the density information extracted by wavelet multi-scale inversion has some guiding significance for deployment of oil and gas exploration.
One of the goals of geological interpretation on gravity anomalies is to reveal threedimensional density structure of the earth s crust,for which density inversion is crucial.This paper presents multiple-scale density inversion of gravity anomalies.Firstly wavelet transform is employed to decompose gravity anomalies.Secondly,power spectrum analysis is performed to estimate the average depth of the field source for each layer,and then the generalized density inversion method is used to calculate the depth of each layer.Finally,such multi-scale density inversion is conducted for the North China region,resulting in the density structure of its crust.The results demonstrate that this approach is effective.The followed analysis indicates that low density anomalies in orogenic belts mainly reflect the granite bodies distributed there.In comparison with shallow density disturbance in eastern North China,depressions bearing oil and gas seem to have low-density anomalies of small amplitude.It implies that the density information extracted by wavelet multi-scale inversion has some guiding significance for deployment of oil and gas exploration.
引文
Bhimasankakam VLS,Nagendra R,Seshagiri Rao S V.1997.Interpretation of gravity anomalies due to finite inclined dikes using Fourier transformation.Geophysics,42(1):51-59.
Cianciara B,Marcak H.1975.Interpretation of gravity anomalies by means of local power spectra.Geophysical Prospecting,24(2):273-286.
Daubechies I.1990.The wavelet transform,time frequency localization and signal analysis.IEEE Transactions on Information Theory,36(5):961-1006.
Fang S M,Yu Q F,Zhang X K.2001.Characteristics of the lithospheric bottom interface and seismicity in eastern China and its vicinity.Chinese Journal of Geophysics(in Chinese),44(1):48-53.
Gao D Z,Hou Z Z,Tang J.2000.Multi-scale analysis of gravity anomalies on East China Sea and adjacent regions.Chinese Journal of Geophysics(in Chinese),43(6):842-849.
Hou Z Z,Yang W C.1995.An operational research on the wavelet analysis.Computing Techniques for Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration(in Chinese),17(3):1-9.
Hou Z Z,Yang W C.1997.Two-dimensional wavelet transform and multiscale analysis of the gravity field of China.Chinese Journal of Geophysics(in Chinese),40(1):85-95.
Hou Z Z,Yang W C.2011.Multi-scale inversion of density structure from gravity anomalies in Tarim Basin.Science China Earth Sciences,54(3):399-409.
Hou Z Z,Yang W C,Liu J Q.1998.Multi-scale inversion of density distribution of the Chinese crust.Chinese Journal of Geophysics(in Chinese),41(5):642-651.
Li S X,Liu J Q.1994.Wavelet Transform and Mathematics of Inversion(in Chinese).Beijing:Geological Publishing House.
Ma L F,Ding X Z,Ju Y J.2006.Chinese Geological Map(in Chinese).Beijing:Geological Publishing House.
Mallat S G.1989.Multifrequency Channel decomposition and wavelet models.IEEE Transactions on Acoustics,37(12):2091-211.
Sybery F J R.1972.A Fourier method for the regional-residual problem of potential fields.Geophysical Prospecting,20(1):47-75.
Yang W C.1985.The power spectrum analysis of the field data(A).Technol.Geophys.Geochem.Prospect(in Chinese),7(3):188-196.
Yang W C.1986.The power spectrum analysis of the field data(B).Technol.Geophys.Geochem.Prospect(in Chinese),8(1):14-22.
Yang W C.1987.Generalized inversion applying in field data calculation.Chinese Journal of Geophysics(in Chinese),30:283-291.
Yang W C.1997.Theory and Methods in Geophysical Inversion(in Chinese).Beijing:Geological Publishing House.
Yang W C.2009.Tectonophysics in Paleo-Tethys domain.Chapter7(in Chinese).Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press.
Yang W C,Guo A Y,Xie Y Q,et al.1979a.Interpretation of gravity anomalies in frequency domain(A).Technol.Geophys.Geochem.Prospect(in Chinese),79(1):1-16.
Yang W C,Guo A Y,Xie Y Q,et al.1979b.Interpretation of gravity anomalies in frequency domain(B).Technol.Geophys.Geochem.Prospect(in Chinese),79(2):1-14.
Yang W C,Guo A Y,Zhao J X,et al.1978.Theory and methods for interpretation of gravity and magnetic anomalies in the frequency domain.Bull.Inst.Geophys.Geochem.Prospect(in Chinese),78(2):134-178.
