准噶尔盆地中生代演化的地层学和沉积学证据
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摘要
准噶尔盆地是一个构造演化复杂、由多个含油气凹陷构成的盆地。根据盆地中生界地层发育特征、地震资料及前人研究成果 ,探讨了准噶尔盆地中生代的沉积特征、沉积范围、沉积中心迁移特征及断裂对沉积的控制作用 ,将中生代准噶尔盆地划分为三叠纪—侏罗纪断 -拗盆地和白垩纪陆内坳陷盆地两个发育阶段 ,其中晚侏罗世—早白垩世早期可能是盆地由张性背景向挤压背景转化的重要时期
According to the analyses of depositional facies, seismic and geologic information, the Triassic-Jurassic depocenter was near to Urumqi city, and the Cretaceous depocenter migrated northwards to the central part of the Junggar basin. In southern Junggar basin boundary area, the Triassic, especially the Lower Triassic, was a set of strata of braided stream to braided delta facies, suggesting the Triassic basin boundary was near to that of present day. The Lower Jurassic was alluvial-fan to fan-delta facies in Houxia area (80 km south to Urumuqi) and braided delta facies in Toutun River section. The Middle Jurassic was braided delta facies in Houxia area and meandering river to lacustrine facies in Toutun River section. The Houxia area and Tuntun River sections were formed in the same sedimentary system, which suggests a southward migration of the Jurassic basin boundary toward the Houxia area. Consequently, the Junggar basin couldn't be foreland basin during the Triassic-Jurassic. The Upper Jurassic Kalazha conglomerate in southern Junggar basin and the Cretaceous basal conglomerate recorded rapid uplift and denudation during the Late Jurassic to the earliest Cretaceous. The rapid uplift and denudation might be related to the amalgamation of Lhasa block on the south margin of Eurasia plate. The basin boundary shrank obviously in Cretaceous near to southern Junggar basin boundary of present day. The Mesozoic tectonic evolution of Junggar Basin could be divided into two episodes: the extensional faulted-depression from the Triassic to Jurassic and the compressional intra-continent depression in the Cretaceous.
According to the analyses of depositional facies, seismic and geologic information, the Triassic-Jurassic depocenter was near to Urumqi city, and the Cretaceous depocenter migrated northwards to the central part of the Junggar basin. In southern Junggar basin boundary area, the Triassic, especially the Lower Triassic, was a set of strata of braided stream to braided delta facies, suggesting the Triassic basin boundary was near to that of present day. The Lower Jurassic was alluvial-fan to fan-delta facies in Houxia area (80 km south to Urumuqi) and braided delta facies in Toutun River section. The Middle Jurassic was braided delta facies in Houxia area and meandering river to lacustrine facies in Toutun River section. The Houxia area and Tuntun River sections were formed in the same sedimentary system, which suggests a southward migration of the Jurassic basin boundary toward the Houxia area. Consequently, the Junggar basin couldn't be foreland basin during the Triassic-Jurassic. The Upper Jurassic Kalazha conglomerate in southern Junggar basin and the Cretaceous basal conglomerate recorded rapid uplift and denudation during the Late Jurassic to the earliest Cretaceous. The rapid uplift and denudation might be related to the amalgamation of Lhasa block on the south margin of Eurasia plate. The basin boundary shrank obviously in Cretaceous near to southern Junggar basin boundary of present day. The Mesozoic tectonic evolution of Junggar Basin could be divided into two episodes: the extensional faulted-depression from the Triassic to Jurassic and the compressional intra-continent depression in the Cretaceous.
引文
王昌桂等.1999.新疆北部地区诸盆地二叠系综合评价及勘探目标选择成果报告.西北大学地质系
王昌桂等.1999新疆北部地区诸盆地二叠系综合评价及勘探目标选择成果报告.西北大学地质系
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曹守连,何登法.1997.柴窝堡盆地的构造演化.大地构造与成矿学,21(3):262269.
陈新,卢华复,舒良树,等.2002.准噶尔盆地构造演化分析新进展.高校地质学报,8(3):257267
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郭令智,朱文斌,马瑞士,等.2003.论构造耦合作用.大地构造与成矿学,27(3):197205.
郭召杰,马瑞士,王超.1993.新疆东部塔克扎勒—伊吾蛇绿混杂岩带及其构造背景.南京大学学报(地球科学),5(1):8288
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柳永清,李寅.2001.准噶尔盆地侏罗系露头层序地层及沉积学特征.地球学报,22(1):4954.
