根据接收函数反演得到的首都圈地壳上地幔三维S波速度结构
|
摘要
利用2002-2003年中国地震局地质研究所台阵实验室以唐山大震区为中心布设的40个流动宽频带地震台站和首都圈数字台网的33个宽频带台站的远震数据,采用接收函数非线性反演方法得到其中72个宽频带台站下方60 km深度范围内的S波速度结构.根据得到的各台站下方地壳上地幔的S波速度结构,并综合刘启元等(1997)用接收函数非线性反演方法得到的延怀盆地15个宽频带流动台站下方的地壳上地幔S波速度结构模型,给出了39°N-41°N ,114°E-7.19. 5°E区域内沿不同走向、不同深度S波速度分布.由于综合了利用首都圈数字地震台网的宽频带台站以及流动地震台阵的观测数据,本文给出了较前人同类研究空间分辨率更好的结果.结果表明:(1)研究区的速度结构,特别是怀来以东的速度结构十分复杂.在10-20 km深度范围内,研究区地壳具有高速和低速异常块体的交错结构.研究区中上地壳速度结构主要被与张渤地震带大体重合的NW向高速条带和穿越唐山大震区的NE向高速条带所控制,而其中下地壳的速度结构主要为延怀一三河一唐山地区上地幔隆起所控制.(2)研究区内存在若干壳内S波低速体,它们主要分布在唐山,三河及延怀盆地等地区.在这些地区,壳内低速体伴随着壳幔界面的隆起和上地幔顶部速度结构的横向变化.(3)地表断层分布与地壳速度结构分区有较好的相关性,表明断层对不同块体有明显的控制作用.其中,宝坻断裂,香河断裂和唐山断裂均为超壳断裂.(4)首都圈内大地震的分布与壳内低速体及上地幔顶部的速度结构有密切关系.对于唐山大地震的成因,仅考虑板块作用引起的水平应力场是不够的,有必要充分重视由于上地幔变形引起的地壳垂直变形和上地幔物质侵人造成的热效应.
In this study we use the nonlinear inversion method of receiver functions to investigate the S-wave velocity structure of the crust and upper mantle beneath the capital circle region from teleseismic broadband waveform data recorded at 40 movable stations deployed over the Tangshan earthquake region in 2002 - 2003 by the Laboratory of Lithospheric Seismic Array, Institute of Geology, China Earthquake Administration and recorded at 33 permanent stations of the Digital Seismic Network in the Capital Circle. Based on these results, combining the S-wave velocity structures of the crust and upper mantle beneath 15 moveable broadband seismic stations over the Yanhuai basin by Liu et al. (1997) , we present the S-wave velocity distribution along the profiles with different azimuths and horizontal distributions at different depths over the region of 39°- 41°N and 114°-119. 5°E. Our results show the crustal velocity structure with spatial resolution higher than former studies due to using the data recorded by permanent and movable stations simultaneously. Our results show:(1) the S-wave velocity structure of the crust and upper mantle down to 60 km deep beneath our research area, especially to the east of the Yanhuai basin, is quite complicated. The crust at depth of 10 - 20 km has an interlaced structure of alternating high- and low-velocity anomalies. The upper and middle crust is dominated by the NEdirection high-velocity anomalous region parallel with the Zhangjiakou-Bohai seismic zone as well, as the belt across the Tangshan earthquake region, while the lower crust is dominated by the uplift of the upper mantle beneath the Yanhuai, Sanhe and Tangshan region. (2) beneath our research region exist several S-wave low velocity bodies in the crust, which are mainly distributed in the Tangshan, Sanhe, Yanhuai region, accompanied by the uplift of the crust-mantle boundary and lateral variations of the upper mantle velocity structure. (3) the fault system on the surface is well correlated with the crustal velocity structure, suggesting that the different crustal blocks are dominated by the faults. Among them, the Baodi fault, Xianghe fault, and Tangshan fault are through the crust. (4) large earthquakes in the capital circle region are related closely to the low velocity bodies in the crust and the velocity structure at the top of the upper mantle. As for the genesis of the Tangshan earthquake, it will not be sufficient only considering the horizontal stress field caused by the plate tectonics and it becomes also important to pay much attention to the vertical crustal deformation caused by the upper mantle uplift as well as the thermal effects caused by the upper mantle material intrusion.
