一种新型抗震课桌的设计与制作
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摘要
分析介绍了国内外现有几种抗震类课桌的性能与结构特点,基于人机工程学基本原理,通过结构创新设计并制作了一种新型结构的抗震课桌。该课桌桌面采用木质面板、铝蜂窝板和不锈钢薄板三层复合结构,桌底设置金属十字框架,桌腿采用金属管件增强结构,并在可调高度的桌腿内部设置了易剪断上止动螺栓和可预紧弹性缓冲环节,而在桌脚则添加了可微调高度的胶垫来加强其防滑与抗振摇功能。该课桌在少量增加总重和制造成本的情况下,通过结构强度增强、材料剪切耗能和弹簧形变蓄能等原理可显著增强其缓震、减震和抗震能力。
Some Performance and structural features of several exiting earthquake-resistant desks were introduced,and based on the human engineering principle,a new type of earthquake-resistant desk was creative designed and manufactured.Composite table top of this desk was made up of wooden panel,aluminum honeycomb slab and stainless steel sheet,and a crossed metal framework was placed under the table.All together,within four height-adjustable legs of this table,not only four upper stop bolts were designed to be easy sheared,but also four adjustable preloaded springs were designed to be elastic buffers,and micro-adjusting height rubber cushions were assembled at the feet of the table to improve anti-slip and anti-roll capabilities.For the novel desk,only asking for a small increase of total weight and production costs,with the help of reinforcing mechanical strength,vibrational energy consumption by material shearing and spring absorbing device,capabilities of such as impact-absorbed,earthquake-postponed and earthquake-resistant were improved remarkably.
Some Performance and structural features of several exiting earthquake-resistant desks were introduced,and based on the human engineering principle,a new type of earthquake-resistant desk was creative designed and manufactured.Composite table top of this desk was made up of wooden panel,aluminum honeycomb slab and stainless steel sheet,and a crossed metal framework was placed under the table.All together,within four height-adjustable legs of this table,not only four upper stop bolts were designed to be easy sheared,but also four adjustable preloaded springs were designed to be elastic buffers,and micro-adjusting height rubber cushions were assembled at the feet of the table to improve anti-slip and anti-roll capabilities.For the novel desk,only asking for a small increase of total weight and production costs,with the help of reinforcing mechanical strength,vibrational energy consumption by material shearing and spring absorbing device,capabilities of such as impact-absorbed,earthquake-postponed and earthquake-resistant were improved remarkably.
引文
[1]美国紧急事务管理局(FEMA).地震安全手册[EB/OL].http://blog.yeeyan.org/dizhen_anquan_shouce_yeeyan.org.pdf,2010-8-21.
[2]付济民,付吉军.抗震桌[P].ZL200820023997.2,2009-3-4.
[3]周良勇.防震课桌[P].ZL 200820049799.3,2008-12-17.
[4]男子发明防震课桌可承重几百公斤[N/OL].http://www.hgptpc.cn/html/45/n-2645.htm,2008-12-22/2010-8-21.
[5]日本专制防震避难桌[EB/OL].http://product.danawa.com.cn/1569902/price.html,2010-8-21.
[6]唐锡麟,王忆军.中小学校课桌椅标准的综合评述[J].中国学校卫生,2008,(9):773,778.
[7]陆剑雄.普通教室课桌椅设计的人机工程学研究[D].南京:南京林业大学,2008.
[2]付济民,付吉军.抗震桌[P].ZL200820023997.2,2009-3-4.
[3]周良勇.防震课桌[P].ZL 200820049799.3,2008-12-17.
[4]男子发明防震课桌可承重几百公斤[N/OL].http://www.hgptpc.cn/html/45/n-2645.htm,2008-12-22/2010-8-21.
[5]日本专制防震避难桌[EB/OL].http://product.danawa.com.cn/1569902/price.html,2010-8-21.
[6]唐锡麟,王忆军.中小学校课桌椅标准的综合评述[J].中国学校卫生,2008,(9):773,778.
[7]陆剑雄.普通教室课桌椅设计的人机工程学研究[D].南京:南京林业大学,2008.
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