基于正交多项式变换的CMP动校正道集随机噪声压制
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摘要
本文提出了一种新的基于正交多项式变换来压制动校正后CMP道集上随机噪声的方法.将地震资料经过正交多项式变换,建立正交多项式系数谱,该谱描述了地震资料在正交多项式域的能量分布,可以较好地分离有效波和随机噪声.相对于固定阶次的基于正交多项式变换压制噪声的方法,所提出的方法根据能量随阶次变化的规律,自适应确定表达有效信号的正交多项式阶次,既提高了信号和噪声的分离效果,又有效地保护了地震信号中的AVO信息.对人工合成数据和实际资料的处理结果表明了所提出方法的有效性.
A new random noise attenuation method is proposed based on orthogonal polynomials transform for NMO CMP gathers.After orthogonal polynomials transform,the CMP data are transformed to spectra of orthogonal polynomials coefficients,which describe the energy distribution of CMP data and can distinguish between effective waves and noises.The orthogonal polynomials order of effective waves is confirmed according to the energy variation with order increasing.This method can not only attenuate the noise but also preserve the AVO properties.The processing of synthetic and real data shows good results.
A new random noise attenuation method is proposed based on orthogonal polynomials transform for NMO CMP gathers.After orthogonal polynomials transform,the CMP data are transformed to spectra of orthogonal polynomials coefficients,which describe the energy distribution of CMP data and can distinguish between effective waves and noises.The orthogonal polynomials order of effective waves is confirmed according to the energy variation with order increasing.This method can not only attenuate the noise but also preserve the AVO properties.The processing of synthetic and real data shows good results.
引文
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[13]陆文凯,张学工,李衍达,等.时频域零炮检距地震道拟合[J].石油地球物理勘探,2001,36(1):56~59.Lu W K,Zhang X G,Li Y D,et al.Fitting a zero-offsetseismic reace in time-frequency domain[J].Oil GeophysicalProspecting(in Chinese),2001,36(1):56~59.
[14]李鲲鹏,刘业新,李衍达,等.小波变换的过零点特性与地震勘探信号的信噪比和分辨率[J].地球物理学报,1997,40(4):561~568.Li K P,Liu Y X,Li Y D,et al.Zero crossing property ofwavelet transform and improvement of both seismic signalnoise ratio and resolution[J].Chinese J.Geophys.(inChinese),1997,40(4):561~568.
[15]刘贵忠,宗涛,章珂,等.利用纵向小波包变换和横向多项式拟合提高地震信号的信噪比和分辨率[J].石油地球物理勘探,1995,30(5):585~592.Liu G Z,Zong T,Zhang K,et al.improving both seismicsignal-noise ratio and resolution by vertical wavelet packagetransform and lateral polynomial fitting[J].Oil GeophysicalProspecting(in Chinese),1995,30(5):585~592.
[16]Ursin B,Dahl T.Least-squares estimation of reflectivitypolynomials[J].60thSEG meeiting,San Francisco,ExpandedAbstracts,1069~1071.
[17]Johansen T A,Brulan L,Lutro J.Tracking the AVO byusing orthogonal polynomials[J].Geophysical prospecting,1995,43:245~261.
[2]国九英,周兴元,杨慧珠.三维f-x,y域随机噪声衰减[J].石油地球物理勘探,1995,30(2):207~215.Guo J Y,Zhou X Y,Yang H Z.Attenuation of random noiseinf-x,ydomain Oil Geophysical Prospecting[J].OilGeophysical Prospecting(in Chinese),1995,30(2):207~215.
[3]牛滨华,等.多项式Radon变换[J].地球物理学报,2001,44(2):263~271.Niu B H,et al.Polynomial radon transform[J].Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2001,44(2):263~271.
[4]Russell B,et al.Noise elimination and the Radon transform,Part1[J].The Leading Edge,1990,9(9),18~23.
