水库及其环境影响
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摘要
简述国内外水库建设现状,从水库作用,水库对气候、水质及生物种类的影响,以及水库移民等方面分析了水库对自然环境和社会环境的影响,重点讨论了水库蓄水引发的地质灾害,包括水库淤积、库岸滑坡与渗漏、水库诱发地震等;对处理库区地质灾害提出了一些建议和对策。
The actuality of reservoir buildings in China is recounted. It is analyzed that the reservoir affects on natural and social environment basing on its functions, influence on climate, water quality and species as well as migration. The geologic hazards induced due to reservoir impoundment including aggradation, eboulement, leakage and reservoir-induced seismicity are discussed in detail. Some measures are proposed to deal with those geologic hazards.
The actuality of reservoir buildings in China is recounted. It is analyzed that the reservoir affects on natural and social environment basing on its functions, influence on climate, water quality and species as well as migration. The geologic hazards induced due to reservoir impoundment including aggradation, eboulement, leakage and reservoir-induced seismicity are discussed in detail. Some measures are proposed to deal with those geologic hazards.
引文
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[9]牛运光.病险水库加固实例[M].北京:中国水利出版社,2002.99~101.Niu Yunguang.Strengthening design example on disease and danger reservoirs[M].Beijing:China Hydraulic Press.2002.99~101.(in Chinese)
[10]李华晔.水库诱发地震与环境关系的研究(一)[J].华北水利水电学院学报,1999,20(1):32~36.Li Huaye.The Preliminary discussion of reservoir earthquake and environment[J].Journal of North China Institute of Waler Conservancy and Hydroelectric Power,1999,20(1):32~36.(in Chinese)
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[12]刘素梅,徐礼华.丹江口水库区构造应力场的数值模拟[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2004,23(23):4017~4021.Liu Sumei,Xu Lihua.Numerical stimulation of tectonic stress field at Danjiangkou reservoir area[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2004,23(23):4017~4021.(in Chinese)
[13]刘素梅,徐礼华.丹江口水库水压应力场的有限元模拟[J].水利学报,2005,36(7):863~869.Liu Sumei,Xu Lihua.Finite-element simulation of hydraulic-pressure stress field in Danjiankou Reservoir area[J].Journal of Hydraulic Engineering,2005,36(7):863~869.(in Chinese)
[14]武洪涛,常宗广,张震宇,郝利民.三门峡水库环境影响综合评价[J].地域研究与开发,2003,22(5):77~80.Wu Hongtao,Chang Zongguang,Zhang Zhenyu,Hao Limin.Synthetic evaluation on environmental affection of Sanmenxia reservoir[J].Areal Research and Development,2003,22(5):77~80.(in Chinese)
[15]徐礼华,刘素梅.丹江口水库二期工程诱发地震强度预测[J].武汉理工大学学报,2005,27(1):58~61.Xu Lihua,Liu Sumei.Strength evaluation of Induced seismicity in the second phase of project of Danjiangkou reservoir[J].Journal of Wuhan University of Technology,2005,27(1):58~61.(in Chinese)
[16]刘素梅,彭少民,徐礼华.丹江口水库诱发地震基础数据库建设[J].武汉理工大学学报,2005,27(10):89~92.Liu Sumei,Peng Shaomin,Xu Lihua.Development of the database of Danjiangkou reservoir induced seismicity[J].Journal of Wuhan University of Technology,2005,27(10):89~92.(in Chinese)
[2]陈文祥.水库建设对生态资产的影响及其评价[J].水利发展研究,2005,10(10):10~13.Chen Wenxiang.Influence of reservoir development on ecological assets and its evaluation[J].Research of Hydraulic Engineering Development,2005,10(10):10~13.(in Chinese)
[3]李世东,陈萍,刘一兵.中国水力资源状况及开发前景[J].水利发现,2001,10(10):33~36.Li Shidong,Chen Ping,Liu Yibing.Hydraulic resources in China and its prospect of development[J].Hydraulic Engineering Discovery,2001,10(10):33~36.(in Chinese)
[4]符太有,胡莲美.水库对周边自然环境的影响分析[J].吉林水利,2006,S(287):26~27.Fu Taiyou,Hu Lianmei.Influence analysis of reservoir on circumjacent environment[J].Hydraulic Engineering of Jilin,2006,S(287):26~27.(in Chinese)
[5]Mahmood K.Reservoir sedimentation-impact,extent and mitigation[M].Washington D C:World Bank Fechnical Paper Number71,1987.
