塔河油田奥陶系碳酸盐岩缝洞型储层预测技术
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摘要
塔河油田奥陶系碳酸盐岩油藏埋深在5300 m以上,基质不具储集性,储集类型以裂缝、溶洞为主,油气受控于古岩溶缝洞,储层纵、横向非均质性强,地震信噪比、分辨率低,预测难度大。寻找和预测奥陶系缝洞发育带是塔河油田增储上产的关键。在储层成因机理研究的基础上,建立了碳酸盐岩缝洞型储层的成因预测模式,为储层预测奠定了地质基础。针对塔河油田奥陶系储层的特点,建立了以叠前时间偏移和目标精细处理技术为核心的碳酸盐岩缝洞型储层精细成像技术,为储层预测提供了扎实的基础资料。通过储层标定和正演模拟分析,建立了碳酸盐岩缝洞型储层的地球物理识别模式,包括测井识别模式和地震识别模式,为储层识别和预测提供了依据。应用振幅变化率、相干体分析、波阻抗反演等技术,有效地预测了碳酸盐岩缝洞发育带。
The Ordovician fractured-vuggy carbonate reservoirs in Tahe oilfield have a burial depth of more than 5 300 m.Their matrix has no storage capacity and their reservoir spaces are dominated by fractures and vugs,which control the accumulation of oil and gas.The reservoirs have a strong heterogeneity both vertically and horizontally.The reservoir prediction is very difficult due to its low seismic SNR and poor resolution.Predicting and locating the highly fractured-vuggy zones in the Ordovician thus becomes the key factor for increasing of the growth of reserves and production in Tahe oilfield.Based on the strudy of genetic mechanism of the reservoirs,a genetic prediction mode is established for the fractured-vuggy carbonate reservoirs to lay a geological foundation for the reservoir prediction.In view of the characteristics of the Ordovician reservoirs,the fine imaging technology(cored with pre-stack time migration and object fine processing) of fractured-vuggy carbonate reservoir is developed.Through reservoir calibration and forward modeling analysis,a geophysical recognition mode(including logging recognition mode and seismic recognition mode) for carbonate fractured-vuggy reservoir is established and it provides evidences for reservoir recognition and prediction.To effectively predict the carbonate zones with highly developed fractures and vugs,technologies,such as amplitude variation,coherent cube analysis,and wave impedance and inversion,are also adopted.
The Ordovician fractured-vuggy carbonate reservoirs in Tahe oilfield have a burial depth of more than 5 300 m.Their matrix has no storage capacity and their reservoir spaces are dominated by fractures and vugs,which control the accumulation of oil and gas.The reservoirs have a strong heterogeneity both vertically and horizontally.The reservoir prediction is very difficult due to its low seismic SNR and poor resolution.Predicting and locating the highly fractured-vuggy zones in the Ordovician thus becomes the key factor for increasing of the growth of reserves and production in Tahe oilfield.Based on the strudy of genetic mechanism of the reservoirs,a genetic prediction mode is established for the fractured-vuggy carbonate reservoirs to lay a geological foundation for the reservoir prediction.In view of the characteristics of the Ordovician reservoirs,the fine imaging technology(cored with pre-stack time migration and object fine processing) of fractured-vuggy carbonate reservoir is developed.Through reservoir calibration and forward modeling analysis,a geophysical recognition mode(including logging recognition mode and seismic recognition mode) for carbonate fractured-vuggy reservoir is established and it provides evidences for reservoir recognition and prediction.To effectively predict the carbonate zones with highly developed fractures and vugs,technologies,such as amplitude variation,coherent cube analysis,and wave impedance and inversion,are also adopted.
