天文因素与地震灾害关系研究的进展
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摘要
现代科学研究表明,地震活动与众多天文因素的变化有程度不等的联系,本文主要介绍了天文因素与地震灾害关系领域近年来的研究进展,归纳和描述了引起地震活动性变化的主要天文因素,文中详细讨论了地球自转速率变化、太阳活动、日月引潮力变化对地震活动影响的研究进展,对可能影响地震灾害的其他一些天文因子,如地磁变化、极移等作了初步的分析.
Modern science has proved that the seismicity is related to a lot of astronomical factors in varying degrees.The paper introduces the researches upon earthquake occurrence and astronomical factors in recently years.The main astronomical factors contributed to the earthquake occurrence are classified and described respectively in the paper.We mainly review the progress in researches on the influence of Earth rotation variation,solar activity and luni-solar tidal force variation on earthquake,and give a preliminary review on other factors,such as polar motion,geomagnetic field variations etc.
Modern science has proved that the seismicity is related to a lot of astronomical factors in varying degrees.The paper introduces the researches upon earthquake occurrence and astronomical factors in recently years.The main astronomical factors contributed to the earthquake occurrence are classified and described respectively in the paper.We mainly review the progress in researches on the influence of Earth rotation variation,solar activity and luni-solar tidal force variation on earthquake,and give a preliminary review on other factors,such as polar motion,geomagnetic field variations etc.
引文
[1]李四光.地球表面形象变迁之主因[J].中国地质学会志,1926,5(3~4):209~262.
[2]Stoyko A.Rotationdelaterre phenomenes geophysiques et ac-tivite du soleil[J].Bulletin Academic Royale Belique,1969,5(55):279~285.
[3]张焕志.地球自转速度变化与地震活动的相关性[A].天文地球动力学文集[C].中国科学院上海天文台,1979,97~107.
[4]Varga P,Gambis D,Bus Z,et al.Fundamental astronomy:new concepts and models for high accuracy observations[A].edited by N.Capitaine,Paris:Observatoire de Paris,2005,115~120.
[5]周永宏,郑大伟.地球自转变化与中国大陆地震活动关系的初步分析[J].上海台年刊,1994,15:1~8.
[6]韩延本,郭增建,赵娟,等.地球自转速率变化与中国西部的大地震[J].国际地震动态,2003,6(Serial No.294):1~5.
[7]安欧.全球大震活动与地球自转速率的关系[J].华北地震科学,1985,3(1):56~67.
[8]Shopov Y Y,Stoykova D A,Tsankov L T,et al.Influence ofthe solar luminosity on the glaciations,sea level changes andresulting earthquakes[A].American Geophysical Union,FallMeeting 2002,abstract#PP61A~0287.
[9]朱岳清,邢如英.[A].地球动力学进展[C].北京:海洋出版社,1987,16~21.
[10]Zharov V E.Connection of the Earth’s rotation with the at-mospheric angular momentum and the strongest earthquakes[J].Astron.Astrophys.Trans.,1996,N9:317~327.
[11]Mazzarella A,Palumbo A.Does the solar cycle modulateseismic and volcanic activity?[J].Journal of Volcanologyand Geothermal Research,1989,39(1):89~93.
[12]Lopes R M C,Malin S R C,Mazzarella A,et al.Lunar andsolar triggering of earthquakes[J].Physics of the Earth andPlanetary interiors,1990,59,127~129.
[13]蒋窈窕.全国历史地震与太阳黑子活动的相关性[A].天文与自然灾害[C].北京:地震出版社,1991,67~73.
[14]张桂清.全球性地震活动与太阳活动的关系[J].地震学报,1998,20(4):427~431.
[15]Yu Z D.Strong earthquakes,novae and cosmic ray environ-ment[A].In NASA.Goddard Space Flight Center 19th In-tern.Cosmic Ray Conf.[C].1985,5,529~532.
