淮河流域安徽段水系沉积物中重金属的分布与赋存形态
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摘要
基于对淮河流域安徽段水系中7条河流的21个沉积物样品的实验研究,获得了Cd、Pb、Mn和Ba等4种重金属的含量数据,分析了沉积物中重金属的分布特征和赋存形态。在此基础上,应用地积累指数法综合评价了沉积物中重金属的污染状况;结果表明:研究区内水系沉积物中的Mn和Cd主要以弱酸提取态与结晶态的形式赋存,Ba主要以结晶态的形式出现,Pb主要以可还原态和结晶态的形式赋存;重金属的分布受多种因素的影响,在研究区水系沉积物中的分布存在一定规律;研究区水系沉积物中重金属污染总体较轻微,部分河段沉积物中出现了Cd和Mn的污染迹象。
Based on the experimental study of 21 sediment samples from seven rivers of the Anhui section in the Huaihe River Basin,the content of four heavy metals including Cd,Pb,Mn and Ba is obtained.By making use of the content data,the distribution characteristics and occupied state of heavy metals in the sediment are analyzed.The pollution state of heavy metals in sediment is assessed by the index of geo-accumulation.The research results show that some heavy metals(such as Mn and Cd) existed in sediment for weak acid extraction and crystallization,and Ba for crystallization,Pb for reduction and crystallization.The distribution of heavy metals is regular to some degree and affected by some factors.The heavy metal pollution was comparatively light in sediment of the rivers of the Anhui section in the Huaihe River Basin,and Cd and Mn contamination happened in sediment of some rivers.
Based on the experimental study of 21 sediment samples from seven rivers of the Anhui section in the Huaihe River Basin,the content of four heavy metals including Cd,Pb,Mn and Ba is obtained.By making use of the content data,the distribution characteristics and occupied state of heavy metals in the sediment are analyzed.The pollution state of heavy metals in sediment is assessed by the index of geo-accumulation.The research results show that some heavy metals(such as Mn and Cd) existed in sediment for weak acid extraction and crystallization,and Ba for crystallization,Pb for reduction and crystallization.The distribution of heavy metals is regular to some degree and affected by some factors.The heavy metal pollution was comparatively light in sediment of the rivers of the Anhui section in the Huaihe River Basin,and Cd and Mn contamination happened in sediment of some rivers.
引文
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[15]朱兰保,盛蒂,周开胜,等.淮河安徽段沉积物中重金属污染及其潜在生态风险评价[J].环境与健康杂志,2007,24(10):784-786.
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[2]Ciszewski D.Pollution of Mala Panew River sediments byheavy metals:partⅠ.effect of changes in river bed mor-phology[J].Polish Journal of Environmental Studies,2004,13(6):589-595.
[3]Ciszewski D,Malik I,Szwarczewski P.Pollution of MalaPanew River sediments by heavy metals:partⅡ.effect ofchanges in river valley morphology[J].Polish Journal ofEnvironmental Studies,2004,13(6):597-605.
[4]Morillo J,Usero J,Gracia I.Heavy metal fractionation insediments from the Tinto River,Spain[J].InternationalJournal of Environmental Analytical Chemistry,2002,82(4):245-257.
[5]Jain C K.Metal fractionation study on bed sediments ofRiver Yamuna,India[J].Water Research,2004,38(3):569-578.
[6]张朝生,王立军,章申.长江中下游河流沉积物和悬浮物中金属元素的形态特征[J].中国环境科学,1995,15(5):342-347.
[7]杨宏伟,张毅.黄河(喇嘛湾段)沉积物中Cu、Pb、Zn、Cd的化学形态研究[J].中国环境检测,2002,18(5):13-15.
[8]杨宏伟,焦小宝,郭博书.黄河(清水河段)表层沉积物中8种重金属的存在形式[J].环境化学,2002,21(3):309-310.
[9]杨宏伟,焦小宝,王小丽.黄河(清水河段)沉积物中重金属的存在形式[J].环境科学与技术,2002,25(3):24-26.
[10]郁亚娟,黄宏,王晓栋,等.淮河沉积物中重金属的测定和污染评价[J].环境科学研究,2003,16(6):26-28.
[11]黄宏,郁亚娟,王晓栋,等.淮河沉积物中重金属污染及潜在生态危害评价[J].环境污染与防治,2004,26(3):207-208.
[12]周福来,严家平.淮河淮南段河道沉积物中几种重金属元素模拟淋溶实验研究[J].能源环境保护,2004,18(4):20-23.
[13]贺勇,黄河,严家平.淮河中下游底泥中的重金属与有机质研究[J].安徽建筑工业学院学报(自然科学版),2005,13(6):79-82.
[14]陈孝杨,黄河,桑宏庆.应用地积累指数法评价淮河淮南段沉积物中重金属污染[J].安徽科技学院学报,2006,20(2):35-38.
[15]朱兰保,盛蒂,周开胜,等.淮河安徽段沉积物中重金属污染及其潜在生态风险评价[J].环境与健康杂志,2007,24(10):784-786.
[16]Rauret G,Lopez S J F,Sahuquillo A,et al.Improvementof the BCR three-step sequential extraction procedure pri-or to the certification of new sediment and soil referencematerials[J].Environ Monit,1999,(1):57-61.
[17]魏复盛,陈静生,吴燕玉,等.中国土壤环境背景值研究[J].环境科学,1991,12(4):12-19.
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