引文
1周棣康,王君奇,叶德胜.塔里木盆地北部奥陶纪地层及沉积特征[A].塔里木盆地北部油气田勘探与开发论文集[C].北京:地质出版社,2000.11-23Zhou Dikang,Wang Junqi,Ye Desheng.Character of Ordovicianstratum and sediment in the north of Tarimbasin[A].Analects of ex-ploration and exploitation of Tahe oil-gas pool in the north of Tarimbasin[C].Bejing:Geological Publishing House,2000.11-23
2王金琪.塔里木盆地奥陶系岩溶储集层的油气前景[J].石油与天然气地质,1999,20(4):305-310Wang Jinqi.Oil and gas prospects of Ordovician karst reserveoi-ring in Tarim basin[J].Oil&gas Geology,1999,20(4):305-310
3张涛,闫相宾.塔河油田隐蔽油气藏岩溶型储层成因研究[J].石油科学(英文版),2004,1(2):100-104Zhang Tao,Yan Xiangbin.A study of the genesis of karst-typesubtle reservoir in Tahe oilfield[J].Petroleum Sciences,2004,1(2):100-104
4郑冰,承秋泉,高仁祥.塔里木盆地东北部奥陶—志留系沉积成岩作用[J].石油与天然气地质,2006,27(1):85-92Zheng Bing,Cheng Qiuquan,Gao Renxiang.Ordovician-Siluriansedimentation and diagenesis in northeastern Tarim basin[J].Oil&Gas Geology,2006,27(1):85-92
5王恕一,黄继文,蒋小琼.塔里木盆地上奥陶统沉积及古地理特征[J].石油实验地质,2006,28(3):236-242,248Wang Shuyi,Huang Jiwen,Jiang Xiaoqiong.The Sedimentaryand palaeogeographic characteristics of the Upper Ordovician inthe Tarim basin[J].Petroleum Geology&Experiment,2006,28(3):236-242,248
6肖玉茹,何峰煜,孙义梅.古洞穴型碳酸盐岩储层特征研究———以塔河油田奥陶系古洞穴为例[J].石油与天然气地质,2003,24(1):71-80Xiao Yuru,He Fengyu,Sun Yimei.Reservoir characteristics ofpaleocave carbonates:a case study of Ordovician paleocave inTahe oilfield,Tarim basin[J].Oil&Gas Geology,2003,24(1):71-80
7马学军,李宗杰.塔河油田碳酸盐岩缝洞型储层精细成像技术[A].塔河油气田勘探与评价文集[C].北京:石油工业出版社,2006.259-265Ma Xuejun,Li Zongjie.Refined imaging technique of carbonateseam-excavation type reservoir in Tahe oil-gas pool[A].Analectsof exploration and exploitation of Tahe oil-gas pool[C].Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,2006.259-265
8张旭光,窦慧媛.三维可视化技术在碳酸盐岩储层预测中的应用[A].塔河油气田勘探与评价文集[C].北京:石油工业出版社,2006.331-337Zhang Xuguang,Dou Huiyuan,The application of 3D visualiza-tion in carbonate reservoir forecast[A].Analects of explorationand exploitation of Tahe oil-gas pool[C].Beijing:Petroleum In-dustry Press,2006.331-337
9李宗杰,樊政军,杨林.塔河油田碳酸盐岩缝洞型储层地球物理识别模式[A].塔河油气田勘探与评价文集[C].北京:石油工业出版社,2006.308-316Li Zongjie,Fan Zhenjun,Yang Lin.Geophysical recognitionmode of carbonate reservoir in Tahe oil-gas pool[A].Analects ofexploration and exploitation of Tahe oil-gas pool[C].Beijing:Pe-troleum Industry Press,2006.308-316
10李宗杰,韩革华.塔河地区碳酸盐岩储层预测技术方法研究[A].塔里木盆地北部油气田勘探与开发论文集[C].北京:地质出版社,2000.160-170Li Zongjie,Han Gehua.Study of technical method of carbonatereservoir forecast in Tahe area[A].Analects of exploration and ex-ploitation of the pool in the north of Tarimbasin[C].Beijing:Geo-logical Publishing House,2000.160-170
11樊怀阳.JASON反演技术在塔河油田3号区块的应用[A].塔里木盆地北部油气田勘探与开发论文集[C].北京:地质出版社,2000.177-181Fan Huaiyang.The application of Jason reversal development inthe block 3 of Tahe oil-gas pool[A].Analects of exploration andexploitation of the pool in the north of Tarim basin[C].Beijing:Geological Publishing House,2000.177-181
12翟晓先,漆立新.塔河油田勘探实践与面临的挑战[A].塔河油气田勘探与评价文集[C].北京:石油工业出版社,2006.1-10Zhai Xiaoxian,Qi Lixin.Exploration practice and challenge inTahe oil-gas pool[A].Analects of exploration and exploitation ofTahe oil-gas pool[C].Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,2006.1-10