马瑞士,王赐银,叶尚夫,等.1993.东天山构造格架及地壳演化.南京:南京大学出版社,1202
王俊明,窦松江,肖建玲.2002.柴窝堡盆地石油地质特征及油气勘探前景.新疆地质,20(4):384388
肖序常,汤耀庆,冯益民,等.1992.新疆北部及其邻区大地构造.北京:地质出版社,1169
张功成,陈新发,刘楼军,等.1999准噶尔盆地结构构造与油气田分布.石油学报,20(1),1318
赵泽辉,郭召杰,张臣,等.2003.新疆东部三塘湖盆地构造演化及其石油地质意义.北京大学学报,39(2):219228
中国科学院地学部,新疆石油管理局1989.准噶尔盆地形成演化与油气形成.北京:科学出版社,2930
AllenMB ,WindleyBFandZhangC .1994.CenozoictectonicsintheUrumqi-KorlaregionoftheChineseTianShan.GeologischeRundschau,83:406-416.
AllenMB ,VincentsSJandWheelerPJ .1999.LateCenozoictectonicsoftheKepingtogethrustzone:InteractionbetweentheTianShanandtheTarimBasin,NorthwestChina.Tectonics,18:639654.
AvouacJP ,TapponnierP ,BaiM ,etal.,1993.ActivethrustingandfoldingalongthenorthernTianShanandlateCenozoicrotationoftheTarimrelativetoDzungariaandKazakhstan.J .Geophys.Res.,98:67556804.
CaiZhongxian,ChenFajingandJiaZhenyuan.2000.TypesandtectonicevolutionofJunggarBasin.EarthScienceFrontiers,7(4):431440(inChinesewithEnglishabstract).
CaoShoulian,HeDengfa.1997.EvolutionoftheCaiwopubasin,Xinjiang.GeotectonicaetMetallogenia,21(3):262269(inChinesewithEnglishabstract).
ChenXin,LuHuafu,ShuLiangshu,etal.2002.StudyontectonicevolutionofJunggarBasin.GeologicalJournalofChinaUniversities,8(3):257267(inChinesewithEnglishabstract).
ColemanRG .1989.ContinentalgrowthofNorthwestChina.Tectonics,8(3):621635.
FangShihu.2004.Mesozoic-Cenozoictectonicevolution,Basin&OrogenycouplingofSouthernJunggarBasin(unpublishedPh.D .the sis).Beijing:PekingUniversity,4059(inChinese).
GeologyDepartment,ChineseAcadamyofSciencesandXinjiangOilfield,PetroChina.1989.FormationofOilandGasandTectonicEvolu tionofJunggarBasin,NorthwesternChina.Beijing:SciencePress,2930(inChinese).
GrahamSA ,HendrixMS ,WangLB ,etal.1993.CollisionalsuccessorbasinsofwesternChina:Impactoftectonicinheritanceonsandcomposition.GeologicalSocietyofAmericaBulletin,105:323344.
GuoLingzhi,ZhuWenbin,MaRuishi,etal.2003.Discussiononthestructuralcoupling.GeotectonicaetMetallogenia,27(3):197205(inChinesewithEnglistabstract).
GuoZhaojie,MaRuishi,WangChao.1993.Thetakezaly-YiwuOphioliticMelangezoneanditstectonicsettinginEastXinjiang.JournalofNanjingUniversity(EarthSciences),5(1):8288(inChinesewithEnglishabstract).
HanBaofu,HeGuoqi,WangShiguang.1998.Postcollisionalmantle derivedmagmatismandverticalgrowthofthecontinentalcrustinnorthXinjiang.GeologicalReview,44(4):396406(inChinesewithEnglishabstract).
HanBaofu,HeGuoqi,WangShiguang,etal.1999.Postcollisionalmantle derivedmagmatism,underplatingandimplicationsforbasementoftheJunggarBasin.ScienceinChina(SeriesD),42(2):113119
HeGuoqi,LiMaosong,LiuDequan,etal.1994.PaleozoicCrustalEvolutionandMineralizationinXinjiang,China.Urumqi:People’sPressofXinjiang,1437(inChinese).
