震后次生山地灾害对山区道路的危害及防治体系
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摘要
山区地质地貌条件复杂,使得我国山区道路沿线的山地灾害广泛发育,5.12汶川地震诱发的生山地灾害使得山区道路沿线的环境进一步恶化。分析了汶川地震震后两年多时间内崩塌滑坡、泥石流的活动特征及其对山区道路的危害,其中震后崩塌滑坡主要以小型的堆积层崩滑为主,且分布范围广,而震后的泥石流则表现为规模大、频发性、群发性、持续时间长等特点。为保证山区道路的畅通,必须采取有效的措施对威胁道路的次生山地灾害进行综合防治,提出了震后山区道路灾害防治与管理体系。
In China,mountain disasters occurred frequently with wide range and damaged seriously to mountain roads due to the complex geological and topographical conditions in mountain areas.A lot of secondary mountain disasters were induced directly by the 5.12 Wenchuan Earthquake,meanwhile it made the environment along the mountain roads worsen further,which may cause more mountain disasters.The active characteristics of the collapse,landslide and debris flow after the Wenchuan Earthquake and its damage to mountain road was analyzed.Because earthquake-induced mountain disasters will threaten the mountain roads for a long time,in order to ensure the mountain roads expedite,some effective measurements should be taken to prevent mountain disasters.Considering many factors,it is proposed to set up the system to prevent and manage the mountain roads disaster,which should be carried out by the lead of government and assistance of relative government departments and social associations.
In China,mountain disasters occurred frequently with wide range and damaged seriously to mountain roads due to the complex geological and topographical conditions in mountain areas.A lot of secondary mountain disasters were induced directly by the 5.12 Wenchuan Earthquake,meanwhile it made the environment along the mountain roads worsen further,which may cause more mountain disasters.The active characteristics of the collapse,landslide and debris flow after the Wenchuan Earthquake and its damage to mountain road was analyzed.Because earthquake-induced mountain disasters will threaten the mountain roads for a long time,in order to ensure the mountain roads expedite,some effective measurements should be taken to prevent mountain disasters.Considering many factors,it is proposed to set up the system to prevent and manage the mountain roads disaster,which should be carried out by the lead of government and assistance of relative government departments and social associations.
引文
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[2]崔鹏,林勇明.自然因素与工程作用对山区道路泥石流、滑坡形成的影响[J].灾害学,2007,22(3):11-16.
[3]崔鹏,韦方强,陈晓清.汶川地震次生山地灾害及其减灾对策[J].中国科学院院报,2008,23(4):317-323.
[4]崔鹏,韦方强,何思明,等.5.12汶川地震诱发的山地灾害及减灾措施[J].山地学报,2008,26(3):280-282.
[5]殷跃平.汶川八级地震地质灾害研究[J].工程地质学报,2008,16(4):433-444.
[6]CUI Peng,ZHU Ying-yan,HAN Yong-shun.The 12 May Wenchuan Earthquake-induced Landslide Lakes:Distribution andPreliminary Risk Evaluation[J].Landslides,2009,(6):209-223.
[7]陈兴长.汶川地震极震区泥石流活动特征与潜在泥石流判识[D].中科院成都山地灾害与环境研究所,2010.
[8]唐川,梁京涛.汶川震区北川9.24暴雨泥石流特征研究[J].工程地质学报,2008,16(6):751-758.
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