铜陵市酸雨时空分布特征及其成因分析
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摘要
文章利用铜陵市2006-2010年的酸雨观测数据、降水化学分析资料和常规空气质量及气象资料,结合多种统计分析方法,系统地研究了铜陵市酸雨的分布特征、化学组成特征,并对其成因进行了初步探讨。结果表明:铜陵市的酸雨污染日趋严重,降水酸度在秋、冬季略高,郊区酸雨较城区严重;铜陵市的酸雨污染属于硫酸型,SO42-和NO3-是主要的阴离子,Ca2+和NH4+是主要的阳离子,各种离子浓度具有明显的局地差异,郊区低于城区,Ca2+和NH4+对降水酸度影响较为显著;铜陵市酸雨污染受区域性酸雨污染和本地污染源共同影响。
Based on acid rain observation data,chemical components of precipitation data,routine air quality monitoring data and surface meteorological observation data collected in Tongling City during 2006-2010,a comprehensive analysis of the distribution,chemical composition and causes of acid rain in Tongling City is carried out based on multiple statistic methods.The results show an increase of acid rain pollution in Tongling City and a higher acidity of precipitation in autumn and winter than in other seasons.The acid rain pollution is more serious in suburban areas than in urban areas.Analysis of chemical composition of the rainfall samples suggests a typical sulfate-type acid rain in this city,in which SO42-and NO3-are the major anions,and Ca2+ and NH4+ are the major cations.The chemical composition of ions shows a strong regional difference with a higher concentration in urban areas and a lower one in suburban areas,and the impact of Ca2+ and NH4+ on the precipitation acidity is more significant.The acid rain pollution in Tongling City is affected by regional and local air pollutants.
Based on acid rain observation data,chemical components of precipitation data,routine air quality monitoring data and surface meteorological observation data collected in Tongling City during 2006-2010,a comprehensive analysis of the distribution,chemical composition and causes of acid rain in Tongling City is carried out based on multiple statistic methods.The results show an increase of acid rain pollution in Tongling City and a higher acidity of precipitation in autumn and winter than in other seasons.The acid rain pollution is more serious in suburban areas than in urban areas.Analysis of chemical composition of the rainfall samples suggests a typical sulfate-type acid rain in this city,in which SO42-and NO3-are the major anions,and Ca2+ and NH4+ are the major cations.The chemical composition of ions shows a strong regional difference with a higher concentration in urban areas and a lower one in suburban areas,and the impact of Ca2+ and NH4+ on the precipitation acidity is more significant.The acid rain pollution in Tongling City is affected by regional and local air pollutants.
引文
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[2]汤洁,徐晓斌,巴金,等.1992—2006年中国降水酸度的变化趋势[J].科学通报,2010,55(8):705-712.
[3]石春娥,邱明燕,张爱民,等.安徽省酸雨分布特征和发展趋势及其影响因子[J].环境科学,2010,31(6):1675-1681.
[4]甘昊,孙世群,王朝飞,等.铜陵市酸雨变化趋势分析[J].合肥工业大学学报:自然科学版,2008,31(5):752-754,767.
[5]黄一,孙世群,王辉.铜陵市酸雨成因分析[J].安徽化工,2007,33(2):51-54.
[6]汤洁,徐晓斌,杨志彪,等.电导率加和性质及其在酸雨观测数据质量评估中的应用[J].应用气象学报,2008,19(4):385-392.
[7]东亚地区酸沉降监测网中国分中心.东亚地区酸沉降监测技术指南[M].北京:中国环境科学出版社,2002:74-77.
[8]黄向峰.EANET中的质量控制在酸雨监测中的运用[J].广东化工,2008,35(7):134-136.
[9]程新金,黄美元.降水化学特性的一种分类分析方法[J].气候与环境研究,1998,3(1):82-88.
[10]王文兴,丁国安.中国降水酸度和离子浓度的时空分布[J].环境科学研究,1997,10(2):1-7.
[11]Abhay.Precipitation chemistry and occurrence of acid rainover Dhanbad,coal city of India[R].Environ Monit As-sess,2007.
[12]冯砚青.中国酸雨状况和自然成因综述及防治对策探究[J].云南地理环境研究,2004,16(1):25-28.
[13]王韬.中国酸雨沉降机制、输送态势及调控原理”项目总结报告[R].北京:中国环境科学研究院,2009.
目录
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