[16]Sytinskiy A D,Oborin D A.Effect of the disturbed inter-planetary medium on the seismicity and atmosphere of theEarth[J].Geomagn.Aeron.,1997(in Russian),37(2),138.
[17]Sobolev G A,Shestopalov I P,Kharin E P.Geoeffective so-lar flares and seismic activity of the Earth[J].Izv.Akad.Nauk SSSR Fiz.Zemli,1988(in Russian),7,85.
[18]郭增建,秦保燕,孙光宇.环境因子与地震预报[A].地球动力学进展[C].北京:海洋出版社,1987,9~15.
[19]Sytinskii A D.A solar-atmospheric effect during strongearthquakes[J].Akademiia Nauk SSSR,Doklady.1979,245,Apr.21:1337~1340.
[20]Simpson J F.Solar activity as a triggering mechanism forearthquakes[J].Earth and Planetary Science Letters,1967,3:417~425.
[21]Gribbin J.The Jupiter Effect[M].MacDonald and Coltd,1974.
[22]罗葆荣.高能粒子流对地震活动的可能调制[J].云南天文台台刊,1995,2:1~11.
[23]庄洪春,罗福山.大气电场的透地效应日震关系的电机制[J].福建天文,2(3~4):84~91
[24]韩延本,郭增建,吴瑾冰,等.太阳活动对中国近东西向断层8级大地震的可能触发[J].中国科学G辑,2003,33(6):567~573.
[25]方俊.固体潮[M].北京:科学出版社,1984.
[26]Hiroshi Tsuruoka,Masakazu ohtake,Haruo Sato.Statisticaltest of the tidal triggering of earthquakes,contribution of theocean tide loading effect[J].Geophys.J.Int.,1995,122(1):183~194.
[27]吴小平,冒蔚,黄雍,等.潮汐应力对发震断层作用的统计分析[J].地球物理学报,1999,42(supp.):65~74.
[28]Han Yan-ben.Interrelation between seismicity of three beltsin southwest region in China and variation of tidal generationforce of the Moon and Sun[J].Astrophysics(Publ.of BeijingAstron.Obs.),1994,25:73~78.
[29]蒋骏,张雁滨.发震断层面上潮汐有效剪切应力增量的计算与加卸载的确定[J].中国地震,1995,11(10):72~83.
[30]Dionysiou D D.Papadopoulos G A,Sarris E N,et al.New-tonian tidal theory and PPN metric theory.Variable G andearthquakes,II[J].Earth,Moon,and Planets,1994,64(1):1~29.
[31]任振球,张素琴.天体引潮力与大气超长波的调整[A].天文气象学术讨论会文集[C].北京:气象出版社,1986,107~116.
[32]郭增建,韩延本,吴瑾冰.中国30°纬圈大地震带可能的天文学成因[J].地震研究,2004,27:293~295.
[33]胡辉,赵洪声,和宏伟.日月影响与云南未来地震趋势研究[J].云南天文台台刊,2003,4:49~55
[34]杨学详,韩延本,陈震,等.强潮汐激发地震火山活动的新证据[J].地球物理学报,2004,47(4):616~621.
[35]Lin cheng-horng,Yeh yih-hsiung,Chen yuh-Ing,et al.Earthquake clustering relative to lunar phases in taiwan[J].TAO,2003,14(3):289~298.
[36]Knopoff L.Earth tides as a triggering mechanism for earth-quakes[J].Bull.Soc.Am.,1964,54:1865~1870.
[37]Kilston J,Knopoff L.Lunar-Solar periodicities of largeearthquakes in southern California[J].Nature,1983,304(7):21.
[38]Souchay J,Stavinschi M.Study of the correlations betweenlong-periodic terrestrial tides and occurrence of earthquakes inthe vrancea site[J].Earth,Moon,and Planets,1997,77(2):105~124.
[39]杜品仁,徐道一.天文地震学引论[M].北京:地震出版社,1989.
