巢湖流域农田氮磷污染物径流流失及淋溶特性
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摘要
分别对巢湖流域水田和旱田降雨径流和雨水淋溶污染情况进行了测定,测定结果表明:水田径流中氨氮、硝态氮、溶解磷和COD浓度明显高于旱田径流中相应污染物浓度值,水田径流中总磷浓度在部分测定时间相差不大,其余测点值均高于旱田径流中总磷浓度值。水田淋溶液中氨氮和硝态氮浓度同旱田淋溶液中相差不大,多数情况下水田淋溶液中溶解磷和总磷浓度同旱田淋溶液中相差不大;淋溶液中氨氮、硝态氮、溶解磷、总磷浓度均显著高于径流中;水田淋溶液中COD值略低于水田径流中COD值;旱田淋溶液中COD浓度均值与旱田径流中COD浓度均值相差不大。
Determination of farmland runoff pollution and eluviation in paddy field and dry land was carried out,the results showed that the concentration of ammonia nitrogen,nitrate,dissolved phosphorus and COD in paddy field runoff was higher than that in dry land runoff. The concentrations of total phosphorus in paddy field and dry land runoff were almost the same in part of the determination time,while which was higher in the paddy field runoff. In the eluviating solution,the concentration difference of ammonia nitrogen and nitrate was small,and the concentrations of dissolved phosphorus and total phosphorus were almost the same in most of the determination time. Compared with the farmland runoff,higher concentrations of ammonia nitrogen,nitrate,dissolved phosphorus and total phosphorus were observed in eluviating solution. In paddy field,the concentration of COD in eluviating solution was lower than that in the runoff,while the concentration difference of COD in eluviating solution was almost the same in the runoff in dry land.
Determination of farmland runoff pollution and eluviation in paddy field and dry land was carried out,the results showed that the concentration of ammonia nitrogen,nitrate,dissolved phosphorus and COD in paddy field runoff was higher than that in dry land runoff. The concentrations of total phosphorus in paddy field and dry land runoff were almost the same in part of the determination time,while which was higher in the paddy field runoff. In the eluviating solution,the concentration difference of ammonia nitrogen and nitrate was small,and the concentrations of dissolved phosphorus and total phosphorus were almost the same in most of the determination time. Compared with the farmland runoff,higher concentrations of ammonia nitrogen,nitrate,dissolved phosphorus and total phosphorus were observed in eluviating solution. In paddy field,the concentration of COD in eluviating solution was lower than that in the runoff,while the concentration difference of COD in eluviating solution was almost the same in the runoff in dry land.
引文
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[2]谭绮球,苏柱华,郑业鲁.国外治理农业面源污染的成功经验及对广东的启示[J].广东农业科学,2008(8):67-71.
[3]崔键,马友华,赵艳萍,等.农业面源污染的特性及防治对策[J].中国农学通报,2006(1):335-340.
[4]魏复盛,齐文启,毕彤,等.水和废水监测分析方法[M].4版.北京:中国环境科学出版社,2002:104-105,2002:209-213,2002:243-248,2002:276-281.
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