基于范例推理的城市建筑物震害预测方法研究
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摘要
以往的震害预测方法往往需要调查建筑物的详细力学特性参数,这对个别社区的范围是可行的,但对整个城市的震害预测,则需要耗费巨大的财力、物力,因此需要研究适用于城市群体建筑物的快速震害预测方法.提出基于范例推理的建筑物震害预测方法,该方法通过建筑物震害范例的表示、索引、检索和调整模型,并运用Access建立了建筑物震害范例库,实现了基于灰色关联分析确定属性权重和欧式距离、曼哈顿距离、模糊相似优先及神经网络等的4种检索方法来预测城市未知建筑物的震害结果.该方法能够在较少的投资和时间下,迅速给出城市的震害预测结果.最后将该方法应用于厦门市的建筑物震害预测,结果表明该系统具有良好的可操作性和结果可靠性.
Existing earthquake damage prediction methods need detailed mechanical character data of structures.These data may be possible for in a block, but for a large city, they are not available because of enormous financial and material consumption. So, it is necessary to research rapid methods for predicting earthquake damage of group of buildings in a city. In this paper a new rapid earthquake damage prediction method was established which was based on the case reasoning. It put forward the representation, adjustment and retrieval model, in which Access data-base was used to represent and storage the cases of earthquake damage of buildings. Meanwhile, grey-relational theory was used to confirm earthquake damage factors weight of buildings,and the four theories (Euclidean distance, Manhattan distance, fuzzy preferred ratio and neural network) were used to find out the best similar case in the storage. The application of the method to the earthquake damage prediction of the buildings in Xiamen City shows that this method is easy for operation and reliable.
Existing earthquake damage prediction methods need detailed mechanical character data of structures.These data may be possible for in a block, but for a large city, they are not available because of enormous financial and material consumption. So, it is necessary to research rapid methods for predicting earthquake damage of group of buildings in a city. In this paper a new rapid earthquake damage prediction method was established which was based on the case reasoning. It put forward the representation, adjustment and retrieval model, in which Access data-base was used to represent and storage the cases of earthquake damage of buildings. Meanwhile, grey-relational theory was used to confirm earthquake damage factors weight of buildings,and the four theories (Euclidean distance, Manhattan distance, fuzzy preferred ratio and neural network) were used to find out the best similar case in the storage. The application of the method to the earthquake damage prediction of the buildings in Xiamen City shows that this method is easy for operation and reliable.
引文
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[11]汤皓,陈国兴.基于灰关联与人工神经网络综合评价模型的多层砖房震害预测[J].世界地震工程,2006,22(4):133-139.TANG Hao,CHEN Guo-xing.Forecasting Seismic Damage of Multistory Masonry Building Based on Grey Rela-tion and Artificial Neural Network Model[J].World Earthquake Engineering,2006,22(4):133-139.
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[2]林均歧,赵振东.建筑结构震害预测程序[J].地震工程与工程振动,2001,21(2):126-129.LINJun-qi,ZHAO Zhen-dong.A Computer Programfor Esti mating Earthquake Damage to Structures[J].Earth-quake Engineering and Engineering Vibration,2001,21(2):126-129.
[3]孙柏涛,胡少卿.基于已有震害矩阵模拟的群体震害预测方法研究[J].地震工程与工程振动,2005,25(6):102-108.SUN Bai-tao,HU Shao-qing.A Method for Earthquake Damage Prediction of Building Group Based on Existing Earthquake Damage Matrix[J].Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration,2005,25(6):102-108.
[4]陈新孝,牛荻涛.在役钢筋混凝土结构的地震破坏评估[J].西安建筑科技大学学报:自然科学版,2002,34(4):305-308.CHEN Xin-xiao;NI U Di-tao.Seismic Damage Assessment of Existing RC Structures[J].J.Xi'an Univ.of Arch.&Tech.(Natural Science Edition),2002,34(4):305-308.
[5]郭小东,苏经宇,马东辉,等.城市建筑物快速震害预测系统[J].自然灾害学报,2006,15(3):128-134.GUO Xiao-dong,SUJing-yu,MA Dong-hui,et al.Rapid Earthquake Damage Prediction System of Urban Build-ings[J].Journal of Natural Disaster,2006,15(3):128-134.
[6]汤皓,陈国兴.基于GIS和BP神经网络耦合模型的建筑物震害预测[J].西安建筑科技大学学报:自然科学版,2006,38(4):523-527.TANG Hao,CHEN Guo-xing.Building Seismic Damage Prediction Based on Coupling Model of GIS and BP ANN[J].J.Xi'an Univ.of Arch.&Tech.(Natural Science Edition),2006,38(4):523-527.
[7]LI U Mu-yu,ZHU Rui-geng.Case-Based Reasoning for Slope Stability Evaluation and Its Application[J].Journal of Wuhan University of Technology-Materials Science,2001,16(4):62-65.
[8]石浩.基于案例推理的城市应急决策支持系统的研究[D].杭州:浙江工业大学,2004.SHI Hao.Research on DSS of City Emergency System Based on CRB[D].Hangzhou:Zhejiang University of Tech-nology,2004.
[9]李梅.边坡案例推理稳定性评价系统及治理措施优化设计研究[D].武汉:武汉理工大学,2006.LI Mei.Study on Slope Stability Evaluation System Using Case-based Reasoning and Opti mization Design of Anti-slide Structures[D].Wuhan:Wuhan University of Technology,2006.
[10]高杰,冯启民,张海东.城市群体建筑物震害模拟方法研究[J].震灾防御技术,2007,2(2):193-200.GAOJie,FENG Qi-min,ZHANG Hai-dong.Si mulation Method for Earthquake Damage of Urban Group Struc-tures[J].Technology for Earthquake Disaster Prevention,2007,2(2):193-200.
[11]汤皓,陈国兴.基于灰关联与人工神经网络综合评价模型的多层砖房震害预测[J].世界地震工程,2006,22(4):133-139.TANG Hao,CHEN Guo-xing.Forecasting Seismic Damage of Multistory Masonry Building Based on Grey Rela-tion and Artificial Neural Network Model[J].World Earthquake Engineering,2006,22(4):133-139.
[12]马东辉,郭小东,苏经宇,等.厦门市城区建筑抗震易损性评价研究[R].北京:北京工业大学抗震减灾研究所,2005.MA Dong-hui,GUO Xiao-dong,SUJing-yu,et al.Research on Building Seismic Vulnerability Assessment of Xiamen[R].Beijing:Institute of Earthquake Resistance and Disaster Reduction of Beijing University of Technology,2005.
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