在役导管架平台的评估策略研究现状
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摘要
海洋平台造价昂贵,所处的海洋环境复杂且恶劣,受到波浪、流、风、冰、地震以及疲劳、腐蚀、冲刷等时变因素的联合作用,检测和维修困难,事故后果严重,所以,为延长在役导管架平台的寿命而进行的评估研究存在许多难题需要解决。针对近海导管架平台评估标准、检测策略、构件校核、系统分析、维修加固决策和方法等,介绍了国内外的研究现状,并展望了将来需要进一步开展的工作。
The costly offshore platforms located in complex and severe ocean conditions might be under the combination effects of extreme loads such as wave,current,wind,ice,earthquake,and time-variant factors such as fatigue,corrosion and scouring.The difficulties of inspection and maintenance result in lots of problems,which should be researched in the field of reassessment and life extension on offshore jacket platforms.The review of assessment criteria,inspection strategy,component check,system evaluation,maintenance making-decision and strengthening methods is introduced in the paper.Meanwhile,the further works are proposed.
The costly offshore platforms located in complex and severe ocean conditions might be under the combination effects of extreme loads such as wave,current,wind,ice,earthquake,and time-variant factors such as fatigue,corrosion and scouring.The difficulties of inspection and maintenance result in lots of problems,which should be researched in the field of reassessment and life extension on offshore jacket platforms.The review of assessment criteria,inspection strategy,component check,system evaluation,maintenance making-decision and strengthening methods is introduced in the paper.Meanwhile,the further works are proposed.
引文
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[14]DeFranco S,O'Connor P,Tallin A.Development of arisk based underwater inspection(RBUI)process forprioritizing inspections of large numbers of platforms[A].Proceedings of Offshore Technology Conference[C].Houston:Offshore Technology Conference,1999.10846
[15]Boom H V,Koning J,Aalberts P.Offshore monitor-ing;real world data for design,engineering and oper-ation[A].Proceedings of Offshore Technology Con-ference[C].Houston:Offshore Technology Confer-ence,2005.17172
[16]Brown A,Nicholas C,Driver D.Real-time full-pro-file current measurements for exploration and produc-tion structures in ultra deepwater[A].Proceedings ofOffshore Technology Conference[C].Houston:Off-shore Technology Conference,2005.17439
[17]Finnigan T D,Petrauskas C.Wave-in deck forces[A].Proceedings of 6thInt.Offshore and Polar En-grg.Conf.[C].Honolulu:International Society ofOffshore and Polar Engineers,1997.3:19-24
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[19]Bea R G.Nonlinear performance of offshore platformsin extreme storm waves[J].J.of Waterway,Port,Coastal and Ocean Engineering,1996,122(2):68-74
[20]Stansberg C T,Baarholm R,Kristiansen T,et al.Extreme wave amplification and impact loads on off-shore structures[A].Proceedings of Offshore Tech-nology Conference[C].Houston:Offshore Technolo-gy Conference,2005.17487
[21]Boote D,Mascia D,Cafferena R.Seismic behaviourof fixed offshore platforms[A].Proceedings of 17thInternational Conference on Offshore Mechanics andArctic Engineering[C].Lisbon(Portugal):ASME,1998.0332
[22]Naggar M H,Shayanfar M A,Kimiaei M,et al.Sim-plified BNWF model for nonlinear seismic responseanalysis of offshore piles with nonlinear input groundmotion analysis[J].Canadian Geotechnical Journal,2005,(42):365-380
[23]Peng B F,Chang B,Llorente C.Nonlinear dynamicsoil-pile-structure interaction analysis of a deepwaterplatform for ductility level earthquakes[A].Proceed-ings of Offshore Technology Conference[C].Hous-ton:Offshore Technology Conference,2005.17274