[5]Russell B,et al.Noise elimination and the Radon transform,Part2[J].The Leading Edge,1990,9(11),31~37.
[6]余寿朋,蔡希玲.用地震信号多项式拟合提高叠加剖面信噪比[J].石油地球物理勘探,1988,23(2),131~139.Yu S P,Cai X L.Improvement of signal-to-noise ratio of stacksection using polynomial fitting of seismic signals[J].OilGeophysical Prospecting(in Chinese),1988,23(2),131~139.
[7]万海涛,苏永昌,余寿朋.3-D叠后地震资料多项式拟和提高信噪比和道内插[J].石油地球物理勘探.1994,29(2):208~212.Wan H T,Su Y C,Yu S P.Improving the signal/noise ratioof stacked 3-D seismic data by polynomial fitting method andtrace interpolation[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting(inChinese),1994,29(2):208~212.
[8]崔若飞,王辉.多项式拟和技术在煤田地震勘探中的应用[J].地球物理学进展,2000,15(2):47~53.Cui R F,Wang H.Application of polunomial fitting techniqueon coal seismic surveying[J].Progress in Geophysics,2000,15(2):47~53.
[9]钟伟,杨宝俊,张智.多项式拟合技术在强噪声地震资料中的应用研究[J].地球物理学进展,2006,21(1),184~189.Zhong W,Yang B J,Zhang Z.Research on application ofpolynomial fitting technique in highly noisy seismic data[J].Progress in Geophysics,2006,21(1),184~189.
[10]夏洪瑞,董江伟等,常规二次多项式拟合地震数据[J].石油地球物理勘探,2006,45(5),492~496.Xia H R,Dong J W,et al.Normal quadratic polynomialfitting seismic data[J].Geophysical prospecting forpetroleum,2006,45(5),492~496.
[11]杨云飞,王华忠,曹景忠.正交多项式逼近去白噪[J].石油地球物理勘探,2001,36(6),704~706.Yang Y F,Wang J H,Cao J Z.Using orthogonalpolynomials for eliminating white noise[J].Oil GeophysicalProspecting(in Chinese),2001,36(6),704~706.
[12]胡天跃,王润秋,R.E.White.地震资料处理中的聚束滤波方法[J].地球物理学报,2000,43(1):105~115.Hu T Y,Wang R Q,White R E.Beamforming in seismicdata processing[J].Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2000,43(1):105~115.
[13]陆文凯,张学工,李衍达,等.时频域零炮检距地震道拟合[J].石油地球物理勘探,2001,36(1):56~59.Lu W K,Zhang X G,Li Y D,et al.Fitting a zero-offsetseismic reace in time-frequency domain[J].Oil GeophysicalProspecting(in Chinese),2001,36(1):56~59.
[14]李鲲鹏,刘业新,李衍达,等.小波变换的过零点特性与地震勘探信号的信噪比和分辨率[J].地球物理学报,1997,40(4):561~568.Li K P,Liu Y X,Li Y D,et al.Zero crossing property ofwavelet transform and improvement of both seismic signalnoise ratio and resolution[J].Chinese J.Geophys.(inChinese),1997,40(4):561~568.
[15]刘贵忠,宗涛,章珂,等.利用纵向小波包变换和横向多项式拟合提高地震信号的信噪比和分辨率[J].石油地球物理勘探,1995,30(5):585~592.Liu G Z,Zong T,Zhang K,et al.improving both seismicsignal-noise ratio and resolution by vertical wavelet packagetransform and lateral polynomial fitting[J].Oil GeophysicalProspecting(in Chinese),1995,30(5):585~592.
[16]Ursin B,Dahl T.Least-squares estimation of reflectivitypolynomials[J].60thSEG meeiting,San Francisco,ExpandedAbstracts,1069~1071.
[17]Johansen T A,Brulan L,Lutro J.Tracking the AVO byusing orthogonal polynomials[J].Geophysical prospecting,1995,43:245~261.
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