锚索内锚段荷载分布及其随时间变化规律
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摘要
现关于预应力锚索的研究多集中在荷载传递与加固机理方面,而对于运行期内锚段载荷分布随时间变化及其与锚索有效预应力的关系研究则较少。基于某水电站预应力锚索现场试验,研究了锚索张拉过程中的内锚头变位与内锚段载荷的非线性传递,及运行初期内锚段载荷分布随时间的调整变化规律及其与预应力变化间的影响。研究发现,拉力集中型锚索张拉后内锚段应力集中现象很严重,运行初期荷载从内锚段起始端向尾部发生了转移和调整,即是在锚索预应力快速下降阶段;但随着锚索预应力的持续降低和趋稳,内锚段荷载从起始端向尾部转移停止,随之沿整个内锚段的受荷均减小并趋于稳定,其后期变化规律与锚索预应力变化规律趋于一致。
Though load distribution and anchoring mechanism of prestressed cable have been studied by lots of tests and theoretical analysis,the load distribution variation over time of inner-anchor segment and its relationship with anchor effective prestress are seldom studied.Based on in-site test of prestressed cable in a hydraulic power station,the authors analyzes the displacement of inner-anchor head and the nonlinear load transfer of inner-anchor segment during anchor pulling,and the variation of load distribution over time in inner-anchor segment.The relationship between load distribution variation and anchor effective prestress variation after anchor locked is studied also.Through the research,it is found that the stress of inner-anchor segment of tension-concentrated anchor cable is seriously concentrated,and the loads are transferred and adjusted from the initial point of inner-anchor segment to the end at the early stage of cable lock.But with continuous decreasing and stabilizing of cable effective prestress,the load transfer of inner-anchor segment stops;and subsequently the loads of the whole inner-anchor segment are reduced to a steady state.At last,the variation laws of interior bond section and cable effective prestress become similar.
Though load distribution and anchoring mechanism of prestressed cable have been studied by lots of tests and theoretical analysis,the load distribution variation over time of inner-anchor segment and its relationship with anchor effective prestress are seldom studied.Based on in-site test of prestressed cable in a hydraulic power station,the authors analyzes the displacement of inner-anchor head and the nonlinear load transfer of inner-anchor segment during anchor pulling,and the variation of load distribution over time in inner-anchor segment.The relationship between load distribution variation and anchor effective prestress variation after anchor locked is studied also.Through the research,it is found that the stress of inner-anchor segment of tension-concentrated anchor cable is seriously concentrated,and the loads are transferred and adjusted from the initial point of inner-anchor segment to the end at the early stage of cable lock.But with continuous decreasing and stabilizing of cable effective prestress,the load transfer of inner-anchor segment stops;and subsequently the loads of the whole inner-anchor segment are reduced to a steady state.At last,the variation laws of interior bond section and cable effective prestress become similar.
引文
[1]程良奎,张作眉,杨志银.岩土加固实用技术[M].北京:地震出版社,1994.(CHENG Liang-kui,ZHANGZuo-mei,YANG Zhi-yin.Practical Technique of Strength-ening Ground[M].Beijing:Earthquake Press,1994.(inChinese))
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[3]尤春安,战玉宝.预应力锚索锚固段的应力分布规律及分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2005,24(6):2113-2118.(YOU Chun-an,ZHAN Yu-Bao.DistributionCharacters and Analysis of Stress in Prestress Cables[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2005,24(6):2113-2118.(in Chinese))
[4]顾金才,明治清,沈俊.预应力锚索内锚固段受力特点现场试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,1998,17(s):251-256.(GUJin-cai,MING Zhi-qing,SHENJun.Field Testing Study on Load Distribution of Inner-anchorSegment of Prestress Anchorage Cable[J].Chinese Jour-nal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,1998,17(s):251-256.(in Chinese))
[5]邬爱清,韩军,罗超文,等.单孔复合型锚杆锚固体应力分布特征研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2004,23(2):247-251.(WU Ai-qing,HAN Jun,LUO Chao-wen,et al.Research on Stress Distribution along Boltswith Single Borehole and Complex Anchors[J].ChineseJournal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2004,23(2):247-251.(in Chinese))
[6]丁秀丽,盛谦,韩军.预应力锚索锚固机理的数值模拟试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2002,21(7):980-988.(DING Xiu-li,SHENG Qian,HAN Jun.Numerical Simulation Testing Study on ReinforcementMechanism of Prestress Anchorage Cable[J].ChineseJournal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2002,21(7):980-988.(in Chinese))