[40]高锡铭,王威中.中国大陆不同类型地震序列的固体潮位相特征[J].地震学报,1983,5(3):323~335.
[41]丁中一,贾振康,王仁.潮汐应力地震的触发作用[J].地震学报,1983,5(2):172.
[42]吴小平,黄雍,冒蔚,等.云南地震的潮汐应力触发机制及相关天体位置图像[J].地球物理学报,2005,48(3):574~583.
[43]吴小平.潮汐应力对发震断层作用的统计分析[J].地球物理学报,1999,42(suppl.):65~73.
[44]Klein F.Earthquake swarms and the semidiurnal solid Earthtide[J].Geophys.J.R.Astr.Soc.,1976,45(2):254-295.
[45]Heaton T H.Tidal stress tensor at the time of earthquakes[J].Bull.Seism.Soc.Am.,1982,72(A6):2181~2200.
[46]Heaton T H.Tidal triggering of earthquakes[J].Geophys.J.R.Astr.Soc.,1975,43(2):307.
[47]Zhao juan,Han yan-ben,Li Zhian.Variation of Lunar-solartidal force and earthquakes in Taiwan island of China[J].Earth,Moon and planets,2000,88(3):123~129.
[48]Tanaka,Sachiko,Ohtake,Masakazu,Sato,Haruo.Evi-dence for tidal triggering of earthquakes as revealed from sta-tistical analysis of global data[J].Journal of Geophysical Re-search(Solid Earth),2002,107(B10):ESE 1~1.
[49]赵娟,韩延本,李志安.日月引潮力与华北地区的地震[J].地球物理学报,1999,42(supp.):24~29.
[50]韩延本,李志安,田静.日月引潮力变化与某些地区地震发生时间的相关研究[J].地球物理学进展,1996,11(2):112~114.
[51]高玉芬.黄海地震前后的地磁日变化[J].地震学报,1991,13:76~79.
[52]Nagata T.Seismo-magnetic effect in a possible assiciationwith the niigata earthquake in 1964[J].J Geomag Geoelectr.,1976,28,99~111.
[53]Wyss M(Ed):Evaluation of proposed earthquake precursors[J].American Geophysical Union,IASPEI Sub-commisionon Earthquake Prediction,1991.
[54]Duma G.Regional geomagnetic variations and temporal chan-ges of seismic activity:observations of a so far unknown phe-nomenon,attempts of interpretation,22nd General Assemblyof IUGG,Birmingham,England,Session JSA15(Abstract),1999.
[55]Duma G,Ruzhin Y.Diurnal changes of earthquake activityand geomagnetic Sq-variations[J].Natural Hazards andEarth System Sciences,2003,3:171~177.
[56]Vilardo D G.Seismicity cycles in the Mt.Vesuvius area andtheir relation to solar flux and the variations of the Earth'smagnetic field[J].Phys.Chem.Earth,1998,23(9~10),927~931.
[57]Tzanis A.Can earthquakes be triggered by diurnal Geomag-netic variations?Observational evidence from Greece and a-broad[A].EGS-AGU-EUG Joint Assembly,Abstractsfrom the meeting held in Nice,France,6-11 April 2003,abstract#13108.
[58]Mandeville.Earth Changes Bulletin No.1[M].http://www.michaelmandeville.com.
[59]高布锡.古地质时期的张德勒摆动周期和振幅的变化与古地质现象[J].中国科协天地生综合研究联络组,天地生综合研究[C].北京:中国科学技术出版社,1989,73~76.
[60]杨学详,王莉.地球自转、极移与地壳形变[J].地壳形变与地震,1995,15(2):74~82.
[61]Gross R S,Chao B F.Excitation study of the LAGEOS-de-rived Chandler wobble[J].J.Geophys.Res.,1985,90:9369~9380.
[62]Gross R S.The influence of earthquakes on the Chandlerwobble during 1977~1983[J].Geophysical Journal,1986,85:161~177.
