地震灾后早期心理状况及心理需求分析
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摘要
[目的]分析地震灾后早期心理状况及心理需求。[方法]对124例地震灾民在受灾后1月内进行症状自评量表测量及心理访谈。[结果]在震后早期受灾群众便出现不同程度的心理应激反应,主要表现为焦虑、恐惧,甚至幻觉等。主要心理需求是安全感、基本生活保障、信息、归属感、爱的需求。[结论]救援人员和医务人员是与灾后群众接触最早的人群,在救援的同时,掌握受灾群众的心理需求并依据特定对象把握危机干预的原则,有效的对受灾群众进行早期心理危机干预,帮助受灾群众走出危机。
[Objective] To analyze the psychological status and requirement of people in early stage of earthquake. [Methods] Investigated the 124 victims from earthquake with Symptom Check List-90 (SCL-90) and psychological discussion was used among these people. [Results] There were different degrees of psychological reactions during the early stage after the earthquake, most of them had anxiety, horror, even illusion, etc. The main psychological requirements were safety, fundamental living support, information, ascription feeling and love. [Conclusion] The rescue and medical staff were the earliest people who contacted with the victims. In order to do crisis intervention for the victims at first stage after the earthquake, it is very important for them to understand the psychological status and requirements.
[Objective] To analyze the psychological status and requirement of people in early stage of earthquake. [Methods] Investigated the 124 victims from earthquake with Symptom Check List-90 (SCL-90) and psychological discussion was used among these people. [Results] There were different degrees of psychological reactions during the early stage after the earthquake, most of them had anxiety, horror, even illusion, etc. The main psychological requirements were safety, fundamental living support, information, ascription feeling and love. [Conclusion] The rescue and medical staff were the earliest people who contacted with the victims. In order to do crisis intervention for the victims at first stage after the earthquake, it is very important for them to understand the psychological status and requirements.
引文
边俊士,井西学,庄娜.症状自评量表(SCL-90)在心理健康研究中应用的争议[J].中国健康心理学杂志,2008,16(2):231-233.
金华,吴文源,张明圆,等.中国正常人SCL-90评定结果的初步分析[J].中国神经精神疾病杂志,1986,12(5):260.
Zhang W,Lee LC,Connor KM,et al.Symptoms of neurastheniafollowing earthquake trauma:re-examination of a discarded syn-drome[J].Psychiatry Research,2007,153(2):171-177.
王丽萍,张本,姜涛.唐山大地震所致慢性创伤捂应激障碍临床研究[J].中国心理卫生杂志,2005,9(8):517-520.
李勇,贺丹军,吴玉琴,等.汶川大地震受灾者创伤后应激症状及危险因素[J].中国康复医学杂志,2008,23(10):868-871.
吴少怡,许晓梅.急性应激后及时心理干预的有效性研究[J].精神医学杂志,2008,21(4):250-251.
钟玉莲.地震后的心理应激与危机干预[J].北京教育学院学报(自然科学版),2008,3(4):34-37.
金华,吴文源,张明圆,等.中国正常人SCL-90评定结果的初步分析[J].中国神经精神疾病杂志,1986,12(5):260.
Zhang W,Lee LC,Connor KM,et al.Symptoms of neurastheniafollowing earthquake trauma:re-examination of a discarded syn-drome[J].Psychiatry Research,2007,153(2):171-177.
王丽萍,张本,姜涛.唐山大地震所致慢性创伤捂应激障碍临床研究[J].中国心理卫生杂志,2005,9(8):517-520.
李勇,贺丹军,吴玉琴,等.汶川大地震受灾者创伤后应激症状及危险因素[J].中国康复医学杂志,2008,23(10):868-871.
吴少怡,许晓梅.急性应激后及时心理干预的有效性研究[J].精神医学杂志,2008,21(4):250-251.
钟玉莲.地震后的心理应激与危机干预[J].北京教育学院学报(自然科学版),2008,3(4):34-37.
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