饱和粉土振动液化分析
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摘要
液化是造成场地地震破坏的首要原因之一。自Casagrande的经典工作以来,对地震液化的研究已经取得了很大的进展。然而这些研究大多是针对于砂土而进行的,对于粉土液化研究的相对较少,且粉土的液化特性也有别于砂土。因此,在已有研究的基础之上利用粉土液化试验得出的结果,分析了粉土液化的机理、影响因素以及在振动过程中粉土中孔隙水压力的增长规律,认为粉土中的粘粒含量、密实度以及土的结构性对其抗液化能力有较大的影响。考虑到试验中振动次数的离散性,引入了时间参数的概念,根据动三轴试验结果提出了孔隙水压力增长的经验公式,可以比较方便地应用于计算液化的有限元程序中去。
Soil liquefaction is a major cause of site damage during earthquakes. Since Casagrande’s works, significant progress has occurred. But, most of these are applicable for sandy soils. So, based on the former research and the dynamic triaxial test, some questions are analyzed, including the mechanism of silty soil liquefaction and some factors, such as the clay particle content, the relative density and the structure of the soil, which impact on the liquefaction strength of the silty soils. The pore water pressure is also studied. Considering that the number of cyclic loading is non-continuous, a new applied model is proposed to evaluate the pore water pressure, which is expediently applied into the finite element method programs.
Soil liquefaction is a major cause of site damage during earthquakes. Since Casagrande’s works, significant progress has occurred. But, most of these are applicable for sandy soils. So, based on the former research and the dynamic triaxial test, some questions are analyzed, including the mechanism of silty soil liquefaction and some factors, such as the clay particle content, the relative density and the structure of the soil, which impact on the liquefaction strength of the silty soils. The pore water pressure is also studied. Considering that the number of cyclic loading is non-continuous, a new applied model is proposed to evaluate the pore water pressure, which is expediently applied into the finite element method programs.
引文
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[3]Patricia M.Gallagher,James K.Mitchell.Influence of colloidal silica grout on liquefaction potential and cyclic undrained behavior of loose sand[J].Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering,2002,(22):1017-1026.
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[8]张克绪,谢君斐.土动力学[M].北京:地震出版社,1989.157-158
[9]曹亚林,何广讷,林皋.土中振动孔隙水压力升长程度的能量分析法[J].大连工学院学报,1987,26(3):83-88.CAO Ya-lin,HE Guang-na,LIN Gao.An energy approach for analysing the development of cyclic pore water pressure[J].Jounal of Dalian Institute of Technology,1987,26(3):83-88.
[10]王天颂,刘颖,同筠,等.地震荷载作用下饱和砂层孔隙水压力的增长与消散[J].岩土工程学报,1983,5(3):87-102.WANG Tian-song,LIU Ying,TONG Jun,et al.Generation and dissipation of pore pressure in saturated sand layer due to earthquake loading[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,1983,5(3):87-102.
[2]方云,东烟郁生,Ghalandarzadeh A,等.地震液化条件下重力式码头的变形破坏机理[J].地球科学-中国地质大学学报,2001,26(4):415-418.FANG Yun,Ikuo Towhata,Ghalandarzadeh Abbas,et al.Mechanism of deformation and failure of gravity-type quay walls under earthquake liquefaction[J].Earth Science-Journal of China University of Geosciences,2001,26(4):415-418.
[3]Patricia M.Gallagher,James K.Mitchell.Influence of colloidal silica grout on liquefaction potential and cyclic undrained behavior of loose sand[J].Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering,2002,(22):1017-1026.
[4]GB50007-2002,建筑地基基础设计规范[S].
[5]牛琪瑛,张素娇.地基土液化机理的研究[J].太原理工大学学报,2002,33(3):246-256.NIU Qi-ying,ZHANG Su-jiao.Study on the mechanism of liquefaction of foundation soil[J].Journal of Taiyuan University of Technology,2002,33(3):246-256.
[6]牛琪瑛,裘以惠,史美筠.粉土抗液化特性的试验研究[J].太原工业大学学报,1996,27(3):5-8.NIU Qi-ying,QIU Yi-hui,SHI Mei-yun.The study and test of liquefaction resistant characteristics of silt[J].Journal of Taiyuan University of Technology.1996,27(3):5-8.
[7]林霖.现代黄河水下三角洲粉土动力特性及液化破坏研究[硕士论文D].青岛:中国海洋大学,2003.LIN lin.Research on dynamic property and liquefaction related damages of silt in modern Yellow River Submarine Delta[D].Qingdao:China Ocean University,2003.
[8]张克绪,谢君斐.土动力学[M].北京:地震出版社,1989.157-158
[9]曹亚林,何广讷,林皋.土中振动孔隙水压力升长程度的能量分析法[J].大连工学院学报,1987,26(3):83-88.CAO Ya-lin,HE Guang-na,LIN Gao.An energy approach for analysing the development of cyclic pore water pressure[J].Jounal of Dalian Institute of Technology,1987,26(3):83-88.
[10]王天颂,刘颖,同筠,等.地震荷载作用下饱和砂层孔隙水压力的增长与消散[J].岩土工程学报,1983,5(3):87-102.WANG Tian-song,LIU Ying,TONG Jun,et al.Generation and dissipation of pore pressure in saturated sand layer due to earthquake loading[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,1983,5(3):87-102.
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