[6]Morris G L,Fan J.Reservoir sedimentation handbook:design and management of dams,reservoirs,and watershed for sustainable use[M].New York:McGraw-Hill,1997.
[7]姜乃森,傅玲燕.中国的水库泥沙淤积问题[J].湖泊科学,1997,9(7):1~81.Jiang Naisen,Fu Lingyan.Depositing of clay and sand in Chinese reservoirs[J].Journal of Lake Sciences,1997,9(7):1~81.(in Chinese)
[8]肖振荣.水利水电工程事故处理及问题研究[M].北京:中国水利出版社,2004.2~3.Xiao Zhenrong.Accident treatment and research in hydropower projects[M].Beijing:China Hydraulic Press.2004.2~3.(in Chinese)
[9]牛运光.病险水库加固实例[M].北京:中国水利出版社,2002.99~101.Niu Yunguang.Strengthening design example on disease and danger reservoirs[M].Beijing:China Hydraulic Press.2002.99~101.(in Chinese)
[10]李华晔.水库诱发地震与环境关系的研究(一)[J].华北水利水电学院学报,1999,20(1):32~36.Li Huaye.The Preliminary discussion of reservoir earthquake and environment[J].Journal of North China Institute of Waler Conservancy and Hydroelectric Power,1999,20(1):32~36.(in Chinese)
[11]古普塔H K,拉斯托吉B K,水坝与地震[M].北京:地震出版社,1980.63~65.Gupta H K,Rastogl B K.Dam and earthquake[M].Beijing:China Seismic Press,1980.63~65.(in Chinese)
[12]刘素梅,徐礼华.丹江口水库区构造应力场的数值模拟[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2004,23(23):4017~4021.Liu Sumei,Xu Lihua.Numerical stimulation of tectonic stress field at Danjiangkou reservoir area[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2004,23(23):4017~4021.(in Chinese)
[13]刘素梅,徐礼华.丹江口水库水压应力场的有限元模拟[J].水利学报,2005,36(7):863~869.Liu Sumei,Xu Lihua.Finite-element simulation of hydraulic-pressure stress field in Danjiankou Reservoir area[J].Journal of Hydraulic Engineering,2005,36(7):863~869.(in Chinese)
[14]武洪涛,常宗广,张震宇,郝利民.三门峡水库环境影响综合评价[J].地域研究与开发,2003,22(5):77~80.Wu Hongtao,Chang Zongguang,Zhang Zhenyu,Hao Limin.Synthetic evaluation on environmental affection of Sanmenxia reservoir[J].Areal Research and Development,2003,22(5):77~80.(in Chinese)
[15]徐礼华,刘素梅.丹江口水库二期工程诱发地震强度预测[J].武汉理工大学学报,2005,27(1):58~61.Xu Lihua,Liu Sumei.Strength evaluation of Induced seismicity in the second phase of project of Danjiangkou reservoir[J].Journal of Wuhan University of Technology,2005,27(1):58~61.(in Chinese)
[16]刘素梅,彭少民,徐礼华.丹江口水库诱发地震基础数据库建设[J].武汉理工大学学报,2005,27(10):89~92.Liu Sumei,Peng Shaomin,Xu Lihua.Development of the database of Danjiangkou reservoir induced seismicity[J].Journal of Wuhan University of Technology,2005,27(10):89~92.(in Chinese)
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