不同矿井煤样变形破裂过程中的电荷感应实验研究
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摘要
采用单轴压缩煤电荷感应信号测试系统,研究了不同矿井煤在不同加载速度下变形破裂过程中的电荷感应规律。研究结果表明,煤样在加载初期即有电荷感应信号,随着应力水平的增加,不断有电荷感应信号产生,且信号幅值不断增加,在应力峰值前后电荷感应信号最强,信号也最为丰富,煤样主破裂发生后仍有明显的电荷信号,但信号幅值较小;在煤样应力发生突变时有较强的电荷感应信号产生;抗压强度越高、冲击倾向性越强的煤样,电荷感应信号也越强,信号越丰富,持续时间越长;加载速度越大,所产生的电荷感应信号越强。电荷感应信号与煤的变形破裂和煤样类型有一定关系,可以用电荷感应信号反映煤的破坏程度。
By the experimental system for collecting the charge-induced signal of the coal,the law of charge induction of coal in the different mine in process of the coal deformation and fracture is studied under different loading rates in laboratory.The experimental results show that the charge-induced signal is generated in the initial load of coal.With the increase of the loading stress level,the charge-induced signal is generated constantly,and the signal amplitude increases.Before and after the peak stress of coal,the strongest charge-induced signal is generated,and the signal is also the most abundant.After the main rupture of coal,the evident charge-induced signal is still generated,but the signal amplitude is smaller.The stronger signal of charge induction produces during coal stress mutation.The higher compressive strength of the coal and the stronger bump-prone of the coal are,the stronger the charge-induced signal is and the longer the signal duration is.The greater the loading rate is,the stronger the charge-induced signal is.Our result suggests that the charge production is relation to the deformation and fracture of coal and coal type,the coal damage degree under load may be determined from the charge-induced signal.
By the experimental system for collecting the charge-induced signal of the coal,the law of charge induction of coal in the different mine in process of the coal deformation and fracture is studied under different loading rates in laboratory.The experimental results show that the charge-induced signal is generated in the initial load of coal.With the increase of the loading stress level,the charge-induced signal is generated constantly,and the signal amplitude increases.Before and after the peak stress of coal,the strongest charge-induced signal is generated,and the signal is also the most abundant.After the main rupture of coal,the evident charge-induced signal is still generated,but the signal amplitude is smaller.The stronger signal of charge induction produces during coal stress mutation.The higher compressive strength of the coal and the stronger bump-prone of the coal are,the stronger the charge-induced signal is and the longer the signal duration is.The greater the loading rate is,the stronger the charge-induced signal is.Our result suggests that the charge production is relation to the deformation and fracture of coal and coal type,the coal damage degree under load may be determined from the charge-induced signal.
引文
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[11]赵扬锋,潘一山,李国臻,等.岩石变形破裂过程中电荷感应信号的检测[J].防灾减灾工程学报,2010,30(3):252-256.Zhao Y F,Pan Y Sh,Li G Zh,et al.Measuring of thecharge-induced signal of rock during the deformationand fracture process[J].Journal of Disaster Preventionand Mitigation Engineering,2010,30(3):252-256.
[12]赵扬锋,潘一山,刘玉春,等.单轴压缩条件下煤样电荷感应试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2011,30(2):306-312.Zhao Y F,Pan Y Sh,Liu Y Ch,et al.Experimentalstudy of charge induction of coal samples under unia-xial compression[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Me-chanics and Engineering,2011,30(2):306-312.
[2]何学秋,王恩元,聂百胜,等.煤岩流变电磁动力学[M].北京:科学出版社,2003.He X Q,Wang E Y,Nie B Sh,et al.ElectromagneticDynamics of Coal or Rock Rheology[M].Beijing:Sci-ence Press,2003.
[3]郭自强,郭子棋,钱书清,等.岩石破裂中的电声效应[J].地球物理学报,1999,42(1):74-83.Guo Z Q,Guo Z Q,Qian Sh Q,et al.Electro-acousticeffect in rock fracturing[J].Chinese Journal of Geo-physics,1999,42(1):74-83.
[4]Kuksenko V S,Makhmudov Kh F.Mechanically-in-duced electrical effects in natural dielectrics[J].Tech-nical Physics Letters,1997,23(2):126-127.
[5]Kuksenko V S,Makhmudov Kh F,Ponomarev A V.Relaxation of electric fields induced by mechanicalloading in natural dielectrics[J].Physics of the SolidState,1997,39(7):1065-1066.
[6]朱元清,罗祥麟,郭自强,等.岩石破裂时电磁辐射的机理研究[J].地球物理学报,1991,34(5):594-601.Zhu Y Q,Luo X L,Guo Z Q,et al.A study of mech-anism on electromagnetic emission associated with rockfracture[J].Acta Geophysica Sinica,1991,34(5):594-601.
[7]吴小平,施行觉,郭自强.花岗岩压缩带电的实验研究[J].地球物理学报,1990,33(2):208-211.Wu X P,Shi X J,Guo Z Q.Study of the electrifica-tion of granite samples under compression[J].ActaGeophysica Sinica,1990,33(2):208-211.
[8]郝锦绮,刘力强,龙海丽,等.双轴压力下岩样自电位变化实验的新结果[J].地球物理学报,2004,47(3):475-482.Hao J Q,Liu L Q,Long H L,et al.New result ofthe experiment on self-potential change of rocks underbiaxial compression[J].Chinese Journal of Geophys-ics,2004,47(3):475-482.
[9]郝锦绮,钱书清,高金田,等.岩石破裂过程中的超低频电磁异常[J].地震学报,2003,25(1):102-111.Hao J Q,Qian Sh Q,Gao J T,et al.ULF electric andmagnetic anomalies accompanying the cracking of rocksample[J].Acta Seismologica Sinica,2003,25(1):102-111.
[10]赵扬锋,潘一山.单轴压缩下花岗岩电磁信号的实验研究[J].中国地质灾害与防治学报,2009,20(3):132-137,141.Zhao Y F,Pan Y Sh.Study on the charge and magnet-ic signal of granite samples under unia-xial compression[J].The Chinese Journal of Geological Hazard andControl,2009,20(3):132-137,141.
[11]赵扬锋,潘一山,李国臻,等.岩石变形破裂过程中电荷感应信号的检测[J].防灾减灾工程学报,2010,30(3):252-256.Zhao Y F,Pan Y Sh,Li G Zh,et al.Measuring of thecharge-induced signal of rock during the deformationand fracture process[J].Journal of Disaster Preventionand Mitigation Engineering,2010,30(3):252-256.
[12]赵扬锋,潘一山,刘玉春,等.单轴压缩条件下煤样电荷感应试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2011,30(2):306-312.Zhao Y F,Pan Y Sh,Liu Y Ch,et al.Experimentalstudy of charge induction of coal samples under unia-xial compression[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Me-chanics and Engineering,2011,30(2):306-312.
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