[63]Chao B F,Gross R S,Han Y B.Seismic Excitation of thepolar motion,1977~1993[J].Pure and Applied Geophysics,1996,146(3/4):407~419
[64]Souriau,Annie.The influence of earthquakes on the polarmotion[A].IN:Earth rotation:Solved and unsolved prob-lems[C].Dordrecht,D.Reidel Publishing Co.,1986,229~240.
[65]Kh L.Shatashvili D I.Sikharulidze N G.Khazaradze.Dy-namics of changes in the IMF sector structure in the vicinityof the Earth and the problem of earthquakes[J].Internation-al Journal of Geomagnetism and Aeronomy,2000,1(4):
[66]Iu-Then-Dong.Strong earthquakes,novae,and cosmic rayenvironment[A].in Proceedings of the 19th InternationalCosmic Ray Conference[C].La Jolla,USA,1985,5:529~532.
[67]Wein A S,Shearer P M.A comprehensive search for tidaltriggering of southern california earthquakes[A].AmericanGeophysical Union,Fall Meeting 2004,abstract#S23A~0297.
[2]Stoyko A.Rotationdelaterre phenomenes geophysiques et ac-tivite du soleil[J].Bulletin Academic Royale Belique,1969,5(55):279~285.
[3]张焕志.地球自转速度变化与地震活动的相关性[A].天文地球动力学文集[C].中国科学院上海天文台,1979,97~107.
[4]Varga P,Gambis D,Bus Z,et al.Fundamental astronomy:new concepts and models for high accuracy observations[A].edited by N.Capitaine,Paris:Observatoire de Paris,2005,115~120.
[5]周永宏,郑大伟.地球自转变化与中国大陆地震活动关系的初步分析[J].上海台年刊,1994,15:1~8.
[6]韩延本,郭增建,赵娟,等.地球自转速率变化与中国西部的大地震[J].国际地震动态,2003,6(Serial No.294):1~5.
[7]安欧.全球大震活动与地球自转速率的关系[J].华北地震科学,1985,3(1):56~67.
[8]Shopov Y Y,Stoykova D A,Tsankov L T,et al.Influence ofthe solar luminosity on the glaciations,sea level changes andresulting earthquakes[A].American Geophysical Union,FallMeeting 2002,abstract#PP61A~0287.
[9]朱岳清,邢如英.[A].地球动力学进展[C].北京:海洋出版社,1987,16~21.
[10]Zharov V E.Connection of the Earth’s rotation with the at-mospheric angular momentum and the strongest earthquakes[J].Astron.Astrophys.Trans.,1996,N9:317~327.
[11]Mazzarella A,Palumbo A.Does the solar cycle modulateseismic and volcanic activity?[J].Journal of Volcanologyand Geothermal Research,1989,39(1):89~93.
[12]Lopes R M C,Malin S R C,Mazzarella A,et al.Lunar andsolar triggering of earthquakes[J].Physics of the Earth andPlanetary interiors,1990,59,127~129.
[13]蒋窈窕.全国历史地震与太阳黑子活动的相关性[A].天文与自然灾害[C].北京:地震出版社,1991,67~73.
[14]张桂清.全球性地震活动与太阳活动的关系[J].地震学报,1998,20(4):427~431.
[15]Yu Z D.Strong earthquakes,novae and cosmic ray environ-ment[A].In NASA.Goddard Space Flight Center 19th In-tern.Cosmic Ray Conf.[C].1985,5,529~532.
[16]Sytinskiy A D,Oborin D A.Effect of the disturbed inter-planetary medium on the seismicity and atmosphere of theEarth[J].Geomagn.Aeron.,1997(in Russian),37(2),138.
[17]Sobolev G A,Shestopalov I P,Kharin E P.Geoeffective so-lar flares and seismic activity of the Earth[J].Izv.Akad.Nauk SSSR Fiz.Zemli,1988(in Russian),7,85.