HendrixMS ,GrahamSA ,CarrollAR ,etal.1992.SedimentaryrecordandclimaticimplicationsofrecurrentdeformationintheTian shan:EvidencefromMesozoicstrataofthenorthTarim,SouthJunggar,andTurpanbasins,NorthwestChina.Geol.Soc.Am.Bull.,104:5379.
JolivetM ,BrunelM ,SewardD ,etal.2001.MesozoicandCenozoictectonicsofthenorthernedgeoftheTibetanplateau:Fission-trackconstraints.Tectonophysics,343:111134.
LiJinyi.1995.MaincharacteristicsandemplacementprocessesoftheEastJunggarOphiolites,Xinjiang,China.ActaPetrologicaSinica,11(suppl.):7384(inChinesewithEnglishabstract).
LiZhongquan,ChenGengsheng,ZhangShouting.1998.DiscussionontheextensionaldynamicsettinginthesouthborderofJunggarBasin.GeologicalJournalofChinaUniversities,4(1):7378(inChinesewithEnglishabstract).
LiuHefu,LiangHuishe,CaiLiguo,etal.1994.EvolutionandstructuralstyleofTianshanandadjacentbasins,northwesternChina.EarthScience-JournalofChinaUniversityofGeosciences,19(6):727741.
LiuHefu,WangZecheng,XiongBaoxian,etal.2000.CouplinganalysisofMesozoic-Cenozoicforelandbasinandmountainsystemincen tralandWesternChina.EarthScienceFrontiers,7(3):5572.
LiuYongqing,LiYin.2001.ResearchontheTerrigenousoutcropsequencestratigraphyandsedimentologyintheJurassicJunggarBasin.ActaGeoscientiaSinica,22(1):4954(inChinesewithEnglishabstract).
MaRuishi,WangCiyin,YeShangfu,etal.1993.TectonicEvolutionandMetallogenyofEasternTianshanMountains.Nanjing:NanjingU niversityPress,1202(inChinese).
MolnarPandTapponnierP .1975.CenozoictectonicsofAsia:effectsonacontinentalcollision.Science,189:419426.
SobelER .1999.BasinanalysisoftheJurassic-LowerCretaceoussouthwestTarimbasin,NorthwestChina,GSABulletin,111(5):709724.
TapponnierPandMonlarP .1979.ActiveFaultingandCenozoictectonicsoftheTienShan,Mongolia,andBaykalRegions.J .Geophys.Res.,84:34253459.
WangJunming,DouSongjiang,XiaoJianling.2002.PetroleumgeologyandexplorationprojectofCaiwopuBasin,Xinjiang.XinjiangGe ology,20(4):384388(inChinesewithEnglishabstract).
XiaoXuchang,TangYaoqing,FengYiminetal.1992.TectonicEvolutionofNorthernXinJiangandItsAdjacentRegions.Beijing:GeologyPress,1169(inChinesewithEnglishabstract).
ZhangGongcheng,ChenXinfa,LiuLoujun,etal.1999.Thetectonicevolution,architectureandpetroleumdistributionintheJunggarBasin,China.ACTA ,20(1):1318(inChinesewithEnglishabstract).
ZhaoZehui,GuoZhaojie,ZhangChen,etal.2003.TectonicevolutionoftheSantanghuBasin,EastXinjianganditsimplicationforthehy drocarbonaccumulation.ActaScientiarumNaturaliumUniversitatisPekinensis,39(2):219228(inChinesewithEnglishabstract).
王昌桂等.1999新疆北部地区诸盆地二叠系综合评价及勘探目标选择成果报告.西北大学地质系
蔡忠贤,陈发景,贾振远.2000.准噶尔盆地的类型和构造演化地学前缘,7(4):431440
曹守连,何登法.1997.柴窝堡盆地的构造演化.大地构造与成矿学,21(3):262269.
陈新,卢华复,舒良树,等.2002.准噶尔盆地构造演化分析新进展.高校地质学报,8(3):257267
方世虎.2004.准噶尔盆地南缘中新生代构造演化及盆山关系研究[博士论文]北京:北京大学图书馆(电子版),4059.
郭令智,朱文斌,马瑞士,等.2003.论构造耦合作用.大地构造与成矿学,27(3):197205.
