区域划分对合肥市水资源生态足迹的积极影响
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摘要
在维持原始生态足迹理论框架不变的情况下,基于水资源生态足迹的理念,分别介绍了水资源生态足迹的计算方法和水资源生态承载力的计算方法,扼要介绍了区域划分前后新老合肥的人口、土地及水资源情况;分别计算和分析了新老合肥市从2008—2010年间的水资源生态足迹和生态承载力,计算和分析了新老合肥的生态盈余。在区域划分前,老合肥的水资源呈现盈余,但盈余量不大,如果出现干旱天气,则可能出现赤字;在区域划分之后,新合肥比老合肥的水资源承载力明显增大,显现出很大的生态盈余,因此新合肥在水资源方面的可持续发展是安全的。由于新合肥水资源的生态盈余主要来自巢湖,因此,如何保护巢湖水资源就显得尤为重要。
With the theory of keeping the original footprint unchangeable,the paper introduces the ecological footprint theory of water resource and the computing methods of ecological footprint of water resource and its bearing capacity,and then presents the population,land and water resource of Hefei before and after the partition.Its ecological footprint of water resource and bearing capacity from 2008 to 2010 have been calculated and its ecological surplus has been analyzed respectively.Before the partition,Hefei's water resource appeared to be surplus,but not abundant,and if there should be a drought time there would be a deficit.However,after the partition its water resource bearing capacity increases greatly,and appears much surplus so that the sustainable development is probable.Because the ecological surplus comes mainly from Chao Lake,protecting its water resource is very important.
With the theory of keeping the original footprint unchangeable,the paper introduces the ecological footprint theory of water resource and the computing methods of ecological footprint of water resource and its bearing capacity,and then presents the population,land and water resource of Hefei before and after the partition.Its ecological footprint of water resource and bearing capacity from 2008 to 2010 have been calculated and its ecological surplus has been analyzed respectively.Before the partition,Hefei's water resource appeared to be surplus,but not abundant,and if there should be a drought time there would be a deficit.However,after the partition its water resource bearing capacity increases greatly,and appears much surplus so that the sustainable development is probable.Because the ecological surplus comes mainly from Chao Lake,protecting its water resource is very important.
引文
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[2]Wackenagel M,William E R.Our Ecological Footprint:Reducing Human Impact on the Earth[M].GabriolaIsoland,B C:New Society Pub Lishers,1996:2-17.
[3]Wackenagel M.An Evaluation of the Ecological Footprint[J].EcolEconom,1999(31):315-320.
[4]Wang S H,Mao H Y,Wang Z J.Progress in Research ofEcological Footprint all over the World[J].Journal ofNatural Resources,2002,17(6):775-782.
[5]王书华,毛汉英,王忠静.生态足迹研究的国内外近期进展[J].自然资源学报,2002,17(6):775-782.
[6]吴隆杰,杨林,苏昕.近年来生态足迹研究进展[J].中国农业大学学报,2006,11(3):1-8.
[7]刘淼,胡远满,李月辉,等.生态足迹方法及研究进展[J].生态学杂志,2006,25(3):334-339.
[8]章锦河,张捷.国外生态足迹理论修正与前沿研究进展[J].资源科学,2006,28(6):196-203.
[9]周文华,张克锋,王如松.城市水生态足迹研究——以北京市为例[J].环境科学学报,2006,26(9):1524-1531.
[10]吴志峰,胡永红,李定强,等.城市水生态足迹变化分析与模拟[J].资源科学,2006,28(5):152-156.
[11]马静,汪党献,来海亮,等.中国区域水足迹的估算[J].资源科学,2005,27(5):96-100.
[12]刘宝勤,封志明,姚治君.虚拟水研究的理论、方法及其主要进展[J].资源科学,2006,28(1):120-126.
[13]黎瑞波,蒋菊生.生态足迹分析模型及其研究现状[J].华南热带农业大学学报,2004,10(2):12-14.
[14]徐中民,程国栋,张志强.生态足迹方法:可持续性定量研究的新方法——以张掖地区1995年的生态足迹计算为例[J].生态学报,2001,21(9):1484-1493.
[15]李金平,王志石.澳门2001年生态足迹分析[J].自然资源学报,2003,18(2):197-203.
[16]杨志峰,崔保山.生态环境需水量概念界定及特征[M]∥姚平录,刘卓澄.生态环境需水量理论、方法与实践.北京:科学出版社,2003:36-37.
[17]张岳.中国水资源与可持续发展[M].南宁:广西科学技术出版社,2000:2-3,120-125.
[18]张岳.21世纪水危机与节水[J].水利水电科学进展,1997(2):2-9.
[19]水利电力部水文局.中国水资源评价[M].北京:中国水利水电出版社,1987:140-144.
[20]王治国,樊华,孙保平,等.基于生态足迹理论的陕北生态环境可持续发展研究[M].北京:中国水利水电出版社,2011:1.
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