基于污染负荷指数法评价淮河(安徽段)底泥中重金属污染研究
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摘要
采用电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法(ICP-AES)对淮河(安徽段)27个底泥样品中的重金属元素进行测试,分析了Cu,Pb,Zn,Cr,Co,V,Mn共7种元素的含量分布特征,并基于Tomlinson提出的污染负荷指数(PLI)法对重金属进行了污染评价.结果表明,淮河(安徽段)整体上受到的污染较轻微,其中只有凤台到淮南段的PLI值为1.28,属中等污染.各重金属污染程度排序为Cr>Co>Mn=Cu>Pb>Zn>V,其中Cr的含量是背景值的6.72倍,是淮河水体(安徽段)的主要污染物,其原因可能与该地区煤矿开采和电厂的污染排放有关.
27 sediment samples of Huaihe River(Anhui Section) were collected and the contents of 7 heavy metal elements(Cu,Pb,Zn,Cr,Co,V,Mn) in the sediments were analyzed by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry(ICP-AES).The pollution degree of heavy metals was evaluated by the method of pollution load index(PLI) proposed by Tomlinson.The results show that the Anhui Section of Huaihe River is slightly polluted on the whole,with only the stretch from Fengtai to Huainan reaching a level of moderate pollution at the PLI value of 1.28.The degree of heavy metal pollution is in the descent order of Cr>Co>Mn=Cu>Pb>Zn>V.Among the 7 kinds of heavy metal elements,Cr is the main pollutant of Huaihe River(Anhui Section) whose concentration is 6.72 times higher than the background value.This may be due to coal mining and pollutants from the emissions of power plants in the region.
27 sediment samples of Huaihe River(Anhui Section) were collected and the contents of 7 heavy metal elements(Cu,Pb,Zn,Cr,Co,V,Mn) in the sediments were analyzed by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry(ICP-AES).The pollution degree of heavy metals was evaluated by the method of pollution load index(PLI) proposed by Tomlinson.The results show that the Anhui Section of Huaihe River is slightly polluted on the whole,with only the stretch from Fengtai to Huainan reaching a level of moderate pollution at the PLI value of 1.28.The degree of heavy metal pollution is in the descent order of Cr>Co>Mn=Cu>Pb>Zn>V.Among the 7 kinds of heavy metal elements,Cr is the main pollutant of Huaihe River(Anhui Section) whose concentration is 6.72 times higher than the background value.This may be due to coal mining and pollutants from the emissions of power plants in the region.
引文
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[16]Cui Longpeng,Bai Jianfeng,Huang Wenhui,et al.Environmental trace elements in coal mining wastes inHuainan coal field[J].Geochemical,2004,33(5):535-540.崔龙鹏,白建峰,黄文辉,等.淮南煤田煤矸石中环境意义微量元素的丰度[J].地球化学,2004,33(5):535-540.
[2]Fan Chengxin,Zhu Yuxin,Ji Zhijun,et al.Characteristics of the Pollution of Heavy Metals in theSediments of Yilihe River,Taihu Basin[J].Journal ofLake Sciences,2002,14(3):235-241.范成新,朱育新,吉志军,等.太湖宜溧河水系沉积物的重金属污染特征[J].湖泊科学,2002,14(3):235-241.
[3]Jia Zhengbang,Huo Wenyi,Zhao Zhijie,et al.Secondary phase enrichment factor for evaluation ofheavy metal pollution of sediment in the Chai River[J].Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Pekinensis,2000,36(6):808-812.贾振邦,霍文毅,赵智杰,等.应用次生相富集系数评价柴河沉积物重金属污染[J].北京大学学报(自然科学版),2000,36(6):808-812.
[4]Qi Yan,Cheng Yingxiang,Liu Zhan,et al.Pollutionand potential ecological risk assessment of heavy metalsin river sediments[J].Sichuan Environment,2011,30(6):104-107.漆燕,成应向,刘湛,等.河流底泥重金属污染及潜在生态风险评价[J].四川环境,2011,30(6):104-107.
[5]Huang Xianfei,Hu Jiwei,Deng Jiajun,et al.Pollutionand potential ecological risk of heavy metals in bottomsediments from Aha Lake[C]//APCChE Congress.Dalian,China:2008:263-268.