[18]郭增建,秦保燕,孙光宇.环境因子与地震预报[A].地球动力学进展[C].北京:海洋出版社,1987,9~15.
[19]Sytinskii A D.A solar-atmospheric effect during strongearthquakes[J].Akademiia Nauk SSSR,Doklady.1979,245,Apr.21:1337~1340.
[20]Simpson J F.Solar activity as a triggering mechanism forearthquakes[J].Earth and Planetary Science Letters,1967,3:417~425.
[21]Gribbin J.The Jupiter Effect[M].MacDonald and Coltd,1974.
[22]罗葆荣.高能粒子流对地震活动的可能调制[J].云南天文台台刊,1995,2:1~11.
[23]庄洪春,罗福山.大气电场的透地效应日震关系的电机制[J].福建天文,2(3~4):84~91
[24]韩延本,郭增建,吴瑾冰,等.太阳活动对中国近东西向断层8级大地震的可能触发[J].中国科学G辑,2003,33(6):567~573.
[25]方俊.固体潮[M].北京:科学出版社,1984.
[26]Hiroshi Tsuruoka,Masakazu ohtake,Haruo Sato.Statisticaltest of the tidal triggering of earthquakes,contribution of theocean tide loading effect[J].Geophys.J.Int.,1995,122(1):183~194.
[27]吴小平,冒蔚,黄雍,等.潮汐应力对发震断层作用的统计分析[J].地球物理学报,1999,42(supp.):65~74.
[28]Han Yan-ben.Interrelation between seismicity of three beltsin southwest region in China and variation of tidal generationforce of the Moon and Sun[J].Astrophysics(Publ.of BeijingAstron.Obs.),1994,25:73~78.
[29]蒋骏,张雁滨.发震断层面上潮汐有效剪切应力增量的计算与加卸载的确定[J].中国地震,1995,11(10):72~83.
[30]Dionysiou D D.Papadopoulos G A,Sarris E N,et al.New-tonian tidal theory and PPN metric theory.Variable G andearthquakes,II[J].Earth,Moon,and Planets,1994,64(1):1~29.
[31]任振球,张素琴.天体引潮力与大气超长波的调整[A].天文气象学术讨论会文集[C].北京:气象出版社,1986,107~116.
[32]郭增建,韩延本,吴瑾冰.中国30°纬圈大地震带可能的天文学成因[J].地震研究,2004,27:293~295.
[33]胡辉,赵洪声,和宏伟.日月影响与云南未来地震趋势研究[J].云南天文台台刊,2003,4:49~55
[34]杨学详,韩延本,陈震,等.强潮汐激发地震火山活动的新证据[J].地球物理学报,2004,47(4):616~621.
[35]Lin cheng-horng,Yeh yih-hsiung,Chen yuh-Ing,et al.Earthquake clustering relative to lunar phases in taiwan[J].TAO,2003,14(3):289~298.
[36]Knopoff L.Earth tides as a triggering mechanism for earth-quakes[J].Bull.Soc.Am.,1964,54:1865~1870.
[37]Kilston J,Knopoff L.Lunar-Solar periodicities of largeearthquakes in southern California[J].Nature,1983,304(7):21.
[38]Souchay J,Stavinschi M.Study of the correlations betweenlong-periodic terrestrial tides and occurrence of earthquakes inthe vrancea site[J].Earth,Moon,and Planets,1997,77(2):105~124.
[39]杜品仁,徐道一.天文地震学引论[M].北京:地震出版社,1989.
[40]高锡铭,王威中.中国大陆不同类型地震序列的固体潮位相特征[J].地震学报,1983,5(3):323~335.
[41]丁中一,贾振康,王仁.潮汐应力地震的触发作用[J].地震学报,1983,5(2):172.
[42]吴小平,黄雍,冒蔚,等.云南地震的潮汐应力触发机制及相关天体位置图像[J].地球物理学报,2005,48(3):574~583.
