合肥市南淝河表层沉积物重金属污染评价
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摘要
对合肥市南淝河表层沉积物中重金属污染状况进行采样调查,选取了8个采样点,测定了沉积物中Cr、Cd、Pb、Ni、Zn、Cu 6种重金属的含量,并采用地质累积指数法和Hakanson潜在生态风险指数法对其污染程度进行分析评价。地质累积指数评价结果表明:南淝河6种重金属的生态风险等级由强至弱依次为Cd、Zn、Cu、Ni、Pb、Cr;生态风险指数评价结果显示:在南淝河沉积物重金属中,Cd存在一定的潜在生态风险,Cr、Pb、Ni、Zn、Cu均处于轻微等级,重金属生态风险等级由强至弱依次为Cd、Cu、Ni、Pb、Zn、Cr,多数采样点的沉积物重金属综合潜在生态风险等级处于轻微级,个别采样点达到了中等甚至强生态风险等级。
The pollution situation of heavy metals in surface sediments of Nanfei River in Hefei was investigated.Selecting 8 monitoring points,the concentration of Cr,Cd,Pb,Ni,Zn and Cu in the samples were measured,and the pollution degree were analyzed and evaluated by geo-accumulation index and Hakanson potential ecological risks index.The results indicated that,based on the geo-accumulation index,the ecological risk levels of the six kinds of heavy metals in Nanfei River from strong to weak was in an order of Cd,Zn,Cu,Ni,Pb and Cr;according to the Hakanson potential ecological risk index,the risk of Cr,Pb,Ni,Zn and Cu belonged to "slight" level,while the risk of Cd was a little bit serious.From strong to weak,the ecological risk order of the heavy metals was Cd,Cu,Ni,Pb,Zn and Cr.It could be seen that,for most monitoring points,the synthetic potential ecological risk of the heavy metals in sediments of Nanfei River belonged to "slight" level;however,for some individual points,the risk achieved middle or even high level.
The pollution situation of heavy metals in surface sediments of Nanfei River in Hefei was investigated.Selecting 8 monitoring points,the concentration of Cr,Cd,Pb,Ni,Zn and Cu in the samples were measured,and the pollution degree were analyzed and evaluated by geo-accumulation index and Hakanson potential ecological risks index.The results indicated that,based on the geo-accumulation index,the ecological risk levels of the six kinds of heavy metals in Nanfei River from strong to weak was in an order of Cd,Zn,Cu,Ni,Pb and Cr;according to the Hakanson potential ecological risk index,the risk of Cr,Pb,Ni,Zn and Cu belonged to "slight" level,while the risk of Cd was a little bit serious.From strong to weak,the ecological risk order of the heavy metals was Cd,Cu,Ni,Pb,Zn and Cr.It could be seen that,for most monitoring points,the synthetic potential ecological risk of the heavy metals in sediments of Nanfei River belonged to "slight" level;however,for some individual points,the risk achieved middle or even high level.
引文
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[10]冯慕华,龙江平,喻龙,等.辽东湾东部浅水区沉积物中重金属潜在生态评价[J].海洋科学,2003,27(3):52-56.
[11]徐争启,倪师军,庹先国,等.潜在生态危害指数法评价中重金属毒性系数的计算[J].环境科学与技术,2008,31(2):112-115.
[12]胡秀琳,赵立新,廖日红,等.温榆河沉积物中重金属污染评价[J].北京水务,2011,(4):23-26.
[2]Forstner U.Lecture Notes in Earth Sciences(Contaminated Sedi-ments)[M].Berlin:Springer Verleg,1989.107-109.
[3]Lars Hakanson L.An ecological risk index for aquatic pollutioncontrol:A sedimentological approach[J].Water Research,1980,14(8):975-1001.
[4]陈静生,陶澍,邓宝山,等.水环境化学[M].北京:高等教育出版社,1987.107-109.
[5]贾振邦,周华,赵智杰,等.应用地积累指数法评价太子河沉积物中重金属污染[J].北京大学学报(自然科学版),2000,36(4):39-42.
[6]Hilton J,Davison W,Ochsenbein U.A mathematical model foranalysis of sediment coke data:implications for environment factorcalculation and trace transport mechanisms[J].Chemical Geology,1985,48(2):281-291.
[7]刘文新,栾兆坤,汤鸿霄.应用多变量脸谱法进行河流与湖泊表层沉积物重金属污染状况的综合对比研究[J].环境化学,1997,16(1):23-29.
[8]张珂,王朝晖,冯杰,等.胶州湾表层沉积物重金属分布特征及污染评价[J].分析测试学报,2011,30(12):1406-1411.
[9]刘文新,栾兆坤,汤鸿霄.乐安江沉积物中金属污染的潜在生态风险评价[J].生态学报,1999,19(2):206-211.
[10]冯慕华,龙江平,喻龙,等.辽东湾东部浅水区沉积物中重金属潜在生态评价[J].海洋科学,2003,27(3):52-56.
[11]徐争启,倪师军,庹先国,等.潜在生态危害指数法评价中重金属毒性系数的计算[J].环境科学与技术,2008,31(2):112-115.
[12]胡秀琳,赵立新,廖日红,等.温榆河沉积物中重金属污染评价[J].北京水务,2011,(4):23-26.
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