歧口凹陷伸展滑脱构造系统的厘定及其地质意义
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摘要
歧口凹陷是渤海湾盆地中部黄骅坳陷的一个次级凹陷,凹陷内蕴藏着丰富的油气资源,是渤海湾盆地油气勘探的重点区块。在叠前三维地震剖面精细构造解释分析的基础上,识别和建立了歧口凹陷伸展滑脱构造系统。该系统分为南部伸展滑脱系统和北部伸展滑脱系统,南部滑脱系统以羊二庄滑脱断裂为主体,连接张东断裂、张北断裂、赵家堡断裂等伸展断裂组合而成,北部滑脱系统以沧东断裂为主体,连接大张坨断裂、海河断裂、港西断裂、港东断裂、南大港断裂等伸展断裂构成。在平面上两大滑脱系统各自构成一个帚状断裂体系,在剖面上表现为叠瓦式几何形态,与次级断裂常构成"Y"型或复"Y"型组合样式,向深部会聚到主滑脱面。歧口凹陷古近纪时期变形基本都限定在区域性底滑脱界面之上,并具有多层次滑脱构造特征,控制和影响了歧口凹陷不同级别的构造形态和组合样式,同时对盆地的沉降过程也有重要的控制作用。歧口凹陷伸展滑脱构造为本区的油气储集和运移提供了有利条件,并初步探讨了歧口凹陷伸展滑脱构造的动力学条件。
The Qikou depression is a secondary depression of the Huanghua sag in the middle Bohai Bay basin which is abundant in oil and gas resources,and is one of the important hydrocarbon accumulation zones of the Bohai Bay basin. Extensional decollement structure system was recognized and determined by detailed tectonic interpretation and analysis of 3D prestack seismic data. The system can be divided to two parts:Southern and northern. The main part Yang′erzhuang decollement fault connected other faults consists of the southern system,such as the Zhangdong,Zhangbei and Zhaojiapu faults. Meanwhile,the northern system includes the Dazhangtuo,Haihe,Gangxi,Gangdong,Nandagang and Cangdong faults which is the main decollement fault and connects other secondary extensional faults. The two large decollement fault systems appeared as a penicillate fault system respectively on the plane and an imbricate arrangement on the profile. These main faults form a "Y" style or more complicated "Y" style with other secondary faults and converge to the main decollement plane downward. The deformation of the Qikou depression in the Paleogene was defined above the regional decollement base plane. The multi-level decollement structure controlled different grade tectonic shape,assemble styles of faults and subsidence of the Qikou depression. This extensional detachment is more beneficial to hydrocarbon migration and accumulation in the Qikou depression. And the dynamic conditions of the extensional decollement structure are preliminarily studied in Qikou depression.
The Qikou depression is a secondary depression of the Huanghua sag in the middle Bohai Bay basin which is abundant in oil and gas resources,and is one of the important hydrocarbon accumulation zones of the Bohai Bay basin. Extensional decollement structure system was recognized and determined by detailed tectonic interpretation and analysis of 3D prestack seismic data. The system can be divided to two parts:Southern and northern. The main part Yang′erzhuang decollement fault connected other faults consists of the southern system,such as the Zhangdong,Zhangbei and Zhaojiapu faults. Meanwhile,the northern system includes the Dazhangtuo,Haihe,Gangxi,Gangdong,Nandagang and Cangdong faults which is the main decollement fault and connects other secondary extensional faults. The two large decollement fault systems appeared as a penicillate fault system respectively on the plane and an imbricate arrangement on the profile. These main faults form a "Y" style or more complicated "Y" style with other secondary faults and converge to the main decollement plane downward. The deformation of the Qikou depression in the Paleogene was defined above the regional decollement base plane. The multi-level decollement structure controlled different grade tectonic shape,assemble styles of faults and subsidence of the Qikou depression. This extensional detachment is more beneficial to hydrocarbon migration and accumulation in the Qikou depression. And the dynamic conditions of the extensional decollement structure are preliminarily studied in Qikou depression.
