中国海底地球物理探测仪器的新进展
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摘要
获取海底的地球物理信息,需要采用综合的地球物理探测方法。但在我国由于技术原因,电磁法、核放射性法和天然地震法等,长期未能进入海洋勘查领域。其难点表现为,这些方法所用的探测仪必需下沉至海底进行测量。与陆上仪器的不同点在于,水下仪器需解决密封承压、拖曳行进以及投放与回收等关键技术。“九五”期间,中国海洋物探仪器的研制取得突破。五分量海底大地电磁仪、海洋拖曳式多道丫射线能谱仪和宽频带大动态三分量数字记录海底地震仪等先进的探测仪器相继研制成功,并投入了试验。首批采集数据显示,所有仪器均达到设计目标。海洋探测已有了新的技术支撑点。
In marine exploration, comprehensive geophysical prospecting methods are needed. For many years the survey of electrornagnetism, nuclear radiation and earthquake was not adopted in marine geophysical prospecting due to technical limits. The most difficult point for these methods is that the explorations have to be carried out in subsea environment. Different from the explorations on land, several key problems must be solved, such as waterproof and pressurization, towing, delivering and reclaiming of the marine instruments. During the Ninth Five-year Plan period, great breakthrough was achieved in the development of marine prospecting instrument in China. Advanced instruments such as five-component seafloor magnetotelluric instrument, sea towed multichannel gamma ray spectrometer,digital dynamic broad frequency band three-component seafloor seismograph were successfully developed. Primary marine prospecting experiments showed that all these instruments have reached the design goal.
In marine exploration, comprehensive geophysical prospecting methods are needed. For many years the survey of electrornagnetism, nuclear radiation and earthquake was not adopted in marine geophysical prospecting due to technical limits. The most difficult point for these methods is that the explorations have to be carried out in subsea environment. Different from the explorations on land, several key problems must be solved, such as waterproof and pressurization, towing, delivering and reclaiming of the marine instruments. During the Ninth Five-year Plan period, great breakthrough was achieved in the development of marine prospecting instrument in China. Advanced instruments such as five-component seafloor magnetotelluric instrument, sea towed multichannel gamma ray spectrometer,digital dynamic broad frequency band three-component seafloor seismograph were successfully developed. Primary marine prospecting experiments showed that all these instruments have reached the design goal.
引文
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2 章哗.放射性方法勘查[M].北京:原子能出版社,1992． 62～63
3 邓明,魏文博,高从友,等.硬件系统集成--海底大地电磁测量的关键技术[J].现代地质,2002,16(2) :214～219
4 Sukup D V. Wide-azimuth marine acquisition by the helix method[J]. The Leading Edge, 2002, 21(8) : 2941-2944
5 Ferguson 1 J, Filloux J H, Lilley F E. A seafloor mag-netotelluric sounding in the Tasman Sea[J]. Geophysical Research Letters, 1985,12(9) : 545-548
6 White S N.Chave A D,Filloux J H. A look at Galvanic distortion in the Tasman Sea and Juan de Fuca Plate[J]. Jounal Geomag Geoelectr, 1997, 49(11/12) :1373-1 386
7 Lizarralde D,Chave A,Schultz A. Northeastern Pacific mantle conductivity profile from long-period magneto-telluric sounding using Hawaii-to-California submarine cable data[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research, 1995, 100 (B9) : 17 837-17 854
8 Evans R L, Tarits P, Chave A D. Asymmetric electrical structure in the Mantle Beneath the East Pacific Rise at 17°S[J]. Science,1999,286(20) :752-756
9 Nolasco R,Filloux J H. Magnetotelluric imaging of the Society Islands hotspot[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research, 1998, 103(B1) : 30 287-30309
10 Schultz A, Kurtz R D, Chave A D. Conductivity discontinuities in the upper mantle beneath a stable craton [J]. Geophysical Research Letters, 1993, 20(24) : 2941-2944