In this study we use the nonlinear inversion method of receiver functions to investigate the S-wave velocity structure of the crust and upper mantle beneath the capital circle region from teleseismic broadband waveform data recorded at 40 movable stations deployed over the Tangshan earthquake region in 2002 - 2003 by the Laboratory of Lithospheric Seismic Array, Institute of Geology, China Earthquake Administration and recorded at 33 permanent stations of the Digital Seismic Network in the Capital Circle. Based on these results, combining the S-wave velocity structures of the crust and upper mantle beneath 15 moveable broadband seismic stations over the Yanhuai basin by Liu et al. (1997) , we present the S-wave velocity distribution along the profiles with different azimuths and horizontal distributions at different depths over the region of 39°- 41°N and 114°-119. 5°E. Our results show the crustal velocity structure with spatial resolution higher than former studies due to using the data recorded by permanent and movable stations simultaneously. Our results show:(1) the S-wave velocity structure of the crust and upper mantle down to 60 km deep beneath our research area, especially to the east of the Yanhuai basin, is quite complicated. The crust at depth of 10 - 20 km has an interlaced structure of alternating high- and low-velocity anomalies. The upper and middle crust is dominated by the NEdirection high-velocity anomalous region parallel with the Zhangjiakou-Bohai seismic zone as well, as the belt across the Tangshan earthquake region, while the lower crust is dominated by the uplift of the upper mantle beneath the Yanhuai, Sanhe and Tangshan region. (2) beneath our research region exist several S-wave low velocity bodies in the crust, which are mainly distributed in the Tangshan, Sanhe, Yanhuai region, accompanied by the uplift of the crust-mantle boundary and lateral variations of the upper mantle velocity structure. (3) the fault system on the surface is well correlated with the crustal velocity structure, suggesting that the different crustal blocks are dominated by the faults. Among them, the Baodi fault, Xianghe fault, and Tangshan fault are through the crust. (4) large earthquakes in the capital circle region are related closely to the low velocity bodies in the crust and the velocity structure at the top of the upper mantle. As for the genesis of the Tangshan earthquake, it will not be sufficient only considering the horizontal stress field caused by the plate tectonics and it becomes also important to pay much attention to the vertical crustal deformation caused by the upper mantle uplift as well as the thermal effects caused by the upper mantle material intrusion.
引文
[1] 国家地震局《一九七六年唐山大地震》编辑组.一九七六年唐山大地震.北京:地震出版社,1982 State Seismological Bureau of China. 1976 Great Tangshan Earthquake (in Chinese). Beijing: Seismological Press, 1982
[2] 高文学,马谨.首都圈地震地质环境与地震灾害.北京:地震出版社,1993 Gao W X, Ma J. Seismo-Geological Background and Earthquake Hazard in Beijing Area (in Chinese). Beijing:Seismological Press,1993
