非生物(无机)成因油气基础科学问题
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摘要
为了更好地了解原油、沥青的成因,对克拉玛依油田沥青、塔里木盆地干酪根和沥青、辽河油田下第三系干酪根和沥青A以及原油进行了Pb、Sr、N d同位素研究,结果表明:准噶尔、塔里木和辽河3个盆地的沥青及原油的Pb同位素均显示出了壳-幔相互作用的特征,也均表现出不同于干酪根Pb同位素组成的特征(干酪根的Pb同位素组成明显表现出壳源的特征);克拉玛依沥青的Rb-Sr等时线年龄及初始Sr比值(87Sr/86Sr)I(即IO)与达尔布特断裂带附近金矿的成矿年龄和IO相一致,表明沥青与金矿的金均来自相同的深部源区。指出在准噶尔盆地通过深部地震测深所获得的中地壳低速层存在的信息支持了这样一个假说,油气可能为非生物(无机)成因。
To better understand genesis of crude oil and bitumen,a comprehensive study of Pb,Sr,and Nd isotopic systematics was undertaken for kerogen,crude oil and bitumen from Karamay Oilfield,Tarim Basin and Liaohe Oilfield.Pb isotopic compositions of bitumen and crude oil from Karamay,Liaohe and Tarim all show features of crust-mantle interaction.They are evidently different from Pb isotopic composition of kerogen,which mostly show crustal signatures.Radiometric isotopic systems can be preserved in the bitumen and therefore allow us to date petroleum generation.Rb-Sr isochron age and initial(()~(87)Sr/()~(86)Sr) I ratio(I_O) of Karamay's bitumen are correlated with the mineralization age and I0 of Au deposits near by Talabude Fault,which indicates that they were derived from the same deeper source.This hypothesis is supported by the low velocity existence(V_p=6.1 km/s) of mid-crust from the seismic profiling proglam of Junggur Basin.
To better understand genesis of crude oil and bitumen,a comprehensive study of Pb,Sr,and Nd isotopic systematics was undertaken for kerogen,crude oil and bitumen from Karamay Oilfield,Tarim Basin and Liaohe Oilfield.Pb isotopic compositions of bitumen and crude oil from Karamay,Liaohe and Tarim all show features of crust-mantle interaction.They are evidently different from Pb isotopic composition of kerogen,which mostly show crustal signatures.Radiometric isotopic systems can be preserved in the bitumen and therefore allow us to date petroleum generation.Rb-Sr isochron age and initial(()~(87)Sr/()~(86)Sr) I ratio(I_O) of Karamay's bitumen are correlated with the mineralization age and I0 of Au deposits near by Talabude Fault,which indicates that they were derived from the same deeper source.This hypothesis is supported by the low velocity existence(V_p=6.1 km/s) of mid-crust from the seismic profiling proglam of Junggur Basin.
引文
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[3]PARNELL J,SW A INBANK I.Pb-Pb dating of hydrocarbonm igration in to a b itum en-bearing ore deposit,N orth W a les[J].G eo logy,1990,18:1028-1030.
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[5]M O SSM ON D J,NAGY B,DAV IS D W.C om parative m o l-ecu lar elem en t and U-Pb isotop ic com position of stratiformand d ispersed g lo lar organ in m atter in the low er P roterozo icuran iferous m atased im en t,E lliot L ake,C anada[J].EnergySource,1993,15:375-386.
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[11]ZHU B INQUANG,ZHANG JINL IAN,TU X IANGL IN,eta l.Pb,S r and N d isotop ic features in organ ic m atter fromCh ina and the ir im p lication for petro leum generation andm igration[J].G eoch im ica et C osm och im ica A cta,2001,65(15):2555-2570.
[12]陶士振,刘德良,杨晓勇,等.无机成因天然气形成条件分析[J].天然气地球科学,2001,11(1):10-18.
[13]张景廉,朱炳泉,张平中,等.克拉玛依乌尔禾沥青脉Pb-S r-N d同位素地球化学[J].中国科学(D辑),1997,27(4):325-330.
[14]ZARTM AN R E,DOE M G.P lum botecton ics-The m odel[J].T ectonophysics,1981,75:135-162.
[15]张景廉,朱炳泉,张平中,等.塔里木盆地干酪根、沥青的Pb-S r-N d同位素体系及其成因演化[J].地质科学,1998,33(3):310-317.
[16]张景廉,朱炳泉,陈义贤,等.辽河断陷下第三系烃源岩有机质Pb、S r同位素研究[J].科学通报,1999,44(11):1222-1225.
[17]朱炳泉,陈义贤,张景廉,等.辽河断陷石油生成环境与演化[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1999:100.
[18]金成伟,沈远超,张秀棋,等.西准噶尔岩浆活动及其构造环境和金矿化关系[M]//涂光炽.新疆北部固体地球科学新进展.北京:科学出版社,1993:137-150.
[19]张景廉,于均民.论中地壳的地质意义[J].新疆石油地质,2004,25(1):90-94.
[20]沃里沃夫斯基B C,萨尔基索夫IO M.世界最大含油气盆地[M].任俞译.北京:石油工业出版社,1991.
