福建省滨海火电厂地质灾害问题及风险控制探讨
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摘要
滨海火力发电厂工程主要包括厂区建筑、码头、管道、取排水、填海和贮灰场等工程。其主要面临着福建省海岸带构造运动、断裂及地震活动、港湾淤积、海底滑坡、软土地基、海底活动地貌、基岩不均匀风化以及人类工程活动等主要的灾害性地质因素。通过对这些因素潜在的致灾特点分析,提出了滨海火电厂地质灾害风险控制应包括选址阶段地质灾害风险回避、设计施工阶段地质灾害风险处理及运行阶段地质灾害风险监控等3方面。地质灾害风险评估是滨海火电厂地质灾害风险控制的首要任务。针对滨海电厂工程的特点,评估内容应着重于地质灾害危险性评估及易损性评估。选址阶段地质灾害风险回避主要是对构造不稳定的回避。地质灾害风险处理主要是电厂工程的基础处理及管道抗冲刷处理。电厂运行阶段地质灾害风险监控主要是对建筑物基础稳定性及海域冲淤变化的监控。
The main engineering projects of the thermal power plants comprise of plant buildings, wharf, sea floor conduit, water taking and ejecting, retaining wall, and store of dregs, and they are up against the main geological hazard factors such as tectonics movement, fault and earthquake, estuarine deposit, soft groundsill, moving physiognomy of sea floor, ununiformity weathering of rock, and artificial engineering action, etc. By analyzing their potential hazard characters, the author proposes that the main risk controlling of geological hazards of thermal power plants must include the risk obviation at the stage of the site choosing, the risk treatment at the stage of designing and constructing, and the risk monitoring at the stage of running. The risk assessment of geological hazards is the principal task of the risk controlling of geological hazard. Aiming at the characteristics of the engineering projects of thermal power plants, the assessment must be emphasized on the fatalness and vulnerability to damage of geological hazards. The geological hazard risk obviation in stage of the site choosing is mainly to avoid the labilization of tectonics. The geological hazard risk controlling is mainly the foundation disposal of power plants projects and the resisting eroding of sea floor conduit. The geological hazard risk monitoring in stage of operation is chiefly to monitor the foundation stability of buildings and the changing of sea floor deposition.
The main engineering projects of the thermal power plants comprise of plant buildings, wharf, sea floor conduit, water taking and ejecting, retaining wall, and store of dregs, and they are up against the main geological hazard factors such as tectonics movement, fault and earthquake, estuarine deposit, soft groundsill, moving physiognomy of sea floor, ununiformity weathering of rock, and artificial engineering action, etc. By analyzing their potential hazard characters, the author proposes that the main risk controlling of geological hazards of thermal power plants must include the risk obviation at the stage of the site choosing, the risk treatment at the stage of designing and constructing, and the risk monitoring at the stage of running. The risk assessment of geological hazards is the principal task of the risk controlling of geological hazard. Aiming at the characteristics of the engineering projects of thermal power plants, the assessment must be emphasized on the fatalness and vulnerability to damage of geological hazards. The geological hazard risk obviation in stage of the site choosing is mainly to avoid the labilization of tectonics. The geological hazard risk controlling is mainly the foundation disposal of power plants projects and the resisting eroding of sea floor conduit. The geological hazard risk monitoring in stage of operation is chiefly to monitor the foundation stability of buildings and the changing of sea floor deposition.
引文
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[11] 柳源.论地质灾害的基本属性[J].中国地质灾害与防治学报,1999,10(3):15-18
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[13] 潘懋,李铁锋.灾害地质学[M].北京:北京大学出版社,2002.
[14] 卢全中,彭建兵,赵法锁.地质灾害风险评估(价)研究综述[J].灾害学,2003,18(4):59-63.
[2] 中国科学院南海海洋研究所,福建海洋研究所.台湾海峡西部石油地质地球物理调查研究[M].北京:海洋出版社,1989,103-116.
[3] 苏贤泽,黄财滨,李平雨,等.台湾海峡西部海域现代沉积速率与沉积作用[A].台湾海峡及其两岸地质地震研讨会论文集[C].北京:海洋出版社,1991,56-62.
[4] 郑承忠.福建沿海暨台湾海峡地质灾害初探[J].台湾海峡,1994,13(4):404-411.
[5] 郑承忠,杨顺良.海岸构筑物对湄洲湾南岸局部海域淤积的影响[A].2004年华东六省一市地学科技论坛文集,地质资源环境与可持续发展[C].福州:福建省地图出版社,2004,199-204.
[6] 杨顺良,郑承忠,翁宇斌.厦门嵩屿电厂取水口附近海域冲淤变化分析[J].海洋工程,2001,19(2)39-44.
[7] LewisKS.Slumpinginacontinentalslopeinclined1～4[J].Sedimenlology.1971,6:97-110.
[8] PriorDB.andCloemanJM.Disintegrationretrogressive[J].DetaMarineGeotechnology,1977,29:45-77.
[9] 郑承忠.厦门及临近地区桩式码头工程的若干地质问题[J].台湾海峡,1998,17(3):244-248.
[10] 郭富,宣世进,张永军.地质灾害评估技术研究[J].甘肃科学学报,2003,15:55-58.
[11] 柳源.论地质灾害的基本属性[J].中国地质灾害与防治学报,1999,10(3):15-18
[12] 罗元华,张梁,张业成.地质灾害风险评估方法[M].北京:地质出版社,1998.
[13] 潘懋,李铁锋.灾害地质学[M].北京:北京大学出版社,2002.
[14] 卢全中,彭建兵,赵法锁.地质灾害风险评估(价)研究综述[J].灾害学,2003,18(4):59-63.
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