[3] 马杏垣,吴正文,谭应佳等.华北地台基底构造.地质学报,1979,53(4) :293-304 Ma X Y, Wu Z W, Tan Y J, et al. Basement structure in North China Platform. Acta Geologica Sinica (in Chinese), 1979,53(4) :293-304
[4] 曾融生,张少泉,周海南等.唐山地震区的地壳结构及大陆地震成因的探讨.地震学报,1985,7(2) :125-142 Zeng R S, Zhang S Q, Zhou H N, et al. Crustal structure of Tangshan epicentral region and its relation to the seismogenic process of a continental earthquake. Acta Seismologic. Sinica (in Chinese) , 1985 ,7(2) :125-142
[5] 刘启元,王峻,陈九辉等.1976年唐山大地震的孕震环境:密集地震台阵观测得到的结果,地学前缘,2007,14(6) :205-213 Liu Q Y, Wang J, Chen J H, et al. Seismogenic tectonic environment of 1976 great Tangshan earthquake: results given by dense seismic array observations. Earth Science Frontier (in Chinese), 2007 ,14(6) :205-213
[6] Zheng T Y. Chen L, Zhao L, Xu W W, Zhu R X. Crustmantle structure difference across the gravity gradiet zone in North China Craton, Seismic image of the thinned continental crust. Phys. Earth Planet. Inter. ,2006,159:43-58
[7] Shao X Z, Zhang J R, Liu Q Y, et al. The common features of deep structures in some large earthquake areas of the north China plain and their implication for earthquake site prediction. J. Phys. Earth. , 1986 ,34(Suppl. ) :S223-S239
[8] 金安蜀,刘福田,孙永智等.北京地区地壳和上地幔三维P波速度细结构与强震孕育的深部构造环境.地球物理学报,1980,23(2) :178-182 Jin A S, Liu F T, Sun Y Z, et al. Three-dimensional P velocity structure of the crust and upper mantle under Beijing region. Chinese J. Geophys. (in Chinese) , 1980,23 (2) :172-182
[9] 刘福田,曲克信,吴华等.华北地区的地震层析成像.地球物理学报,1986,29(5) :442-449 Liu F T,Qu K X,Wu H,et al. Seismic tomography of north China region. Chinese J . Geophys. (in Chinese), 1986,29 (5) :442-449
[10] Shedlock K M, Roceker S W. Elastic wave velocity structure under the crust and upper mantle beneath the North China. J. Geophys. Res. , 1987 ,92:19635-19646
[11] 朱露培,曾融生,刘福田.京津唐张地区地壳上地幔三维P波速度结构.地球物理学报,1990,33(3) :267-277 Zhu L P, Zeng R S, Liu F T. Three dimensional P-wave velocity structure under the Beijing network area. Chinese J. eophys. (Acta Geophysica Sinica) (in Chinese) , 1990,33(3) :267-277
[12] 孙若眛,刘福田.京津唐地区地壳结构与强震的发生-Ⅰ.P波速度结构.地球物理学报,1995,38(5) :563-572 Sun R M, Liu F T. Crustal structure and strong earthquakes in Beijing, Tianjing, Tangshan area; I. P wave velocity structure. Chinese J. Geophys. (Acta Geophysica Sinica) (in Chinese),1995,38(5) :563-572
[13] 孙若眛,赵燕来,吴丹.京津唐地区地壳结构与强震的发生-Ⅱ.S波速度结构.地球物理学报,1996,39(3) :347-355 Sun R M, Zhao Y L, Wu D. Crustal structure and strong earthquakes in Beijing, Tianjing, Tangshan area: Ⅱ. S wave velocity structure. Chinese J. Geophys. ( Acta Geophysica Sinica) (in Chinese), 1996,39(3) :347-355
[14] 张先康,王椿镛,刘国栋等.延庆怀来地区地壳细结构 利用深地震反射剖面.地球物理学报,1996,39(3) :356-363 Zhang X K.Wang C Y, Liu G D,et al. Fine crustal structure in Yanqing-Huailai region by deep seismic reflection profiling. Chinese J. Geophys. (Acta Geophysica Sinica ) (in Chinese),1996,39(3) :356-363
[15] 刘启元,李顺成,沈杨等.延怀盆地及其邻区地壳上地幔速度结构的宽频带地震台阵研究.地球物理学报,1997,40(6) :763-771 Liu Q Y, Li S C, Shen Y, et al. Broadband seismic array study of the crust and upper mantle velocity structure beneath Yanhuai basin and its neighbouring region. Chinese J. Geophys. (Acta Geophysica Sinica) (in Chinese), 1997,40(6) :763-771