Yang W C,Hou Z Z.1996.Partition of crustal density structure of Chinese continent.Continental Dynamics,1(2):7-11.
Yang W C,Hou Z Z.1997.Geophysical analysis of main minerogenetic belts in China.//Proc.30th Int 1.Geol.Congr.,20:112-120.
Yang W C.Hou Z Z.1997.Multi-scale analysis of the gravity field and partition of crustal density in China.Academic Periodical Abstracts of China(in Chinese),3(3):56-57.
Yang W C,Shi Z Q,Hou Z Z,et al.2001.Discrete wavelet transform for multiple decomposition of gravity anomalies.Chinese Journal of Geophysics(in Chinese),44(4):534-541.
高德章,侯遵泽,唐建.2000.东海及邻区重力异常多尺度分解.地球物理学报,43(6):842-849.
方盛明,余钦范,张先康.2001.中国东部及其邻域岩石圈底界面特征及地震活动性.地球物理学报,44(1):48-53.
侯遵泽,杨文采.1995.小波分析应用研究.物探化探计算技术,7(3):1-9.
侯遵泽,杨文采.1997.中国重力异常的小波变换与多尺度分析.地球物理学报,40(1):85-95.
侯遵泽,杨文采,刘家琦.1998.中国大陆地壳密度差异多尺度反演.地球物理学报,41(5):642-651.
侯遵泽,杨文采.2011.塔里木盆地多尺度重力场反演与密度结构.中国科学:地球科学,41(1):29-39.
李世雄,刘家琦.1994.小波变换与反演数学基础.北京:地质出版社.
马丽芳,丁孝忠,剧远景.2006.中国地质图集.北京:地质出版社.
杨文采.1985.位场数据的频谱分析技术(上).物化探计算技术,7(3):188-196.
杨文采.1986.位场数据的频谱分析技术(下).物化探计算技术,8(1):14-22.
杨文采.1997.地球物理反演的理论与方法.北京:地质出版社.
杨文采.2009.古特提斯域大地构造物理学(第七章).北京:石油工业出版社.
杨文采,郭爱缨,赵敬洗等.1978.重磁异常频率域解释的理论与方法.物化探研究报导,78(2):134-178.
杨文采,郭爱缨,谢玉清等.1979a.重磁异常在频率域的解释方法(上).物探化探计算技术,79(1):1-16.
杨文采,郭爱缨,谢玉清等.1979b.重磁异常在频率域的解释方法(下).物化探电子计算技术.79(2):1-14.
杨文采,侯遵泽.1997.中国重力场的多尺度分析和地壳密度分区.中国学术期刊文摘,3(3):56-57.
杨文采,施志群,侯遵泽等.2001.离散小波变换与重力异常多重分解.地球物理学报,44(4):534-541.
Cianciara B,Marcak H.1975.Interpretation of gravity anomalies by means of local power spectra.Geophysical Prospecting,24(2):273-286.
Daubechies I.1990.The wavelet transform,time frequency localization and signal analysis.IEEE Transactions on Information Theory,36(5):961-1006.
Fang S M,Yu Q F,Zhang X K.2001.Characteristics of the lithospheric bottom interface and seismicity in eastern China and its vicinity.Chinese Journal of Geophysics(in Chinese),44(1):48-53.
Gao D Z,Hou Z Z,Tang J.2000.Multi-scale analysis of gravity anomalies on East China Sea and adjacent regions.Chinese Journal of Geophysics(in Chinese),43(6):842-849.
Hou Z Z,Yang W C.1995.An operational research on the wavelet analysis.Computing Techniques for Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration(in Chinese),17(3):1-9.
Hou Z Z,Yang W C.1997.Two-dimensional wavelet transform and multiscale analysis of the gravity field of China.Chinese Journal of Geophysics(in Chinese),40(1):85-95.
Hou Z Z,Yang W C.2011.Multi-scale inversion of density structure from gravity anomalies in Tarim Basin.Science China Earth Sciences,54(3):399-409.
Hou Z Z,Yang W C,Liu J Q.1998.Multi-scale inversion of density distribution of the Chinese crust.Chinese Journal of Geophysics(in Chinese),41(5):642-651.
Li S X,Liu J Q.1994.Wavelet Transform and Mathematics of Inversion(in Chinese).Beijing:Geological Publishing House.