郭召杰,马瑞士,王超.1993.新疆东部塔克扎勒—伊吾蛇绿混杂岩带及其构造背景.南京大学学报(地球科学),5(1):8288
韩宝福,何国琦,王式氵光.1998.新疆北部后碰撞幔源岩浆活动与陆壳纵向生长.地质论评,44(4):396406
何国琦,李茂松,刘德权,等.1994.中国新疆古生代地壳演化及成矿.乌鲁木齐:新疆人民出版社
李锦轶.1995.新疆东准噶尔蛇绿岩的基本特征和侵位历史.岩石学报,11(增刊):7384
李忠权,陈更生,张寿庭.1998.新疆准噶尔盆地南缘拉张伸展动力学环境的探讨.高校地质学报,4(1):73～78
刘和甫,梁慧社,蔡立国,等.1994.天山两侧前陆冲断系构造样式与前陆盆地演化.地球科学(中国地质大学学报),19(6):727741
刘和甫,汪泽成,熊保贤,等.2000中国西部中、新生带前陆盆地与挤压造山带耦合分析.地学前缘,7(3):5572
柳永清,李寅.2001.准噶尔盆地侏罗系露头层序地层及沉积学特征.地球学报,22(1):4954.
马瑞士,王赐银,叶尚夫,等.1993.东天山构造格架及地壳演化.南京:南京大学出版社,1202
王俊明,窦松江,肖建玲.2002.柴窝堡盆地石油地质特征及油气勘探前景.新疆地质,20(4):384388
肖序常,汤耀庆,冯益民,等.1992.新疆北部及其邻区大地构造.北京:地质出版社,1169
张功成,陈新发,刘楼军,等.1999准噶尔盆地结构构造与油气田分布.石油学报,20(1),1318
赵泽辉,郭召杰,张臣,等.2003.新疆东部三塘湖盆地构造演化及其石油地质意义.北京大学学报,39(2):219228
中国科学院地学部,新疆石油管理局1989.准噶尔盆地形成演化与油气形成.北京:科学出版社,2930
AllenMB ,WindleyBFandZhangC .1994.CenozoictectonicsintheUrumqi-KorlaregionoftheChineseTianShan.GeologischeRundschau,83:406-416.
AllenMB ,VincentsSJandWheelerPJ .1999.LateCenozoictectonicsoftheKepingtogethrustzone:InteractionbetweentheTianShanandtheTarimBasin,NorthwestChina.Tectonics,18:639654.
AvouacJP ,TapponnierP ,BaiM ,etal.,1993.ActivethrustingandfoldingalongthenorthernTianShanandlateCenozoicrotationoftheTarimrelativetoDzungariaandKazakhstan.J .Geophys.Res.,98:67556804.
CaiZhongxian,ChenFajingandJiaZhenyuan.2000.TypesandtectonicevolutionofJunggarBasin.EarthScienceFrontiers,7(4):431440(inChinesewithEnglishabstract).
CaoShoulian,HeDengfa.1997.EvolutionoftheCaiwopubasin,Xinjiang.GeotectonicaetMetallogenia,21(3):262269(inChinesewithEnglishabstract).
ChenXin,LuHuafu,ShuLiangshu,etal.2002.StudyontectonicevolutionofJunggarBasin.GeologicalJournalofChinaUniversities,8(3):257267(inChinesewithEnglishabstract).
ColemanRG .1989.ContinentalgrowthofNorthwestChina.Tectonics,8(3):621635.
FangShihu.2004.Mesozoic-Cenozoictectonicevolution,Basin&OrogenycouplingofSouthernJunggarBasin(unpublishedPh.D .the sis).Beijing:PekingUniversity,4059(inChinese).
GeologyDepartment,ChineseAcadamyofSciencesandXinjiangOilfield,PetroChina.1989.FormationofOilandGasandTectonicEvolu tionofJunggarBasin,NorthwesternChina.Beijing:SciencePress,2930(inChinese).
GrahamSA ,HendrixMS ,WangLB ,etal.1993.CollisionalsuccessorbasinsofwesternChina:Impactoftectonicinheritanceonsandcomposition.GeologicalSocietyofAmericaBulletin,105:323344.
GuoLingzhi,ZhuWenbin,MaRuishi,etal.2003.Discussiononthestructuralcoupling.GeotectonicaetMetallogenia,27(3):197205(inChinesewithEnglistabstract).