[21]张景廉.中国一些含油气盆地深部地壳结构与油气田关系的探讨[J].天然气地球科学,1998,9(5):28-36.
[22]张景廉.克拉2大气田成因讨论[J].新疆石油地质,2001,23(1):71-73.
[23]张景廉,李相博.“西气东输”与中国石油安全[J].天然气地球科学,2003,14(1):74-78.
1马宗晋,陈新发.准噶尔盆地构造格架人工地震宽角反射/折射工程探测研究.中国石油新疆油田公司,2001.
1马宗晋,陈新发.准噶尔盆地构造格架人工地震宽角反射/折射工程探测研究.中国石油新疆油田公司,2001.
[2]张景廉.论石油的无机成因[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2001.
[3]PARNELL J,SW A INBANK I.Pb-Pb dating of hydrocarbonm igration in to a b itum en-bearing ore deposit,N orth W a les[J].G eo logy,1990,18:1028-1030.
[4]M ANN ING L K,FRO ST C D,BRANTHARER J F.Aneodym ium isotop ic study of the crude o ils and source rocks:poten tia l app lications for petro leum exp loration[J].ChemG eo l,1991,91:125-138.
[5]M O SSM ON D J,NAGY B,DAV IS D W.C om parative m o l-ecu lar elem en t and U-Pb isotop ic com position of stratiformand d ispersed g lo lar organ in m atter in the low er P roterozo icuran iferous m atased im en t,E lliot L ake,C anada[J].EnergySource,1993,15:375-386.
[6]ST ILLE P,GAUTH IER-LAFAGE F,BRO SE R.The neo-dym ium isotop ic system as a too l for petro leum exp loration[J].G eoch im C osm och im A cta,1993,57:4521-4525.
[7]ROBERTS H H,CARNEY R S.Ev idence of ep isod ic flu ids,gas and sed im en t ven ting on the northern G u lf of M ex icocon tinen ta l slope[J].E con G eo l,1997,92:863-879.
[8]ROW E P J,R ICHARDS D A,ATK IN SON T C.G eoche-m istry and rad iom etric dating of a m idd le P le istone peat[J].G eoch im C osm och im A cta,1997,61:4201-4212.
[9]PU SHKAREV Y D,GOTT IKH R P,P ISOTSKY B I,et a l.Super large o il deposits as a resu lts the crust-m an tlein teraction?[J].Ch in Sci Bu ll,1998,43((Supp l):105.
[10]ZHANG J L,ZHU B Q,CHEN Y X,et a l.Pb,S r isotopesin organ ic m atter of low er T eriary hydrocarbon source rocksin L iaohe Fau lt D epression[J].Ch in Sci Bu ll,1999,44:2192-2195.
[11]ZHU B INQUANG,ZHANG JINL IAN,TU X IANGL IN,eta l.Pb,S r and N d isotop ic features in organ ic m atter fromCh ina and the ir im p lication for petro leum generation andm igration[J].G eoch im ica et C osm och im ica A cta,2001,65(15):2555-2570.
[12]陶士振,刘德良,杨晓勇,等.无机成因天然气形成条件分析[J].天然气地球科学,2001,11(1):10-18.
[13]张景廉,朱炳泉,张平中,等.克拉玛依乌尔禾沥青脉Pb-S r-N d同位素地球化学[J].中国科学(D辑),1997,27(4):325-330.
[14]ZARTM AN R E,DOE M G.P lum botecton ics-The m odel[J].T ectonophysics,1981,75:135-162.
[15]张景廉,朱炳泉,张平中,等.塔里木盆地干酪根、沥青的Pb-S r-N d同位素体系及其成因演化[J].地质科学,1998,33(3):310-317.
[16]张景廉,朱炳泉,陈义贤,等.辽河断陷下第三系烃源岩有机质Pb、S r同位素研究[J].科学通报,1999,44(11):1222-1225.
[17]朱炳泉,陈义贤,张景廉,等.辽河断陷石油生成环境与演化[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1999:100.
[18]金成伟,沈远超,张秀棋,等.西准噶尔岩浆活动及其构造环境和金矿化关系[M]//涂光炽.新疆北部固体地球科学新进展.北京:科学出版社,1993:137-150.
[19]张景廉,于均民.论中地壳的地质意义[J].新疆石油地质,2004,25(1):90-94.
[20]沃里沃夫斯基B C,萨尔基索夫IO M.世界最大含油气盆地[M].任俞译.北京:石油工业出版社,1991.
[21]张景廉.中国一些含油气盆地深部地壳结构与油气田关系的探讨[J].天然气地球科学,1998,9(5):28-36.
[22]张景廉.克拉2大气田成因讨论[J].新疆石油地质,2001,23(1):71-73.
[23]张景廉,李相博.“西气东输”与中国石油安全[J].天然气地球科学,2003,14(1):74-78.
1马宗晋,陈新发.准噶尔盆地构造格架人工地震宽角反射/折射工程探测研究.中国石油新疆油田公司,2001.
1马宗晋,陈新发.准噶尔盆地构造格架人工地震宽角反射/折射工程探测研究.中国石油新疆油田公司,2001.
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