花青素转录因子调控机制及代谢工程研究进展
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摘要
花青素是广泛存在于植物中的一类重要的类黄酮化合物,在植物生长发育和人类营养保健方面具有重要价值。花青素的生物合成途径已经解析得比较清楚,但花青素的代谢调控网络还在不断完善。调控花青素生物合成的转录因子主要包括MYB、bHLH和WD40三大类,这些转录因子通过激活或抑制CHS、ANS和DFR等花青素途径关键结构基因的表达水平,进而决定花青素积累的部位与水平。该文结合国内外花青素生物合成与转录调控方面的研究进展,简要介绍了花青素的生物合成途径,归纳总结了模式植物中花青素代谢调控的分子机理,尤其是MYB、bHLH和WD40三类主要转录因子的调控机理,以及这些转录因子在观赏植物和水果等经济作物花青素代谢工程中的应用。该文将为系统阐明花青素的转录调控机制和利用代谢工程改良花青素的相关研究提供有益参考。
Anthocyanins are among the most important flavonoid compounds widely present in plants. Anthocyanins play significant roles in plant growth and development as well as human nutrition and health care. The anthocyanin biosynthetic pathway has been widely documented, and the anthocyanin metabolic regulation network is being constantly improved. The transcription factors that regulate anthocyanin biosynthesis mainly include three classes: MYB, b HLH and WD40 proteins. The proteins regulate the accumulation, location and levels of anthocyanins by activating or suppressing the expression of key structural genes, including CHS, ANS and DFR. This review briefly introduces the anthocyanin biosynthetic pathway and summarizes the molecular mechanism of transcriptional regulation based on recent progress. It mainly focuses on the molecular mechanism of MYB, bHLH and WD40 transcription factors in the regulation of anthocyanins in model plants. In addition, it summarizes the use of these transcription factors in anthocyanin metabolic engineering in ornamental plants and fruit crops. This review will provide valuable references for the in-depth investigation of transcriptional regulation and improving anthocyanins by metabolic engineering.
Anthocyanins are among the most important flavonoid compounds widely present in plants. Anthocyanins play significant roles in plant growth and development as well as human nutrition and health care. The anthocyanin biosynthetic pathway has been widely documented, and the anthocyanin metabolic regulation network is being constantly improved. The transcription factors that regulate anthocyanin biosynthesis mainly include three classes: MYB, b HLH and WD40 proteins. The proteins regulate the accumulation, location and levels of anthocyanins by activating or suppressing the expression of key structural genes, including CHS, ANS and DFR. This review briefly introduces the anthocyanin biosynthetic pathway and summarizes the molecular mechanism of transcriptional regulation based on recent progress. It mainly focuses on the molecular mechanism of MYB, bHLH and WD40 transcription factors in the regulation of anthocyanins in model plants. In addition, it summarizes the use of these transcription factors in anthocyanin metabolic engineering in ornamental plants and fruit crops. This review will provide valuable references for the in-depth investigation of transcriptional regulation and improving anthocyanins by metabolic engineering.
引文
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