[7]程良奎,韩军,张培文.岩土锚固工程的长期性能与安全评价[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2008,27(5):865-872.(CHENG Liang-kui,HAN Jun,ZHANG Pei-wen.Long-Term Performance and Safety Assessment ofAnchorage in Geotechnical Engineering[J].Chinese Jour-nal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2008,27(5):865-872.(in Chinese))
[8]朱晗迓,尚岳全,陆锡铭.锚索预应力长期损失与坡体蠕变耦合分析[J].岩土工程学报,2005,27(4):465-467.(ZHU Han-ya,SHANG Yue-quan,LU Xi-ming.Coupling Analysis of Long-term Prestress Loss and SlopeCreep[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2005,27(4):465-467.(in Chinese))
[9]陈安敏,顾金才,沈俊.软岩加固中锚索张拉吨位随时间变化规律的模型试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2002,21(2):251-256.(CHEN An-min,GUJin-cai,SHENJun.Model Testing Research on the Varia-tion of Tension Force of Anchor Cable with Time in Rein-forcement of Soft Rocks[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Me-chanics and Engineering,2002,21(2):251-256.(inChinese))
[10]董学晟.水工岩石力学[M].北京:中国水利水电出版社,2004.(DONG Xue-cheng.The Rock Mechanics ofHydraulic Engineering[M].Beijing:China HydroelectricPress,2004.(in Chinese))
[11]张发明,赵维炳,刘宁,等.预应力锚索锚固荷载的变化规律及预测模型[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2004,23(1):39-43.(ZHANG Fa-ming,ZHAO Wei-bing,LIU Ning,et al.Long Term Performance and LoadPrediction on Model of Pre-stressed Cables[J].ChineseJournal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2004,23(1):39-43.(in Chinese))
[2]汉纳TH.锚固技术在岩土工程中的应用[M].胡定,译.北京:中国建筑工业出版社,1986.(HANNA TH.Application of Anchoring Technique in GeotechnicalEngineering[M].Translated by HUDing.Beijing:ChinaArchitecture and Building Press,1986.(in Chinese))
[3]尤春安,战玉宝.预应力锚索锚固段的应力分布规律及分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2005,24(6):2113-2118.(YOU Chun-an,ZHAN Yu-Bao.DistributionCharacters and Analysis of Stress in Prestress Cables[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2005,24(6):2113-2118.(in Chinese))
[4]顾金才,明治清,沈俊.预应力锚索内锚固段受力特点现场试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,1998,17(s):251-256.(GUJin-cai,MING Zhi-qing,SHENJun.Field Testing Study on Load Distribution of Inner-anchorSegment of Prestress Anchorage Cable[J].Chinese Jour-nal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,1998,17(s):251-256.(in Chinese))
[5]邬爱清,韩军,罗超文,等.单孔复合型锚杆锚固体应力分布特征研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2004,23(2):247-251.(WU Ai-qing,HAN Jun,LUO Chao-wen,et al.Research on Stress Distribution along Boltswith Single Borehole and Complex Anchors[J].ChineseJournal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2004,23(2):247-251.(in Chinese))
[6]丁秀丽,盛谦,韩军.预应力锚索锚固机理的数值模拟试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2002,21(7):980-988.(DING Xiu-li,SHENG Qian,HAN Jun.Numerical Simulation Testing Study on ReinforcementMechanism of Prestress Anchorage Cable[J].ChineseJournal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2002,21(7):980-988.(in Chinese))
[7]程良奎,韩军,张培文.岩土锚固工程的长期性能与安全评价[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2008,27(5):865-872.(CHENG Liang-kui,HAN Jun,ZHANG Pei-wen.Long-Term Performance and Safety Assessment ofAnchorage in Geotechnical Engineering[J].Chinese Jour-nal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2008,27(5):865-872.(in Chinese))
[8]朱晗迓,尚岳全,陆锡铭.锚索预应力长期损失与坡体蠕变耦合分析[J].岩土工程学报,2005,27(4):465-467.(ZHU Han-ya,SHANG Yue-quan,LU Xi-ming.Coupling Analysis of Long-term Prestress Loss and SlopeCreep[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2005,27(4):465-467.(in Chinese))
[9]陈安敏,顾金才,沈俊.软岩加固中锚索张拉吨位随时间变化规律的模型试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2002,21(2):251-256.(CHEN An-min,GUJin-cai,SHENJun.Model Testing Research on the Varia-tion of Tension Force of Anchor Cable with Time in Rein-forcement of Soft Rocks[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Me-chanics and Engineering,2002,21(2):251-256.(inChinese))
[10]董学晟.水工岩石力学[M].北京:中国水利水电出版社,2004.(DONG Xue-cheng.The Rock Mechanics ofHydraulic Engineering[M].Beijing:China HydroelectricPress,2004.(in Chinese))
[11]张发明,赵维炳,刘宁,等.预应力锚索锚固荷载的变化规律及预测模型[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2004,23(1):39-43.(ZHANG Fa-ming,ZHAO Wei-bing,LIU Ning,et al.Long Term Performance and LoadPrediction on Model of Pre-stressed Cables[J].ChineseJournal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2004,23(1):39-43.(in Chinese))
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