引文
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杨明慧,刘池阳,孙冬胜,崔永谦.2002.冀中坳陷的伸展构造系统及其构造背景.大地构造与成矿学,26(2):113-120.
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郑大海,刘池洋,崔永谦,罗晓容.2004.冀中坳陷饶南地区拆离构造特征.石油勘探与开发,31(6):36-39.
Engebretson D C,Cox,Aand Gordon R G.1985.Relative mo-tions between oceanic and continental plates in the Pacific basin.Geol Soc Am Spec,206:59.
Tung Y L and Lawrence A L.1995.Cenozoic plate reconstruc-tion of Southeast Asia.Tectonophysics,251:85-138.
郭令智,施央申,马瑞士.1983.西太平洋中、新生代活动大陆边缘和岛弧构造的形成及演化.地质学报,1:11-21.
李理.2007.鲁西地区古生界与太古宇接触面滑脱构造带构造岩特征.新疆石油地质,28(4):448-452.
李理,张进江,钟大赉,王先美.2007.鲁西地区沿寒武系/太古宇不整合面滑脱构造的主要特征及其形成机制.地质科学,42(2):335-352
李理,钟大赉,杨长春,时秀朋,宫红波.2008.渤海湾盆地济阳坳陷滑脱构造研究.地球物理学报,51(2):521-530.
廖远涛,王振升,肖敦清,韦阿娟,王家豪,严德天.2008.黄骅坳陷中区古近系层序构成样式分析.地球学报,29(2):221-227.
刘国栋.1985.华北平原新生代裂谷系及其深部过程.见:马杏垣主编,现代地壳运动研究(1):大陆裂谷与深部过程.北京:地震出版社,20-24.
刘小平,邱楠生.2006.黄骅坳陷歧口凹陷隐蔽油气藏成藏期分析.石油天然气学报(江汉石油学院学报),28(3):203-205.
马杏垣,刘和甫,王维襄,汪一鹏.1983.中国东部中、新生代裂陷作用和伸展构造.地质学报,57(1):22-32.
马杏垣,索书田.1984.论滑覆及岩石圈多层次滑脱构造.地质学报,3:205-213.
牛树银,邵济安,孙爱群,侯泉林,王宝德,胡华斌.2006.华北东部盆山耦合与内生成矿作用.大地构造与成矿学,30(3):331-342.
漆家福,张一伟,陆克政,杨桥.1995.渤海湾新生代裂陷盆地的伸展构造模式及其动力学过程.石油实验地质,17(4):316-323.
滕吉文.1990.青藏高原地区地壳-上地幔结构与巨厚地壳的形成.大地构造与成矿学,14(4):333-338.
孙冬胜,刘池阳,杨明慧,杜金虎,张以明,张锐锋.2004.冀中坳陷中区中生代中晚期大型拆离滑覆构造的确定.大地构造与成矿学,28(2):126-133.
王椿镛,张先康,吴庆举.1994.华北盆地滑脱构造的地震学证据.地球物理学报,37(5):613-620.
吴永平,付立新,杨池银,靳久强.2002.黄骅坳陷中生代构造演化对潜山油气成藏的影响.石油学报,23(2):16-21.
杨明慧,刘池阳,孙冬胜,崔永谦.2002.冀中坳陷的伸展构造系统及其构造背景.大地构造与成矿学,26(2):113-120.
张恺.1993.渤海湾盆地深部壳-幔结构和大地热流场对油气分布、富集规律控制的探讨.石油勘探与开发,20(6):2-8.
赵海玲,狄永军,刘振文,李剑,邓晋福,何恭算.刘清华.2006.东南沿海地区新生代火山作用和地幔柱.地质学报,78(6):781-788.
郑大海,刘池洋,崔永谦,罗晓容.2004.冀中坳陷饶南地区拆离构造特征.石油勘探与开发,31(6):36-39.
Engebretson D C,Cox,Aand Gordon R G.1985.Relative mo-tions between oceanic and continental plates in the Pacific basin.Geol Soc Am Spec,206:59.
Tung Y L and Lawrence A L.1995.Cenozoic plate reconstruc-tion of Southeast Asia.Tectonophysics,251:85-138.