2王金琪.塔里木盆地奥陶系岩溶储集层的油气前景[J].石油与天然气地质,1999,20(4):305-310Wang Jinqi.Oil and gas prospects of Ordovician karst reserveoi-ring in Tarim basin[J].Oil&gas Geology,1999,20(4):305-310
3张涛,闫相宾.塔河油田隐蔽油气藏岩溶型储层成因研究[J].石油科学(英文版),2004,1(2):100-104Zhang Tao,Yan Xiangbin.A study of the genesis of karst-typesubtle reservoir in Tahe oilfield[J].Petroleum Sciences,2004,1(2):100-104
4郑冰,承秋泉,高仁祥.塔里木盆地东北部奥陶—志留系沉积成岩作用[J].石油与天然气地质,2006,27(1):85-92Zheng Bing,Cheng Qiuquan,Gao Renxiang.Ordovician-Siluriansedimentation and diagenesis in northeastern Tarim basin[J].Oil&Gas Geology,2006,27(1):85-92
5王恕一,黄继文,蒋小琼.塔里木盆地上奥陶统沉积及古地理特征[J].石油实验地质,2006,28(3):236-242,248Wang Shuyi,Huang Jiwen,Jiang Xiaoqiong.The Sedimentaryand palaeogeographic characteristics of the Upper Ordovician inthe Tarim basin[J].Petroleum Geology&Experiment,2006,28(3):236-242,248
6肖玉茹,何峰煜,孙义梅.古洞穴型碳酸盐岩储层特征研究———以塔河油田奥陶系古洞穴为例[J].石油与天然气地质,2003,24(1):71-80Xiao Yuru,He Fengyu,Sun Yimei.Reservoir characteristics ofpaleocave carbonates:a case study of Ordovician paleocave inTahe oilfield,Tarim basin[J].Oil&Gas Geology,2003,24(1):71-80
7马学军,李宗杰.塔河油田碳酸盐岩缝洞型储层精细成像技术[A].塔河油气田勘探与评价文集[C].北京:石油工业出版社,2006.259-265Ma Xuejun,Li Zongjie.Refined imaging technique of carbonateseam-excavation type reservoir in Tahe oil-gas pool[A].Analectsof exploration and exploitation of Tahe oil-gas pool[C].Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,2006.259-265
8张旭光,窦慧媛.三维可视化技术在碳酸盐岩储层预测中的应用[A].塔河油气田勘探与评价文集[C].北京:石油工业出版社,2006.331-337Zhang Xuguang,Dou Huiyuan,The application of 3D visualiza-tion in carbonate reservoir forecast[A].Analects of explorationand exploitation of Tahe oil-gas pool[C].Beijing:Petroleum In-dustry Press,2006.331-337
9李宗杰,樊政军,杨林.塔河油田碳酸盐岩缝洞型储层地球物理识别模式[A].塔河油气田勘探与评价文集[C].北京:石油工业出版社,2006.308-316Li Zongjie,Fan Zhenjun,Yang Lin.Geophysical recognitionmode of carbonate reservoir in Tahe oil-gas pool[A].Analects ofexploration and exploitation of Tahe oil-gas pool[C].Beijing:Pe-troleum Industry Press,2006.308-316
10李宗杰,韩革华.塔河地区碳酸盐岩储层预测技术方法研究[A].塔里木盆地北部油气田勘探与开发论文集[C].北京:地质出版社,2000.160-170Li Zongjie,Han Gehua.Study of technical method of carbonatereservoir forecast in Tahe area[A].Analects of exploration and ex-ploitation of the pool in the north of Tarimbasin[C].Beijing:Geo-logical Publishing House,2000.160-170
11樊怀阳.JASON反演技术在塔河油田3号区块的应用[A].塔里木盆地北部油气田勘探与开发论文集[C].北京:地质出版社,2000.177-181Fan Huaiyang.The application of Jason reversal development inthe block 3 of Tahe oil-gas pool[A].Analects of exploration andexploitation of the pool in the north of Tarim basin[C].Beijing:Geological Publishing House,2000.177-181
12翟晓先,漆立新.塔河油田勘探实践与面临的挑战[A].塔河油气田勘探与评价文集[C].北京:石油工业出版社,2006.1-10Zhai Xiaoxian,Qi Lixin.Exploration practice and challenge inTahe oil-gas pool[A].Analects of exploration and exploitation ofTahe oil-gas pool[C].Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,2006.1-10
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