动水压力对连续刚构桥梁地震响应的影响
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摘要
为了研究地震作用下深水薄壁空心桥墩内外域水体动水压力对连续刚构桥梁动力响应的影响,应用流固耦合有限元理论,考虑重力、纵向预应力和动水压力,建立了庙子坪岷江大桥连续刚构桥梁的计算模型,并采用实测的地震波进行计算.结果表明:动水压力对连续刚构桥梁自振频率和振型的影响不大,前30阶频率降低率最大值约为8%,箱梁各部分横向位移峰值增量在10%～20%之间,主墩内力峰值增量最大值约170%,箱梁内力峰值增量最大值约75%;地震加速度、桥墩入水深度是影响动水压力的重要因素.
The hydrodynamic pressure caused by inner water and outer water of thin-walled hollow piers under earthquake has an effect on the dynamic response of continuous rigid-framed bridges.In order to investigate the effect,a calculation model for the continuous rigid-framed part of Miaoziping Minjiang bridge,which is based on the finite element theory of fluid structure-interaction,was built by using ANSYS Fluid30 element to simulate water.The seismic response of the bridge was calculated by taking into account the gravity,longitudinal prestress,hydrodynamic pressure,and earthquake waves recorded by the nearest seismic station.The results show that hydrodynamic pressure has little influence on natural frequencies and mode shapes of the continuous rigid-framed bridge,and the maximum reduction rate of the first 30 natural frequencies is approximately 8%,increments of transverse displacement peaks of the box girder reach 10%-20%,the maximum increment of internal force peaks of the main piers reaches 170%,and this value is about 75% for the box girder;and,the earthquake wave acceleration and water depth are the important factors influencing the hydrodynamic pressure.
The hydrodynamic pressure caused by inner water and outer water of thin-walled hollow piers under earthquake has an effect on the dynamic response of continuous rigid-framed bridges.In order to investigate the effect,a calculation model for the continuous rigid-framed part of Miaoziping Minjiang bridge,which is based on the finite element theory of fluid structure-interaction,was built by using ANSYS Fluid30 element to simulate water.The seismic response of the bridge was calculated by taking into account the gravity,longitudinal prestress,hydrodynamic pressure,and earthquake waves recorded by the nearest seismic station.The results show that hydrodynamic pressure has little influence on natural frequencies and mode shapes of the continuous rigid-framed bridge,and the maximum reduction rate of the first 30 natural frequencies is approximately 8%,increments of transverse displacement peaks of the box girder reach 10%-20%,the maximum increment of internal force peaks of the main piers reaches 170%,and this value is about 75% for the box girder;and,the earthquake wave acceleration and water depth are the important factors influencing the hydrodynamic pressure.
引文
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[2]孙利民,李凤琴,张鹏.弹体水中自振特性的有限元分析[J].淮阴工学院学报,2008,17(3):3-4.SUN Limin,LI Fengqin,ZHANG Peng.Finite elementanalysis of missile's free-vibration characteristics in thewater[J].Journal of Huaiyin Institute of Technology,2008,17(3):3-4.
[3]LIAW C Y,CHOPRA A K.Dynamic of towerssurrounded by water[J].Earthquake Engineering andStructural Dynamics,1974(3):33-49.
[4]赖伟,王君杰,胡世德.地震下桥墩动水压力分析[J].同济大学学报,2004,32(1):1-5.LAI Wei,WANG Junjie,HU Shide.Earthquakeinduced hydrodynamic pressure on bridge pier[J].Journal of Tongji University,2004,32(1):1-5.
[5]刘振宇,李乔,赵灿晖,等.深水矩形空心桥墩在地震作用下附加动水压力分析[J].振动与冲击,2008,27(2):53-56.LIU Zhenyu,LI Qiao,ZHAO Canhui,et al.AdditionalHydrodynamic pressure on rectangular hollow piers indeepwater due to earthquake[J].Journal of Vibrationand Shock,2008,27(2):53-56.
[6]刘振宇,李乔,赵灿晖,等.圆形空心深水桥墩在地震作用下的附加动水压力[J].西南交通大学学报,2008,43(2):201-205.LIU Zhenyu,LI Qiao,ZHAO Chanhui,et al.Earthquake-induced added hydrodynamic pressure oncircular hollow piers in deep water[J].Journal ofSouthwest Jiaotong University,2008,43(2):200-205.
[7]李悦,宋波.动水对斜拉桥结构动力响应影响研究[J].土木工程学报,2010,43(12):94-99.LI Yue,SONG Bo.Study of the effect of hydrodynamicforce on cable-stayed bridges under earthquake[J].China Civil Engineering Journal,2010,43(12):94-99.
[8]黄信,李忠献.动水压力作用对深水桥墩地震响应的影响[J].土木工程学报,2011,44(1):65-73.HUANG Xin,LI Zhongxian.Influence of hydrodynamicpressure on seismic response of bridge piers in deepwater[J].China Civil Engineering Journal,2011,44(1):65-73.
[9]PENZIEN J,KAUL M K.Response of offshore towersto strong motion earthquakes[J].International Journalof Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics,1972,1(1):55-68.
[10]赖伟,王君杰,韦晓,等.桥墩地震动水效应的水下振动台试验研究[J].地震工程与工程振动,2006,26(6):166-167.LAI Wei,WANG Junjie,WEI Xiao,et al.Theshaking table test for submerged bridge pier[J].Journal of Earthquake Engineering and EngineeringVibration,2006,26(6):166-167.
[11]ZHOU Q,JOSEPH P F.A numerical method for thecalculation of dynamic response and acoustic radiationfrom an underwater structure[J].Journal of Sound andVibration,2005,283(4):853-873.
[12]CABOS C,IHLENBURG F.Vibrational analysis ofships with coupled finite and boundary elements[J].Journal of Computational Acoustics,2003,11(1):91-114.
[13]郑史雄.深水桥墩考虑液固相互作用的地震反应分析[J].桥梁建设,1998(1):52-54.ZHENG Shixiong.The effects of the fluid-structureinteraction seismic[J].Bridge Construction,1998(1):52-54.
[14]KINSLER L E.Fundamentals of acoustics[M].NewYork:John Wiley and Sons,1982:98-123.
[15]CRAGGS A.A finite element model for acousticallylined small rooms[J].Journal of Sound and Vibration,1986,108(2):327-337.
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