[6]Chen Xiaoyang,Huang He,Sang Hongqing.Theapplication of the index of geoaccumulation to evaluateheavy metal pollution in sediments in the HuainanSection of the Huaihe River[J].Journal of AnhuiScience and Technology University,2006,20(2):35-38.陈孝扬,黄河,桑洪庆.应用地积累指数法评价淮河淮南段沉积物中重金属污染[J].安徽科技学院学报,2006,20(2):35-38.
[7]Li Liang,Zhou Beihai,Hu Xiaozhen,et al.Assessment on heavy metal contamination degree andpotential ecological risk in Lake Dianchi[C]//StuttgartUniversity of Applied Sciences.Proceedings of 2009Beijing International Environmental TechnologyConference.Beijing:Water&Wastewater EngineerMagazine,2009:125-131.
[8]Chen Jingsheng.Water Environmental Chemistry[M].Beijing:Higher Education Press,1987.陈静生.水环境化学[M].北京:高等教育出版社,1987.
[9]Xu Zhengqi,Ni Shijun,Zhang Chengjiang,et al.Assessment on heavy metals in the sediments of JinshaRiver in Panzhihua Area by pollution load index[J].Sichuan Environment,2004,23(3):64-67.徐争启,倪师军,张成江,等.应用污染负荷指数法评价攀枝花地区金沙江水系沉积物中的重金属[J].四川环境,2004,23(3):64-67.
[10]Jia Zhenbang,Wang An,Wu Ping,et al.Use thefaces graph to evaluate heavy metal pollution insediment at Benxi Section of Taizi River[J].ActaScientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Pekinensis,1993,29(6):736-744.贾振邦,汪安,吴平,等.用脸谱图对太子河本溪市区段河流沉积物中重金属污染进行评价的研究[J].北京大学学报(自然科学版),1993,29(6):736-744.
[11]Chen Bingru,Yang Shaojin,Qian Qinfang,et al.Theconcentration distribution of As,Se,Cr,U,Th inChinas coal mine[J].Environmental Science,1989,10(6):23-27.陈冰如,杨绍晋,钱琴芳,等.中国煤矿样中砷、硒、铬、铀、钍元素的含量分布[J].环境科学,1989,10(6):23-27.
[12]Zhao Yongxin,Xu Zhengqi,Teng Yanguo,et al.Geochemical characteristics of heavy metal in smeltingwaste residue produced by Panzhihua Steelworks andits enviromental effect[J].Guangdong Trace ElementsScience,2011,18(7):63-70.赵永鑫,徐争启,滕彦国,等.攀钢冶炼废渣中重金属地球化学特征及其环境效应[J].广东微量元素科学,2011,18(7):63-70.
[13]Zhao Jing,Fan Biwei,Wu Shizhong.Characteristicsand assessment of soil contamination by heavy metals inthe industrial zone of Panzhihua Iron&Steel Group Co[J].Sichuan Environment,2007,26(3):67-70.赵晶,范必威,武仕忠.攀枝花市攀钢工业区土壤重金属污染特征及评价[J].四川环境,2007,26(3):67-70.
[14]Lv Da,Zheng Xiangmin,ZhouLi,et al.Magneticdiagnosis of heavy metal pollution in sediments ofChongming Wetland[J].Research of EnvironmentalSciences,2007,20(6):38-43.吕达,郑祥民,周立,等.崇明东滩湿地沉积物重金属污染的磁诊断[J].环境科学研究,2007,20(6):38-43.
[15]Cai Feng,Liu Zegong,Lin Boquan,et al.Study ontrace elements in gangue in Huainan mining area[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2008,33(8):892-897.蔡峰,刘泽功,林柏泉,等.淮南矿区煤矸石中微量元素的研究[J].煤炭学报,2008,33(8):892-897.
[16]Cui Longpeng,Bai Jianfeng,Huang Wenhui,et al.Environmental trace elements in coal mining wastes inHuainan coal field[J].Geochemical,2004,33(5):535-540.崔龙鹏,白建峰,黄文辉,等.淮南煤田煤矸石中环境意义微量元素的丰度[J].地球化学,2004,33(5):535-540.
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