[16] 李松林,张先康,宋占隆等.多条人工地震测深剖面资料联合反演首都圈三维地壳结构.地球物理学报,2001． 44(3) :361-368 Li S L, Zhang X K, Song Z L. et al. Three dimensional crustal structure of the Capital area obtained by a joint invertion of DSS data from multiple profiles. Chinese J. Geophys. (in Chinese),2001,44(3) :361-368
[17] 于湘伟,陈运泰,王培德.京津唐地区三维P波速度结构.地震学报,2003． 25(1) :1-14 Yu X W, Chen Y T. Wang P D. Three dimensional P wave velocity structure in Beijing. Tianjing, Tangshan area. Acta Seismologica Sinica (in Chinese), 2003,25(1) :1-14
[18] Huang Jinli, Zhao Dapeng. Crustal heterogeneity and seismotectonias of the region around Beijing, China. Tectonophysics, 2004 ,385:159-180
[19] 刘启元,Kind R,陈九辉等.大别造山带壳幔界面的断错结构和壳内低速体.中国科学(D辑:地球科学),2005,35(4) :304-313 Liu Q Y, Kind R, Chen J H, et al. Dislocation structure of the crust-mantle boundary and low-velocity body within the crust beneath the Dabie Shan collision orogen. Science in China(Ser D), 2005,48(7) :875-885
[20] 嘉世旭,齐诚,王夫运等.首都圈地壳网格化三维结构.地球物理学报.2005,48(6) :1316-1324 Jia S X, Qi C, Wang F Y, et al. Three dimensional crustal gridded structure of the Capital area. Chinese J . Geophys. (in Chinese) ,2005,48(6) :1316-1324
[21] 黄金莉,赵大鹏.首都圈地区地壳三维P波速度细结构与强震孕育的深部构造环境.科学通报,2005,50(4) :348-355 Huang J L, Zhao D P. Three-dimension P-wave velocity structure of the crust beneath the captital circle and the deep tectonic environment of strong earthquake. Chinese Science Bulletin (in Chinese) ,2005 ,50(4) : 348-355
[22] Zheng T Y, Chen L, Zhao L, Zhu R X. Crustal structure across the Yanshan belt at the northern margin of the North China Craton. Phys. Earth Planet. Inter. ,2007,161:36-49
[23] 刘启元.陈九辉,李顺成等.新疆伽师强震群区三维地壳上地幔S波速度结构及其地震成因的探讨.地球物理学报,2000,43(3) :356-365 Liu Q Y, Chen J H, Li S C, et al. Passive seismic experiment in the Xinjiang-Jiashi strong earthquake region and discussion on its seismic genesis. Chinese J . Geophys. (in Chinese). 2000,43(3) :356-365
[24] 赖院根,刘启元.陈九辉等.首都圈地区横波分裂与地壳应力场特征.地球物理学报.2006,49(1) :190-196 Lai Y G. Liu Q Y. Chen J H, et al. Shear wave splitting and the features of the crustal stress field in the Capital Circle. Chinese J. Geophys. (in Chinese), 2006,49(1) : 190-196
[25] 王峻,刘启无,陈九辉等.首都圈地区的地壳厚度及泊松比.地球物理学报,2009,52(1) :57-66 Wang J, Liu Q Y. Chen J H. et al. . The cruslal thickness and Poisson's ratio beneath the capital circle region. Chinese J. Geophys. (in Chinese),2009,52(1) :57-66
[26] 刘启元,Kind R,李顺成.接收函数复谱比的最大或然性估计及非线性反演.地球物理学报,1996,39(4) :500-511 Liu Q Y, Kind R, Li S C Maximal likelihood estimation and nonlinear inversion of the complex receiver function spectrum ratio. Chinese J . Geophys. (in Chinese),1996,39(4) :500-511
[27] 邓起东,张培震,冉勇康等.中国活动构造基本特征.中国科学(D辑):地球科学,2002,32(12) :1020-1030 Deng Q D,Zhang P Z,Ran Y K,et al. Basic characteristics of active tectonics in China. Science in China (Ser. D) (in Chinese),2002,32(12) .1020-1030
[28] 顾功叙.中国地震目录.北京:科学出版社,1983 Gu G X. China Seismic Catalog ( in Chinese). Beijing:Science Press, 1983
[2] 高文学,马谨.首都圈地震地质环境与地震灾害.北京:地震出版社,1993 Gao W X, Ma J. Seismo-Geological Background and Earthquake Hazard in Beijing Area (in Chinese). Beijing:Seismological Press,1993
