用监控录像资料估计强地面运动参数——汶川地震的两个试验
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摘要
如何得到尽可能多的强地面运动参数是地震灾害调查中的一个重要问题。针对汶川大地震的情况,本文探讨用监控录像资料进行强地面运动参数估计的可能性。用陕西省汉中市宁强县宁强第一中学的监控录像资料推算,当地主震强地面运动的持续时间约为80～100s,强地面运动以较小的运动开始,到50s时达到峰值;用都江堰银行的监控录像估计,主震发生时当地的地面运动加速度至少为0.14g。
How to get as many local strong ground motion data as possible is one of the important issues in earthquake disaster investigation.In this paper we studied two cases in the May 12,2008,Wenchuan earthquake,exploring the possibility of recovering strong ground motion parameters from public monitor- ing video which were deployed for security purposes.We used the video of the Ningqiang No.1 Middle School,Hanzhong,Shaanxi Province,and estimated that the felt local strong ground motion lasted 80～100 s.The ground motion started with weak motion,increased gradually,with the peak value appeared at about 40 s.We used the video of a bank in Dujiangyan,Sichuan Province,and estimated that the local ground motion acceleration was at least 0.14 g.
How to get as many local strong ground motion data as possible is one of the important issues in earthquake disaster investigation.In this paper we studied two cases in the May 12,2008,Wenchuan earthquake,exploring the possibility of recovering strong ground motion parameters from public monitor- ing video which were deployed for security purposes.We used the video of the Ningqiang No.1 Middle School,Hanzhong,Shaanxi Province,and estimated that the felt local strong ground motion lasted 80～100 s.The ground motion started with weak motion,increased gradually,with the peak value appeared at about 40 s.We used the video of a bank in Dujiangyan,Sichuan Province,and estimated that the local ground motion acceleration was at least 0.14 g.
引文
①池田安隆，个人通讯，北京．2008-06-06
②苗崇刚，个人通讯，北京．2008-07-01
①优酷视频．512陕西省宁强县第一中学监控录象．http://v.youku.com/v_show/id_ca00XMjkz MzQxNiQ=.html.
①央视国际网站．“经济半小时”——我的新家园(六) http://www.cctv.com/video/jingjibanxiaoshi/2008/ 05/jingjibanxiaoshi_300_20080531_2.shtml.
②新浪网汽车视频．奇瑞QQ1．舒适Ⅰ型性能参数．http://auto.sina.com.cn/salon/CHERY/CHERY/qq- soft1/canshu.shtml.
③腾讯网新闻中心．绵阳银行监控拍下地震瞬间．http：// news.qq.com/a/20080528/003030.htm.
[1]Brune J N.Precariously balanced rocks and ground motion maps for Southern California[J].Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America,1996,86 (1A): 43-54.
[2]Brune J N.Shattered rock and precarious rock evi- dence for strong asymmetry in ground motions during thrust faulting[J].Bulletin of the Seismological Soci- ety of America,2001,91 (3):441-447.
[3]Wald D J,Quitoriano V,Heaton T H,et al.Rela- tionships between peak ground acceleration,peak ground velocity,and modified Mercalli intensity in California[J].Earthquake Spectra,1999,15 (3): 557-564.
[4]Shebalin N V.Macroseismic data as information on source parameters of large earthquakes[J].Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors,1973,6 (4): 316-823.
[5]陈颙．测定浅源震源参数的宏观方法[J]．地球物理学报，1975，18(4)：246-255．Chen Y.On the determination of focal parameters of shallow earthquakes by means of macroseismic method [J].Acta Geophysica Sinica,1975,18 (4): 246-255.
[6]Panza G F,Craglietto A,Suhadolc P.Source geome- try of historical events retrieved by synthetic isoseis- mals[J].Tectonophysics,1991,193(1-3):173-184.