GuoZhaojie,MaRuishi,WangChao.1993.Thetakezaly-YiwuOphioliticMelangezoneanditstectonicsettinginEastXinjiang.JournalofNanjingUniversity(EarthSciences),5(1):8288(inChinesewithEnglishabstract).
HanBaofu,HeGuoqi,WangShiguang.1998.Postcollisionalmantle derivedmagmatismandverticalgrowthofthecontinentalcrustinnorthXinjiang.GeologicalReview,44(4):396406(inChinesewithEnglishabstract).
HanBaofu,HeGuoqi,WangShiguang,etal.1999.Postcollisionalmantle derivedmagmatism,underplatingandimplicationsforbasementoftheJunggarBasin.ScienceinChina(SeriesD),42(2):113119
HeGuoqi,LiMaosong,LiuDequan,etal.1994.PaleozoicCrustalEvolutionandMineralizationinXinjiang,China.Urumqi:People’sPressofXinjiang,1437(inChinese).
HendrixMS ,GrahamSA ,CarrollAR ,etal.1992.SedimentaryrecordandclimaticimplicationsofrecurrentdeformationintheTian shan:EvidencefromMesozoicstrataofthenorthTarim,SouthJunggar,andTurpanbasins,NorthwestChina.Geol.Soc.Am.Bull.,104:5379.
JolivetM ,BrunelM ,SewardD ,etal.2001.MesozoicandCenozoictectonicsofthenorthernedgeoftheTibetanplateau:Fission-trackconstraints.Tectonophysics,343:111134.
LiJinyi.1995.MaincharacteristicsandemplacementprocessesoftheEastJunggarOphiolites,Xinjiang,China.ActaPetrologicaSinica,11(suppl.):7384(inChinesewithEnglishabstract).
LiZhongquan,ChenGengsheng,ZhangShouting.1998.DiscussionontheextensionaldynamicsettinginthesouthborderofJunggarBasin.GeologicalJournalofChinaUniversities,4(1):7378(inChinesewithEnglishabstract).
LiuHefu,LiangHuishe,CaiLiguo,etal.1994.EvolutionandstructuralstyleofTianshanandadjacentbasins,northwesternChina.EarthScience-JournalofChinaUniversityofGeosciences,19(6):727741.
LiuHefu,WangZecheng,XiongBaoxian,etal.2000.CouplinganalysisofMesozoic-Cenozoicforelandbasinandmountainsystemincen tralandWesternChina.EarthScienceFrontiers,7(3):5572.
LiuYongqing,LiYin.2001.ResearchontheTerrigenousoutcropsequencestratigraphyandsedimentologyintheJurassicJunggarBasin.ActaGeoscientiaSinica,22(1):4954(inChinesewithEnglishabstract).
MaRuishi,WangCiyin,YeShangfu,etal.1993.TectonicEvolutionandMetallogenyofEasternTianshanMountains.Nanjing:NanjingU niversityPress,1202(inChinese).
MolnarPandTapponnierP .1975.CenozoictectonicsofAsia:effectsonacontinentalcollision.Science,189:419426.
SobelER .1999.BasinanalysisoftheJurassic-LowerCretaceoussouthwestTarimbasin,NorthwestChina,GSABulletin,111(5):709724.
TapponnierPandMonlarP .1979.ActiveFaultingandCenozoictectonicsoftheTienShan,Mongolia,andBaykalRegions.J .Geophys.Res.,84:34253459.
WangJunming,DouSongjiang,XiaoJianling.2002.PetroleumgeologyandexplorationprojectofCaiwopuBasin,Xinjiang.XinjiangGe ology,20(4):384388(inChinesewithEnglishabstract).
XiaoXuchang,TangYaoqing,FengYiminetal.1992.TectonicEvolutionofNorthernXinJiangandItsAdjacentRegions.Beijing:GeologyPress,1169(inChinesewithEnglishabstract).
ZhangGongcheng,ChenXinfa,LiuLoujun,etal.1999.Thetectonicevolution,architectureandpetroleumdistributionintheJunggarBasin,China.ACTA ,20(1):1318(inChinesewithEnglishabstract).
ZhaoZehui,GuoZhaojie,ZhangChen,etal.2003.TectonicevolutionoftheSantanghuBasin,EastXinjianganditsimplicationforthehy drocarbonaccumulation.ActaScientiarumNaturaliumUniversitatisPekinensis,39(2):219228(inChinesewithEnglishabstract).
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