[3] 马杏垣,吴正文,谭应佳等.华北地台基底构造.地质学报,1979,53(4) :293-304 Ma X Y, Wu Z W, Tan Y J, et al. Basement structure in North China Platform. Acta Geologica Sinica (in Chinese), 1979,53(4) :293-304
[4] 曾融生,张少泉,周海南等.唐山地震区的地壳结构及大陆地震成因的探讨.地震学报,1985,7(2) :125-142 Zeng R S, Zhang S Q, Zhou H N, et al. Crustal structure of Tangshan epicentral region and its relation to the seismogenic process of a continental earthquake. Acta Seismologic. Sinica (in Chinese) , 1985 ,7(2) :125-142
[5] 刘启元,王峻,陈九辉等.1976年唐山大地震的孕震环境:密集地震台阵观测得到的结果,地学前缘,2007,14(6) :205-213 Liu Q Y, Wang J, Chen J H, et al. Seismogenic tectonic environment of 1976 great Tangshan earthquake: results given by dense seismic array observations. Earth Science Frontier (in Chinese), 2007 ,14(6) :205-213
[6] Zheng T Y. Chen L, Zhao L, Xu W W, Zhu R X. Crustmantle structure difference across the gravity gradiet zone in North China Craton, Seismic image of the thinned continental crust. Phys. Earth Planet. Inter. ,2006,159:43-58
[7] Shao X Z, Zhang J R, Liu Q Y, et al. The common features of deep structures in some large earthquake areas of the north China plain and their implication for earthquake site prediction. J. Phys. Earth. , 1986 ,34(Suppl. ) :S223-S239
[8] 金安蜀,刘福田,孙永智等.北京地区地壳和上地幔三维P波速度细结构与强震孕育的深部构造环境.地球物理学报,1980,23(2) :178-182 Jin A S, Liu F T, Sun Y Z, et al. Three-dimensional P velocity structure of the crust and upper mantle under Beijing region. Chinese J. Geophys. (in Chinese) , 1980,23 (2) :172-182
[9] 刘福田,曲克信,吴华等.华北地区的地震层析成像.地球物理学报,1986,29(5) :442-449 Liu F T,Qu K X,Wu H,et al. Seismic tomography of north China region. Chinese J . Geophys. (in Chinese), 1986,29 (5) :442-449
[10] Shedlock K M, Roceker S W. Elastic wave velocity structure under the crust and upper mantle beneath the North China. J. Geophys. Res. , 1987 ,92:19635-19646
[11] 朱露培,曾融生,刘福田.京津唐张地区地壳上地幔三维P波速度结构.地球物理学报,1990,33(3) :267-277 Zhu L P, Zeng R S, Liu F T. Three dimensional P-wave velocity structure under the Beijing network area. Chinese J. eophys. (Acta Geophysica Sinica) (in Chinese) , 1990,33(3) :267-277
[12] 孙若眛,刘福田.京津唐地区地壳结构与强震的发生-Ⅰ.P波速度结构.地球物理学报,1995,38(5) :563-572 Sun R M, Liu F T. Crustal structure and strong earthquakes in Beijing, Tianjing, Tangshan area; I. P wave velocity structure. Chinese J. Geophys. (Acta Geophysica Sinica) (in Chinese),1995,38(5) :563-572
[13] 孙若眛,赵燕来,吴丹.京津唐地区地壳结构与强震的发生-Ⅱ.S波速度结构.地球物理学报,1996,39(3) :347-355 Sun R M, Zhao Y L, Wu D. Crustal structure and strong earthquakes in Beijing, Tianjing, Tangshan area: Ⅱ. S wave velocity structure. Chinese J. Geophys. ( Acta Geophysica Sinica) (in Chinese), 1996,39(3) :347-355
[14] 张先康,王椿镛,刘国栋等.延庆怀来地区地壳细结构 利用深地震反射剖面.地球物理学报,1996,39(3) :356-363 Zhang X K.Wang C Y, Liu G D,et al. Fine crustal structure in Yanqing-Huailai region by deep seismic reflection profiling. Chinese J. Geophys. (Acta Geophysica Sinica ) (in Chinese),1996,39(3) :356-363
[15] 刘启元,李顺成,沈杨等.延怀盆地及其邻区地壳上地幔速度结构的宽频带地震台阵研究.地球物理学报,1997,40(6) :763-771 Liu Q Y, Li S C, Shen Y, et al. Broadband seismic array study of the crust and upper mantle velocity structure beneath Yanhuai basin and its neighbouring region. Chinese J. Geophys. (Acta Geophysica Sinica) (in Chinese), 1997,40(6) :763-771