[7]宋治平，梅世蓉，薛艳．中国地震历史资料的信息开发与利用[J]．地震，1995，15(1)：12-19．Song Z P,Mei S R,Xue Y.The information develop- ment and utilization of seismic historical data in China [J].Earthquake,1995,15 (1):12-19.
[8]Sirovich L,Pettenati F.Source inversion of intensity patterns of earthquakes:a destructive shock in 1936 in northeast Italy[J].Journal of Geophysical Re- search,2004,109 (B10):B10309,doi:10.1029/ 2003JB002919.
[9]Bakun W H.Estimating locations and magnitudes of earthquakes in southern California from modified Mercalli intensities[J].Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America,2006,96 (2):1278-1295.
[10]Pettenati F,Sirovich L.Validation of the intensity- based source inversions of three destructive California earthquakes[J].Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America,2007,97 (5):1587-1606.
[11]Bormann P eds.IASPEI New Manual of Seismological Observatory Practice [M].Germany:GFZ,Pots- dam,2002.
②苗崇刚，个人通讯，北京．2008-07-01
①优酷视频．512陕西省宁强县第一中学监控录象．http://v.youku.com/v_show/id_ca00XMjkz MzQxNiQ=.html.
①央视国际网站．“经济半小时”——我的新家园(六) http://www.cctv.com/video/jingjibanxiaoshi/2008/ 05/jingjibanxiaoshi_300_20080531_2.shtml.
②新浪网汽车视频．奇瑞QQ1．舒适Ⅰ型性能参数．http://auto.sina.com.cn/salon/CHERY/CHERY/qq- soft1/canshu.shtml.
③腾讯网新闻中心．绵阳银行监控拍下地震瞬间．http：// news.qq.com/a/20080528/003030.htm.
[1]Brune J N.Precariously balanced rocks and ground motion maps for Southern California[J].Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America,1996,86 (1A): 43-54.
[2]Brune J N.Shattered rock and precarious rock evi- dence for strong asymmetry in ground motions during thrust faulting[J].Bulletin of the Seismological Soci- ety of America,2001,91 (3):441-447.
[3]Wald D J,Quitoriano V,Heaton T H,et al.Rela- tionships between peak ground acceleration,peak ground velocity,and modified Mercalli intensity in California[J].Earthquake Spectra,1999,15 (3): 557-564.
[4]Shebalin N V.Macroseismic data as information on source parameters of large earthquakes[J].Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors,1973,6 (4): 316-823.
[5]陈颙．测定浅源震源参数的宏观方法[J]．地球物理学报，1975，18(4)：246-255．Chen Y.On the determination of focal parameters of shallow earthquakes by means of macroseismic method [J].Acta Geophysica Sinica,1975,18 (4): 246-255.
[6]Panza G F,Craglietto A,Suhadolc P.Source geome- try of historical events retrieved by synthetic isoseis- mals[J].Tectonophysics,1991,193(1-3):173-184.
[7]宋治平，梅世蓉，薛艳．中国地震历史资料的信息开发与利用[J]．地震，1995，15(1)：12-19．Song Z P,Mei S R,Xue Y.The information develop- ment and utilization of seismic historical data in China [J].Earthquake,1995,15 (1):12-19.
[8]Sirovich L,Pettenati F.Source inversion of intensity patterns of earthquakes:a destructive shock in 1936 in northeast Italy[J].Journal of Geophysical Re- search,2004,109 (B10):B10309,doi:10.1029/ 2003JB002919.
[9]Bakun W H.Estimating locations and magnitudes of earthquakes in southern California from modified Mercalli intensities[J].Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America,2006,96 (2):1278-1295.
[10]Pettenati F,Sirovich L.Validation of the intensity- based source inversions of three destructive California earthquakes[J].Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America,2007,97 (5):1587-1606.
[11]Bormann P eds.IASPEI New Manual of Seismological Observatory Practice [M].Germany:GFZ,Pots- dam,2002.