[43]吴小平.潮汐应力对发震断层作用的统计分析[J].地球物理学报,1999,42(suppl.):65~73.
[44]Klein F.Earthquake swarms and the semidiurnal solid Earthtide[J].Geophys.J.R.Astr.Soc.,1976,45(2):254-295.
[45]Heaton T H.Tidal stress tensor at the time of earthquakes[J].Bull.Seism.Soc.Am.,1982,72(A6):2181~2200.
[46]Heaton T H.Tidal triggering of earthquakes[J].Geophys.J.R.Astr.Soc.,1975,43(2):307.
[47]Zhao juan,Han yan-ben,Li Zhian.Variation of Lunar-solartidal force and earthquakes in Taiwan island of China[J].Earth,Moon and planets,2000,88(3):123~129.
[48]Tanaka,Sachiko,Ohtake,Masakazu,Sato,Haruo.Evi-dence for tidal triggering of earthquakes as revealed from sta-tistical analysis of global data[J].Journal of Geophysical Re-search(Solid Earth),2002,107(B10):ESE 1~1.
[49]赵娟,韩延本,李志安.日月引潮力与华北地区的地震[J].地球物理学报,1999,42(supp.):24~29.
[50]韩延本,李志安,田静.日月引潮力变化与某些地区地震发生时间的相关研究[J].地球物理学进展,1996,11(2):112~114.
[51]高玉芬.黄海地震前后的地磁日变化[J].地震学报,1991,13:76~79.
[52]Nagata T.Seismo-magnetic effect in a possible assiciationwith the niigata earthquake in 1964[J].J Geomag Geoelectr.,1976,28,99~111.
[53]Wyss M(Ed):Evaluation of proposed earthquake precursors[J].American Geophysical Union,IASPEI Sub-commisionon Earthquake Prediction,1991.
[54]Duma G.Regional geomagnetic variations and temporal chan-ges of seismic activity:observations of a so far unknown phe-nomenon,attempts of interpretation,22nd General Assemblyof IUGG,Birmingham,England,Session JSA15(Abstract),1999.
[55]Duma G,Ruzhin Y.Diurnal changes of earthquake activityand geomagnetic Sq-variations[J].Natural Hazards andEarth System Sciences,2003,3:171~177.
[56]Vilardo D G.Seismicity cycles in the Mt.Vesuvius area andtheir relation to solar flux and the variations of the Earth'smagnetic field[J].Phys.Chem.Earth,1998,23(9~10),927~931.
[57]Tzanis A.Can earthquakes be triggered by diurnal Geomag-netic variations?Observational evidence from Greece and a-broad[A].EGS-AGU-EUG Joint Assembly,Abstractsfrom the meeting held in Nice,France,6-11 April 2003,abstract#13108.
[58]Mandeville.Earth Changes Bulletin No.1[M].http://www.michaelmandeville.com.
[59]高布锡.古地质时期的张德勒摆动周期和振幅的变化与古地质现象[J].中国科协天地生综合研究联络组,天地生综合研究[C].北京:中国科学技术出版社,1989,73~76.
[60]杨学详,王莉.地球自转、极移与地壳形变[J].地壳形变与地震,1995,15(2):74~82.
[61]Gross R S,Chao B F.Excitation study of the LAGEOS-de-rived Chandler wobble[J].J.Geophys.Res.,1985,90:9369~9380.
[62]Gross R S.The influence of earthquakes on the Chandlerwobble during 1977~1983[J].Geophysical Journal,1986,85:161~177.
[63]Chao B F,Gross R S,Han Y B.Seismic Excitation of thepolar motion,1977~1993[J].Pure and Applied Geophysics,1996,146(3/4):407~419
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[65]Kh L.Shatashvili D I.Sikharulidze N G.Khazaradze.Dy-namics of changes in the IMF sector structure in the vicinityof the Earth and the problem of earthquakes[J].Internation-al Journal of Geomagnetism and Aeronomy,2000,1(4):
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