[16] 李松林,张先康,宋占隆等.多条人工地震测深剖面资料联合反演首都圈三维地壳结构.地球物理学报,2001． 44(3) :361-368 Li S L, Zhang X K, Song Z L. et al. Three dimensional crustal structure of the Capital area obtained by a joint invertion of DSS data from multiple profiles. Chinese J. Geophys. (in Chinese),2001,44(3) :361-368
[17] 于湘伟,陈运泰,王培德.京津唐地区三维P波速度结构.地震学报,2003． 25(1) :1-14 Yu X W, Chen Y T. Wang P D. Three dimensional P wave velocity structure in Beijing. Tianjing, Tangshan area. Acta Seismologica Sinica (in Chinese), 2003,25(1) :1-14
[18] Huang Jinli, Zhao Dapeng. Crustal heterogeneity and seismotectonias of the region around Beijing, China. Tectonophysics, 2004 ,385:159-180
[19] 刘启元,Kind R,陈九辉等.大别造山带壳幔界面的断错结构和壳内低速体.中国科学(D辑:地球科学),2005,35(4) :304-313 Liu Q Y, Kind R, Chen J H, et al. Dislocation structure of the crust-mantle boundary and low-velocity body within the crust beneath the Dabie Shan collision orogen. Science in China(Ser D), 2005,48(7) :875-885
[20] 嘉世旭,齐诚,王夫运等.首都圈地壳网格化三维结构.地球物理学报.2005,48(6) :1316-1324 Jia S X, Qi C, Wang F Y, et al. Three dimensional crustal gridded structure of the Capital area. Chinese J . Geophys. (in Chinese) ,2005,48(6) :1316-1324
[21] 黄金莉,赵大鹏.首都圈地区地壳三维P波速度细结构与强震孕育的深部构造环境.科学通报,2005,50(4) :348-355 Huang J L, Zhao D P. Three-dimension P-wave velocity structure of the crust beneath the captital circle and the deep tectonic environment of strong earthquake. Chinese Science Bulletin (in Chinese) ,2005 ,50(4) : 348-355
[22] Zheng T Y, Chen L, Zhao L, Zhu R X. Crustal structure across the Yanshan belt at the northern margin of the North China Craton. Phys. Earth Planet. Inter. ,2007,161:36-49
[23] 刘启元.陈九辉,李顺成等.新疆伽师强震群区三维地壳上地幔S波速度结构及其地震成因的探讨.地球物理学报,2000,43(3) :356-365 Liu Q Y, Chen J H, Li S C, et al. Passive seismic experiment in the Xinjiang-Jiashi strong earthquake region and discussion on its seismic genesis. Chinese J . Geophys. (in Chinese). 2000,43(3) :356-365
[24] 赖院根,刘启元.陈九辉等.首都圈地区横波分裂与地壳应力场特征.地球物理学报.2006,49(1) :190-196 Lai Y G. Liu Q Y. Chen J H, et al. Shear wave splitting and the features of the crustal stress field in the Capital Circle. Chinese J. Geophys. (in Chinese), 2006,49(1) : 190-196
[25] 王峻,刘启无,陈九辉等.首都圈地区的地壳厚度及泊松比.地球物理学报,2009,52(1) :57-66 Wang J, Liu Q Y. Chen J H. et al. . The cruslal thickness and Poisson's ratio beneath the capital circle region. Chinese J. Geophys. (in Chinese),2009,52(1) :57-66
[26] 刘启元,Kind R,李顺成.接收函数复谱比的最大或然性估计及非线性反演.地球物理学报,1996,39(4) :500-511 Liu Q Y, Kind R, Li S C Maximal likelihood estimation and nonlinear inversion of the complex receiver function spectrum ratio. Chinese J . Geophys. (in Chinese),1996,39(4) :500-511
[27] 邓起东,张培震,冉勇康等.中国活动构造基本特征.中国科学(D辑):地球科学,2002,32(12) :1020-1030 Deng Q D,Zhang P Z,Ran Y K,et al. Basic characteristics of active tectonics in China. Science in China (Ser. D) (in Chinese),2002,32(12) .1020-1030
[28] 顾功叙.中国地震目录.北京:科学出版社,1983 Gu G X. China Seismic Catalog ( in Chinese). Beijing:Science Press, 1983
版权所有：© 2023 中国地质图书馆 中国地质调查局地学文献中心