安徽淮北平原浅层地下水硝酸盐分布特征及污染来源分析
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摘要
地下水中硝酸盐污染是当今世界许多国家或地区普遍关注的问题,研究其分布特征意义重大。文章在水文地质调查基础上,通过取样分析,研究了安徽省淮北平原浅层地下水硝酸盐分布状况和污染来源,结果表明:硝酸盐含量在东北地区较高,在一定范围超过饮用水限制标准(88mg/L),最高达432.56mg/L,研究区南部较低;NO3-与Cl-的同步增长关系表明其主要来源为生活污物和人畜排泄物,且该地区的农田肥料和污水灌溉很可能是另一主要来源;根据R型因子分析发现研究区内浅层地下水水质主要受到三方面的影响,即自然作用、自然与人为的混合作用和人为作用,且贡献率分别为39%、28%、15%。而人为作用中硝酸盐的相关度最高,因此建议加强研究区内人类活动中硝酸盐氮污染控制。
Nitrate pollution in groundwater is an issue of common concern in many countries and regions in the world nowadays.It is of great importance to study the distribution features of the pollution.This paper,based on hydrogeological survey and sample analysis,studied the distribution and polluting source of nitrate in shallow groundwater in the Huaibei plain in Anhui Province,indicating that the content of nitrate is higher in the northeastern part of the area studied,even higher than the standard(88mg/L) for drinkable water in a certain range of area,with the maximum being 432.56mg/L,and lower in the southern.The increase of NO3-keeping pace with Cl-suggests that the major polluting source is living sewage,human and animal excrements,probably joined by farmland fertilizer and irrigating sewage.R factor analysis indicates that the shallow groundwater quality is largely affected by the operation of the nature,mixed action by human and nature,and human action,which contribute 39%,28% and 15% respectively,and nitrate pollution has the highest correlation with human action.So a suggestion is to strengthen control of nitrate nitrogen pollution from human activities in the area studied.
Nitrate pollution in groundwater is an issue of common concern in many countries and regions in the world nowadays.It is of great importance to study the distribution features of the pollution.This paper,based on hydrogeological survey and sample analysis,studied the distribution and polluting source of nitrate in shallow groundwater in the Huaibei plain in Anhui Province,indicating that the content of nitrate is higher in the northeastern part of the area studied,even higher than the standard(88mg/L) for drinkable water in a certain range of area,with the maximum being 432.56mg/L,and lower in the southern.The increase of NO3-keeping pace with Cl-suggests that the major polluting source is living sewage,human and animal excrements,probably joined by farmland fertilizer and irrigating sewage.R factor analysis indicates that the shallow groundwater quality is largely affected by the operation of the nature,mixed action by human and nature,and human action,which contribute 39%,28% and 15% respectively,and nitrate pollution has the highest correlation with human action.So a suggestion is to strengthen control of nitrate nitrogen pollution from human activities in the area studied.
引文
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[10]Negrel P,Pauwels H.Interaction between the different water bodies in catchments in Brittany(France)characterizing multiple sources in waters through isotopic tracing[J].Water,Air and Soil Pollution:Focus,2003,3(3):261～285.
[11]龚建师,叶念军,顾慰祖,等.淮北平原水文地球化学简析[G].全国地下水资源与环境学术研讨会论文,2005:646～651.
[2]Poinke HB,Urban JB.Effect of agricultural land-use on groundwater quality in a small Pennsylvania watershed[J].Ground Water,1985,23:68～80.
[3]李保国,白由路,胡克林,等.黄淮海平原浅层地下水中NO 3-N含量的空间变异与分布特征[J].中国工程科学,2001,(3):42～45.
[4]胡克林,李保国,陈德立.区域浅层地下水埋深和水质的空间变异性特征[J].水科学进展,2000,11(4):409～415.
[5]李保国,胡克林,黄元仿,等.区域浅层地下水硝酸盐含量评价的指示克立格法[J].水利学报,2001,(3):1～5.
[6]王瑞久,张作辰,李励红.河南鸭河口电厂地下水化学成分背景调查[J].水文地质工程地质,1999,(1):24～31.
[7]Brenot A,Baran N,Petelet-Giraud E,et al.Interaction between different water bodies in a small catchment in the Paris basin(Brevilles,France):Tracing of multiple Sr sources through Sr isotopes coupled with Mg/Sr and Ca/Sr ratios[J].Applied Geochemis try,2008,23(1):58～75.
[8]Negrel P,Petelet-Giraud E.Strontium iso topes as tracers of groundwater-induced floods:the Somme case study(France)[J].Journal of Hydrology,2005,305(14):99～119.
[9]Aiuppa A,Bellomoa S,Bruscab L,et a1.Nat ural and anthropogenic factors affecting groundwater quality of an active volcano(Mt.Etna,Italy)[J].Applied Geochemistry,2003,18(6):863～882.
[10]Negrel P,Pauwels H.Interaction between the different water bodies in catchments in Brittany(France)characterizing multiple sources in waters through isotopic tracing[J].Water,Air and Soil Pollution:Focus,2003,3(3):261～285.
[11]龚建师,叶念军,顾慰祖,等.淮北平原水文地球化学简析[G].全国地下水资源与环境学术研讨会论文,2005:646～651.
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