四川汶川8级地震地应力异常——来自压磁频率应力测量系统的记录
|
摘要
2008年5月12日四川汶川发生8级特大地震,我们利用压磁频率测量系统在1000多公里以外记录了这一震惊世界的自然灾害。汶川地震发震前94天,地应力出现大幅度快速变化的短期地震前兆,三个受力元件分别受压633.5Pa、1512Pa、4561.4Pa。临震前几小时指向震中方向的元件出现4次脉冲式突跳的临震异常,然后大地震发生了。距离震中1000多公里的中国辐射防护研究院台站(简称:中辐院台)完整地记录了大地震前表层剧烈形变的力量加强过程,这验证了李四光先生1973年提出的"在较大范围内、不同的活动断裂上,不同的地点可以获得相同的应力状态"的论点。本测量系统具有灵敏度高、动态性能好的优点,它抗干扰能力强,克服了采用电压、阻抗、电感信号传输的测量系统长期测值不稳定的干扰因素。该压磁频率应力测量系统不仅可安装在山地岩石中,也可应用于广大平原地区。可测量到快速变化的地震面波,能获取短临地震前兆信息,传感器安装在土层或岩层中,都能起到预报地震的效果,因而具有非常广阔的应用前景。
When the MS 8 earthquake occurred in Wenchuan County of Sichuan on 12 May 2008, our piezomagnetic frequency measurement system about 1000 km away from the focus recorded the world-shaking natural disaster. Ninety days before the earthquake, the earth stress changed in a great magnitude, being indicative of the earthquake. Three mechanical components received 633.5 Pa, 1512 Pa and 4561.4 Pa, respectively. A few hours before the earthquake, the component directing the focus presented four pulsive anomalies immediately following the great earthquake. The platform can at the China Academy of Radiation and Protection Research, which is more than 1000 km far away from the focus, recorded the process of energy accumulation and surface deformation before the earthquake. This verifies the idea that the same stress state can be collected to a large extent at different sites of different faulting zones. This system is of high sensitivity, good performances and anti-interference ability, all these overcome disturb factors of this system employing pressure, resistance and inductance. The piezomagnetic frequency stress measurement system, which is not only installed on rocks of mountains but also in plain, is used to monitor rapidly-changing S wave and acquire boding information of earthquake so as to achieve the goal of forecasting earthquake. Therefore, the system of this kind will be of promising application.
When the MS 8 earthquake occurred in Wenchuan County of Sichuan on 12 May 2008, our piezomagnetic frequency measurement system about 1000 km away from the focus recorded the world-shaking natural disaster. Ninety days before the earthquake, the earth stress changed in a great magnitude, being indicative of the earthquake. Three mechanical components received 633.5 Pa, 1512 Pa and 4561.4 Pa, respectively. A few hours before the earthquake, the component directing the focus presented four pulsive anomalies immediately following the great earthquake. The platform can at the China Academy of Radiation and Protection Research, which is more than 1000 km far away from the focus, recorded the process of energy accumulation and surface deformation before the earthquake. This verifies the idea that the same stress state can be collected to a large extent at different sites of different faulting zones. This system is of high sensitivity, good performances and anti-interference ability, all these overcome disturb factors of this system employing pressure, resistance and inductance. The piezomagnetic frequency stress measurement system, which is not only installed on rocks of mountains but also in plain, is used to monitor rapidly-changing S wave and acquire boding information of earthquake so as to achieve the goal of forecasting earthquake. Therefore, the system of this kind will be of promising application.
引文
李四光.1973.地震地质.科学出版社.
李勇,周荣军,董顺利,张毅,何玉林,陈浩,闫亮,乔宝成,马博琳.2008.汶川地震的地表破裂与逆冲-走滑作用.成都理工大学学报(自然科学版),35(4):404~413.
李忠权,应丹琳,郭晓玉,李洪奎,王麒翔,尤东华,王雪峰,陈骁,陈敏.2008.龙门山汶川地震特征及构造运动学初析.成都理工大学学报(自然科学版),35(4):429~430.
刘树根,田小彬,李智武,孙玮,郭兵,刘顺.2008.龙门山中段构造特征与汶川地震.成都理工大学学报(自然科学版),35(4):388~397.
杨主恩,邓志辉,马文涛,孙谦,陈桂华.2008.汶川8级强震极震区破坏情况与烈度.地震地质,30(2):349~354.
张道仪,延军,张培耀,孙国学,徐玉荣.1990.地震前地应力短临异常初探.地震,(1):43~49.
张道仪,延军,胡遵素,朱万宁,孙国学.1994.高精度岩层应力仪探头安装在土层中的实验观测.地震,(2):81~84.
张培耀,张翠菊.1991.II型压磁应力仪介绍.地震,(4):73~75.
张培耀,张翠菊.1992.压磁应力测量中悬空元件变化的原因.地震,(3):62~65,78.
张岳桥,董树文.2008.四川汶川MS8.0地震报道.地质学报,82(7):1013~1016.
朱介寿.2008.汶川地震的岩石圈深部结构与动力学背景.成都理工大学学报(自然科学版),35(4):348~356.
Doong Shuwen,Zhang Yueqiao,Wu Zhenhan,Yang Yong,MaYinsheng,Shi Wei,Chen Zhengle,Long Changxing,AnMeijuan.2008.Sufface rupture and co-seismic displacementproduced by theMS8.0Wenchuan earthquake of May12th,2008,Sichuan,China:Eastwards growth of the Qinghai-Tibet plateau.Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition),82(5):938~948.
李勇,周荣军,董顺利,张毅,何玉林,陈浩,闫亮,乔宝成,马博琳.2008.汶川地震的地表破裂与逆冲-走滑作用.成都理工大学学报(自然科学版),35(4):404~413.
李忠权,应丹琳,郭晓玉,李洪奎,王麒翔,尤东华,王雪峰,陈骁,陈敏.2008.龙门山汶川地震特征及构造运动学初析.成都理工大学学报(自然科学版),35(4):429~430.
刘树根,田小彬,李智武,孙玮,郭兵,刘顺.2008.龙门山中段构造特征与汶川地震.成都理工大学学报(自然科学版),35(4):388~397.
杨主恩,邓志辉,马文涛,孙谦,陈桂华.2008.汶川8级强震极震区破坏情况与烈度.地震地质,30(2):349~354.
张道仪,延军,张培耀,孙国学,徐玉荣.1990.地震前地应力短临异常初探.地震,(1):43~49.
张道仪,延军,胡遵素,朱万宁,孙国学.1994.高精度岩层应力仪探头安装在土层中的实验观测.地震,(2):81~84.
张培耀,张翠菊.1991.II型压磁应力仪介绍.地震,(4):73~75.
张培耀,张翠菊.1992.压磁应力测量中悬空元件变化的原因.地震,(3):62~65,78.
张岳桥,董树文.2008.四川汶川MS8.0地震报道.地质学报,82(7):1013~1016.
朱介寿.2008.汶川地震的岩石圈深部结构与动力学背景.成都理工大学学报(自然科学版),35(4):348~356.
Doong Shuwen,Zhang Yueqiao,Wu Zhenhan,Yang Yong,MaYinsheng,Shi Wei,Chen Zhengle,Long Changxing,AnMeijuan.2008.Sufface rupture and co-seismic displacementproduced by theMS8.0Wenchuan earthquake of May12th,2008,Sichuan,China:Eastwards growth of the Qinghai-Tibet plateau.Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition),82(5):938~948.
版权所有：© 2023 中国地质图书馆 中国地质调查局地学文献中心