利用海底地震仪数据分析台风对海底环境噪音的影响
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摘要
在海底布设的海底地震仪(OBS)能比较清晰地记录到海底的环境噪音,而台风可以直接或间接地产生可以在海底传播的弹性波,从而影响海底的环境噪音,并在较大程度上影响OBS的数据记录。通过分析台风对工作区的整个影响过程中OBS记录数据的振幅变化,再选择合适的滤波方式,首次发现台风产生的风浪及涌浪在短周期海底地震仪的记录数据上有良好的表现特征,指出了台风对海底环境噪音的另一种可能的影响方式,并由此得出:1)台风产生的风浪和涌浪对海底环境噪音的影响模式不同;2)风浪和涌浪所加强的海底环境噪音的范围和程度不同;3)短周期OBS可以比较清晰地记录涌浪信息,其周期主要是6—8s,且能量稳定(简称"8秒现象")。这3点结论为后期的海洋地震研究和海洋学其他研究提供经验与借鉴。
Ocean Bottom Seismometer(OBS) deployed in the seafloor can record information of ocean ambient noise,and typhoon can generate elastic waves propagating through the seafloor directly or indirectly.These factors cause great changes on OBS recording data to some extent.The OBS data during the process of typhoon was analyzed,and the methods of optimum filter were used in order to separate signals.After those work,we found that wind wave and ground swell were well recorded by short-period OBSs for the first time,and a new mode which typhoon affected seafloor ambient noise was put forward.We get three preliminary conclusions from above analysis: 1) Wind wave and ground swell caused by typhoon have their own distinctive modes to affect seafloor ambient noise;2) The range and extent of seafloor ambient noise are obviously different which have been strengthened by two above waves;3) Short-period OBSs can clearly record the information of ground swell,whose dominating period is 6—8 seconds and its energy is generally steady(we call it "8-second phenomenon");These results will have great significance for the future research on marine seismology and other aspects of oceanography.
Ocean Bottom Seismometer(OBS) deployed in the seafloor can record information of ocean ambient noise,and typhoon can generate elastic waves propagating through the seafloor directly or indirectly.These factors cause great changes on OBS recording data to some extent.The OBS data during the process of typhoon was analyzed,and the methods of optimum filter were used in order to separate signals.After those work,we found that wind wave and ground swell were well recorded by short-period OBSs for the first time,and a new mode which typhoon affected seafloor ambient noise was put forward.We get three preliminary conclusions from above analysis: 1) Wind wave and ground swell caused by typhoon have their own distinctive modes to affect seafloor ambient noise;2) The range and extent of seafloor ambient noise are obviously different which have been strengthened by two above waves;3) Short-period OBSs can clearly record the information of ground swell,whose dominating period is 6—8 seconds and its energy is generally steady(we call it "8-second phenomenon");These results will have great significance for the future research on marine seismology and other aspects of oceanography.
引文
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[19]林均珊,许林之,许富祥.台风波浪场的分析[J].海洋科学,1988,(4):17—21.
[2]金星,康兰池.利用宽频带速度记录的频域特征研究台风[J].自然灾害学报,2007,16(4):27—35.
[3]WEBB S C.Seismic noise on land and on the sea floor[J].International Geophysics,2002,81(1):305—318.
[4]香港天文台.二零零六热带气旋2007[EB/OL].[2008-5-29].http://gb.weather.gov.hk/publica/pubtcc.htm.
[5]阮爱国,李家彪,冯占英,等.海底地震仪及其国内外发展现状[J].东海海洋,2004,22(2):19—27.
[6]李湘云,吴振利,薛彬,等.SEDIS IV型短周期自浮式海底地震仪及应用体会[J].热带海洋学报,2007,26(5):35—39.
[7]MARRET R,CHAPMAN N R.Low-frequency ambient-noise measurements in the South Fiji basin[J].IEEE Journalof Oceanic Engineering,1990,15(4):311—315.
[8]LONGUET-HIGGINS M S.A theory of the origin of micro-seisms[J].Series A,Mathematical and physical sciences,1950,243(857):1—35.
[9]KEDAR S,LONGUET-HIGGINS M S,WEBB F,et al.Theorigin of deepocean microseisms in the North Atlantic Ocean[J].Proceedings of the Royal Society A,2008,464:777—793.
[10]GERSOFT P,FEHLER M C,SABRA K G.When Katrinahit California[J].Geophysical Research Letters,2006,33,L17308,doi:10.1029/2006GL027270.
[11]EBEL J E.Watching the weather using a seismograph[J].Seismological Research Letters,2002,73(6):930—932.
[12]丘学林,曾钢平,胥颐,等.南海西沙石岛地震台下的地壳结构研究[J].地球物理学报,2006,49(6):1 720—1 729.
[13]陈奇礼.南海台风影响下的海浪特征及其预报方法的探讨[J].热带海洋学报,1989,8(4):7—15.
[14]金传达.台风[M].北京:商务印书馆,1979.
[15]丘学林,陈颙,朱日祥,等.大容量气枪震源在海陆联测中的应用:南海北部试验结果分析[J].科学通报,2007,52(4):463—469.
[16]赵明辉,丘学林,夏戡原,等.南海东北部海陆联测地震数据处理及初步结果[J].热带海洋学报,2004,23(1):58—63.
[17]夏少红,丘学林,赵明辉,等.香港与珠三角地区海陆联合地震探测的数据处理[J].热带海洋学报,2007,26(1):35—38.
[18]张宪国,钱维安,何良胜.应用类神经网络在台湾东岸海域台风波浪推算之研究[J].海洋工程学刊,2003,3(1):73—95.
[19]林均珊,许林之,许富祥.台风波浪场的分析[J].海洋科学,1988,(4):17—21.
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