Ma L F,Ding X Z,Ju Y J.2006.Chinese Geological Map(in Chinese).Beijing:Geological Publishing House.
Mallat S G.1989.Multifrequency Channel decomposition and wavelet models.IEEE Transactions on Acoustics,37(12):2091-211.
Sybery F J R.1972.A Fourier method for the regional-residual problem of potential fields.Geophysical Prospecting,20(1):47-75.
Yang W C.1985.The power spectrum analysis of the field data(A).Technol.Geophys.Geochem.Prospect(in Chinese),7(3):188-196.
Yang W C.1986.The power spectrum analysis of the field data(B).Technol.Geophys.Geochem.Prospect(in Chinese),8(1):14-22.
Yang W C.1987.Generalized inversion applying in field data calculation.Chinese Journal of Geophysics(in Chinese),30:283-291.
Yang W C.1997.Theory and Methods in Geophysical Inversion(in Chinese).Beijing:Geological Publishing House.
Yang W C.2009.Tectonophysics in Paleo-Tethys domain.Chapter7(in Chinese).Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press.
Yang W C,Guo A Y,Xie Y Q,et al.1979a.Interpretation of gravity anomalies in frequency domain(A).Technol.Geophys.Geochem.Prospect(in Chinese),79(1):1-16.
Yang W C,Guo A Y,Xie Y Q,et al.1979b.Interpretation of gravity anomalies in frequency domain(B).Technol.Geophys.Geochem.Prospect(in Chinese),79(2):1-14.
Yang W C,Guo A Y,Zhao J X,et al.1978.Theory and methods for interpretation of gravity and magnetic anomalies in the frequency domain.Bull.Inst.Geophys.Geochem.Prospect(in Chinese),78(2):134-178.
Yang W C,Hou Z Z.1996.Partition of crustal density structure of Chinese continent.Continental Dynamics,1(2):7-11.
Yang W C,Hou Z Z.1997.Geophysical analysis of main minerogenetic belts in China.//Proc.30th Int 1.Geol.Congr.,20:112-120.
Yang W C.Hou Z Z.1997.Multi-scale analysis of the gravity field and partition of crustal density in China.Academic Periodical Abstracts of China(in Chinese),3(3):56-57.
Yang W C,Shi Z Q,Hou Z Z,et al.2001.Discrete wavelet transform for multiple decomposition of gravity anomalies.Chinese Journal of Geophysics(in Chinese),44(4):534-541.
高德章,侯遵泽,唐建.2000.东海及邻区重力异常多尺度分解.地球物理学报,43(6):842-849.
方盛明,余钦范,张先康.2001.中国东部及其邻域岩石圈底界面特征及地震活动性.地球物理学报,44(1):48-53.
侯遵泽,杨文采.1995.小波分析应用研究.物探化探计算技术,7(3):1-9.
侯遵泽,杨文采.1997.中国重力异常的小波变换与多尺度分析.地球物理学报,40(1):85-95.
侯遵泽,杨文采,刘家琦.1998.中国大陆地壳密度差异多尺度反演.地球物理学报,41(5):642-651.
侯遵泽,杨文采.2011.塔里木盆地多尺度重力场反演与密度结构.中国科学:地球科学,41(1):29-39.
李世雄,刘家琦.1994.小波变换与反演数学基础.北京:地质出版社.
马丽芳,丁孝忠,剧远景.2006.中国地质图集.北京:地质出版社.
杨文采.1985.位场数据的频谱分析技术(上).物化探计算技术,7(3):188-196.
杨文采.1986.位场数据的频谱分析技术(下).物化探计算技术,8(1):14-22.
杨文采.1997.地球物理反演的理论与方法.北京:地质出版社.
杨文采.2009.古特提斯域大地构造物理学(第七章).北京:石油工业出版社.
杨文采,郭爱缨,赵敬洗等.1978.重磁异常频率域解释的理论与方法.物化探研究报导,78(2):134-178.
杨文采,郭爱缨,谢玉清等.1979a.重磁异常在频率域的解释方法(上).物探化探计算技术,79(1):1-16.
杨文采,郭爱缨,谢玉清等.1979b.重磁异常在频率域的解释方法(下).物化探电子计算技术.79(2):1-14.
杨文采,侯遵泽.1997.中国重力场的多尺度分析和地壳密度分区.中国学术期刊文摘,3(3):56-57.
杨文采,施志群,侯遵泽等.2001.离散小波变换与重力异常多重分解.地球物理学报,44(4):534-541.
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