浅埋隧道掘进爆破地表震动效应数值模拟
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摘要
以渝怀铁路人和场隧道爆破施工为背景,采用动力有限元法对浅埋隧道掘进爆破引起的地表震动效应进行了数值模拟.所建立的数值计算模型以地表和隧道已开挖区周边作为自由边界,其余为固定边界,实测隧道壁质点振动波形作为输入荷载.模拟获得的振动波形与实测波形相近,振动速度随时间和距离的衰减规律也与现场实测基本一致.对比分析模拟波形和实测波形的振动特征参数表明,模拟波形能反映质点的实际振动特征,其振幅、主频和持时的相对误差均值分别为9.14%,12.85%和17.57%.
By taking a shallow tunnel on the Yuhuai railway as the research object,ground vibration induced by blasting was simulated numerically using a dynamic finite element method.In the established numerical model,the ground and excavating boundaries are regarded as free ones,others as fixed ones,and a measured vibration wave is taken as the import load in numerical calculations.The result shows that the simulated wave of ground vibration is close to the measured wave in shape,and the attenuation laws of vibration velocity with time and distance accords with measured results.A further comparison between the characteristic parameters of simulated and measured waves shows that the simulated wave of ground vibration can reflect the characteristics of particle vibration,and the average values of relative errors of amplitude,main vibration frequency and duration are 9.14%,(12.85%) and 17.57% respectively.
By taking a shallow tunnel on the Yuhuai railway as the research object,ground vibration induced by blasting was simulated numerically using a dynamic finite element method.In the established numerical model,the ground and excavating boundaries are regarded as free ones,others as fixed ones,and a measured vibration wave is taken as the import load in numerical calculations.The result shows that the simulated wave of ground vibration is close to the measured wave in shape,and the attenuation laws of vibration velocity with time and distance accords with measured results.A further comparison between the characteristic parameters of simulated and measured waves shows that the simulated wave of ground vibration can reflect the characteristics of particle vibration,and the average values of relative errors of amplitude,main vibration frequency and duration are 9.14%,(12.85%) and 17.57% respectively.
引文
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[2]许海亮,张继春,郭建群.钻孔爆破中质点振动速度的预测公式探讨[J].爆破,2003,20(3):75-78.XU Hailiang,ZHANG Jichun,GUO Jianqun.Investigation on formu la of pred icting the partic le vibration veloc ity in drillingb lasting[J].B lasting,2003,20(3):75-78.
[3]汪旭光,于亚伦,刘殿中.爆破安全规程实施手册[M].北京:人民交通出版社,2004:133-137.
[4]张继春,曹孝君,郑爽英,等.浅埋隧道掘进爆破的地表震动效应试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2005,24(22):4 158-4 163.ZHANG Jich in,CAO X iaojun,ZHENG Shuangyin,et al.Experim ental study on vibration effects of ground in shallowtunneling b lasting[J].Ch inese Journal of Rock M echan ics and Engineering,2005,24(22):4 158-4 163.
[5]龙源,冯长根,徐全军,等.爆破地震波在岩石介质中传播特性与数值计算研究[J].工程爆破,2000,6(3):1-7.LONG Yuan,FENG Changgen,XU Quan jun,et al.Study on propagation characteristics of b lasting se ism ic waves in rockm ed ium and num erical calcu lation[J].Engineering B lasting,2000,6(3):1-7.
[6]夏祥,李俊如,李海波,等.爆破荷载作用下岩体振动特征的数值模拟[J].岩土力学,2005,26(1):50-56.X IA X iang,LI Junru,LIHaibo,et al.Udec modeling of vibration characteristics of jointed rock m ass under exp losion[J].Rock and SoilM echan ics,2005,26(1):50-56.
[7]杨伟林,杨柏坡.爆破地震动效应的数值模拟分析[J].地震工程与工程振动,2005,25(1):8-13.YANG W e ilin,YANG Bopo.Num erical simu lation of exp losion se ism ic effect[J].Earthquake Engineering and EngineeringV ibration,2005,25(1):8-13.
[8]阳生权.小线间距施工隧道爆破地震影响下既有隧道围岩线性动力分析[J].工程爆破,1998,4(1):1-6.YANG Shengquan.L iner dynam ic analysis on rock-m ed ia of old tunnel affected by b lasting vibration of new tunnelw ith sm allline-c learance[J].Engineering B lasting,1998,4(1):1-6.
[9]刘慧.近距侧爆情况下马蹄形隧道动态响应特点的研究[J].爆炸与冲击,2000,20(2):175-181.LIU Hu i.Study on the dynam ic response of hoof-shaped tunnel resu lting from b lasting in side w ith sm all d istance[J].Exp losion and Shock W ave,2000,20(2):175-181.
[10]杨年华,刘慧.近距离爆破引起的隧道周边振动场[J].工程爆破,2000,6(2):6-11.YANG N ianhua,LIU Hu i.V ibration field at tunnel contour induced by a c lose-in b lasting[J].Engineering B lasting,2000,6(2):6-11.
[11]谭忠盛,杨小林,王梦恕.复线隧道施工爆破对既有隧道的影响分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2003,22(2):281-285.TAN Zhongshen,YANG X iaolin,WANG M engshu.E ffect of b last in doub le line tunnel on existing tunnel[J].Ch ineseJournal of Rock M echan ics and Engineering,2003,22(2):281-285.
[12]吴浩艺,刘慧,史雅语,等.邻近侧向爆破作用下既有隧道减震问题分析[J].爆破,2002,19(4):74-76.WU Haoyi,LIU Hu i,SH I Yayu,et al.Analysis on the vibration reduction in tunnel contour induced by ad jacent sideb lasting[J].B lasting,2002,19(4):74-76.
[13]李玉民,倪芝芳.地下工程开挖爆破的地面振动特征[J].岩石力学与工程学报,1997,16(3):274-278.LI Yum ing,NI Zh ifang.The characteristics on surface vibration of b lasting in underground engineering[J].Ch inese Journalof Rock M echan ics and Engineering,1997,16(3):274-278.
[14]PREECE D S,THORNE B J.A study of detonation tim ing and fragm entation using 3-D fin ite elem ent techn iques and adam age constitutive model[C]∥Rock Fragm entation by B lasting.Rotterdam:A.A.Balkem a,1996:147-156.
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