[24]Johnson G S,Smith C E.Seismic evaluation of top-sides systems on existing platforms[A].Proceedingsof Offshore Technology Conference[C].Houston:Offshore Technology Conference,1997.8424
[25]欧进萍,段忠东,肖仪清.海洋平台结构安全评价:理论、方法和应用[M].北京:科学出版社,2003Ou J P,Duan Z D,Xiao Y Q.Safety Evaluation forOffshore Platform Structures:Thoery,Method andApplication[M].Beijing:Science Press,2003
[26]Chew S P,Soh C K.SCF design equations for steelmultiplanar tubular XT-joints[J].The StructuralEngineer,1996,74(13):215-221
[27]Ha C C,Pecknold D A.FE modeling of DT tubularjoints with chord stress[A].Proceedings of 17thInter-national Conference on Offshore Mechanics and ArcticEngineering[C].Lisbon(Portugal):ASME,1998.0560
[28]Morin G,Bureau J M,Contat N,et al.Influence oftubular joints failure modes on jacket structures globalfailure modes[A].Proceedings of 17thInternationalConference on Offshore Mechanics and Arctic Engi-neering[C].Lisbon(Portugal):ASME,1998.1482
[29]Karamanos S A,Romeijin,Wadenier J.Stress con-centration factors for the fatigue design of multi-pla-nar welded tubular connections[A].Proceedings ofEighth International Conference on the Behaviour ofOffshore Structures[C].Delft(Netherlands):Elsevi-er,1997.3:63-76
[30]陈传尧.疲劳与断裂[M].武汉:华中科技大学出版社,2002Chen C Y.Fatigue and Fracture[M].Wuhan:Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyPress,2002
[31]蒋习民,崔健,张衍涛.埕北25A平台结构疲劳寿命评估[J].中国海洋平台,2001,16(5):38-41Jiang X M,Cui J,Zhang Y T.Evaluation on fatiguelife for Chengbei 25A platform[J].China OffshorePlatform,2001,16(5):38-41
[32]Melchers R E.Modeling of marine corrosion of steelspecimens.Corrosion Testing in Natural Waters[M].Philadelphia:ASTM STP 1300,1997.2:20-33
[33]Ahammed M,Melchers R E.Reliability estimation ofpressurized pipelines subject to localized corrosion de-fects[J].International Journal Pressure Vessels andPiping,1996,69(3):267-272
[34]徐纪林,薛以年,李禾.随机变幅荷载下焊接接头的海水腐蚀疲劳裂纹扩展试验[J].中国海洋平台,1994,(1):143-147Xu J L,Xue Y N,Li H.Experiments on fatiguecrack extending for welding joints due to sea watercorrosion under random loading[J].China OffshorePlatform,1994,(1):143-147
[35]Soreide T H,Amdahl J.UFSOS-a program for ulti-mate strength analysis of framed offshore structures[R].Stavanger(Norway):SINTEF Structural Engi-neering,1986,Report STF71 A86049
[36]Skallerud B,Amdahl J.Nonlinear Analysis of Off-shore Structures[M].England:Research StudiesPress Ltd.,2002
[37]Ang A H S,Tang W H.Probability Concepts in En-gineering Planning and Design,Volume I-Basic Prin-ciples[M].New York:John Wiley and Sons,1975
[38]Ang A H S,Tang W H.Probability Concepts in En-gineering Planning and Design,volume II-Decision,Risk,and Reliability[M].New York:John Wiley andSons,1984
[39]董聪.结构系统可靠性理论:进展与回顾[J].工程力学,2001,18(4):79-88Dong C.Reliability theory of structural system:ad-vance and review[J].Engineering Mechanics,2001,18(4):79-88
[40]Onoufriou T,Smith D,Birkinshaw M,et al.Struc-tural system reliability framework for fixed offshoreplatforms[A].Proceedings of Eighth InternationalConference on the Behaviour of Offshore Structures[C].Delft(Netherlands):Elsevier,1997.3:145-159
[41]Bea R G.Reliability characteristics of a platform inthe Mississippi river delta[J].Journal of Geotechnicaland Geoenvironmental Engineering,1998,124(8):729-738
[42]Bea R G.Criteria for design and requalification ofplatforms in the bay of Campeche,Mexico[J].J.ofWaterway,Port,Coastal and Ocean Engineering,2000,126(5):254-262
[43]Bea R G.Life cycle reliability&risk characteristics ofminimum structures[A].Proceedings of OffshoreTechnology Conference[C].Houston:Offshore Tech-nology Conference,1997.8361
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