11 Chave A D, Luther D S, Fillorx J H. Observations of the boundary current system at 26． 5 N in the subtropical North Atlantic ocean[J]. Journal of Physical Oceanography, 1997, 27(9) : 1827-1848
12 Ikuko Fujii, Chave A D. Motional induction effect on the planetary-scale geoelectric potential in the eastern North Pacific [J]. Journal of Geophysical Research, 1999,104(cl): 1343-1359
13 Owens T J,Fowler J. New Instrumentation drives discovery of the earth's deep interior [J]. The Leading Edge, 2003, 22(3) : 220-223
14 Sasagawa G S, Crawford W, Eiken O. A new sea-floor gravimeter[J]. Geophysics, 2003, 68(2) : 544-553
15 Mcconnell D R,Kendall B A. Images of the base of gas hydrate stability in the deepwater Gulf of Mexico: Examples of gas hydrate traps in Northwest Walker Ridge and implications for successful well planning [J]. The Leading Edge, 2003, 22(4) : 361-367
16 魏文博,邓明.海底电磁测量仪器承压舱[P].中国专利,ZL00254753． 8． 2001-6-23
17 邓明,魏文博,邓靖武.五分量海底大地电磁仪总成[P].中国专利,ZL00254754． 6． 2001-7-13
18 李叔达.动力地质学原理[M].北京:地质出版社,1994． 165～169
19 邵安民,张玉云,赵风文.海底地震数据记录器[J].地球物理学报,2003,46(2) :224～228
2 章哗.放射性方法勘查[M].北京:原子能出版社,1992． 62～63
3 邓明,魏文博,高从友,等.硬件系统集成--海底大地电磁测量的关键技术[J].现代地质,2002,16(2) :214～219
4 Sukup D V. Wide-azimuth marine acquisition by the helix method[J]. The Leading Edge, 2002, 21(8) : 2941-2944
5 Ferguson 1 J, Filloux J H, Lilley F E. A seafloor mag-netotelluric sounding in the Tasman Sea[J]. Geophysical Research Letters, 1985,12(9) : 545-548
6 White S N.Chave A D,Filloux J H. A look at Galvanic distortion in the Tasman Sea and Juan de Fuca Plate[J]. Jounal Geomag Geoelectr, 1997, 49(11/12) :1373-1 386
7 Lizarralde D,Chave A,Schultz A. Northeastern Pacific mantle conductivity profile from long-period magneto-telluric sounding using Hawaii-to-California submarine cable data[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research, 1995, 100 (B9) : 17 837-17 854
8 Evans R L, Tarits P, Chave A D. Asymmetric electrical structure in the Mantle Beneath the East Pacific Rise at 17°S[J]. Science,1999,286(20) :752-756
9 Nolasco R,Filloux J H. Magnetotelluric imaging of the Society Islands hotspot[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research, 1998, 103(B1) : 30 287-30309
10 Schultz A, Kurtz R D, Chave A D. Conductivity discontinuities in the upper mantle beneath a stable craton [J]. Geophysical Research Letters, 1993, 20(24) : 2941-2944
11 Chave A D, Luther D S, Fillorx J H. Observations of the boundary current system at 26． 5 N in the subtropical North Atlantic ocean[J]. Journal of Physical Oceanography, 1997, 27(9) : 1827-1848
12 Ikuko Fujii, Chave A D. Motional induction effect on the planetary-scale geoelectric potential in the eastern North Pacific [J]. Journal of Geophysical Research, 1999,104(cl): 1343-1359
13 Owens T J,Fowler J. New Instrumentation drives discovery of the earth's deep interior [J]. The Leading Edge, 2003, 22(3) : 220-223
14 Sasagawa G S, Crawford W, Eiken O. A new sea-floor gravimeter[J]. Geophysics, 2003, 68(2) : 544-553
15 Mcconnell D R,Kendall B A. Images of the base of gas hydrate stability in the deepwater Gulf of Mexico: Examples of gas hydrate traps in Northwest Walker Ridge and implications for successful well planning [J]. The Leading Edge, 2003, 22(4) : 361-367
16 魏文博,邓明.海底电磁测量仪器承压舱[P].中国专利,ZL00254753． 8． 2001-6-23
17 邓明,魏文博,邓靖武.五分量海底大地电磁仪总成[P].中国专利,ZL00254754． 6． 2001-7-13
18 李叔达.动力地质学原理[M].北京:地质出版社,1994． 165～169
19 邵安民,张玉云,赵风文.海底地震数据记录器[J].地球物理学报,2003,46(2) :224～228
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