丹江口库区库滨带植被土壤细菌群落多样性及PICRUSt功能预测分析
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摘要
微生物是土壤元素生物地球化学循环的主要驱动力,目前库滨带植物截留和消减污染物质过程中细菌群落及其功能研究尚未清楚.本研究选取适宜丹江口库区库滨带生长的4种典型植物(草本植物香根草、芦苇、乔木植物杜梨和灌木植物假奓包叶),采用16S r DNA Miseq高通量测序技术研究根际细菌群落组成,发现其主要由变形菌门、拟杆菌门、放线菌门等31个门、343个属的细菌组成,表现出群落组成的丰富性.细菌群落分析表明香根草和芦苇细菌群落结构较为相似,但和杜梨细菌群落结构差异最大.PICRUSt功能预测分析表明,库滨带植物根际细菌主要涉及次生产物代谢的生物合成、转录、多糖生物合成和代谢、细胞生长和死亡等38个子功能,表现出功能上的丰富性.库滨带植物根际细菌代谢能力整体趋势为假奓包叶>芦苇>香根草>杜梨.本研究初步探讨了丹江口库区库滨带不同植物根际细菌群落和功能,为丹江口水库库滨带植被构建及其水环境保护提供了参考依据.
Microbial communities play crucial roles in the global biogeochemical nitrogen cycle.To our knowledge,the compositions and functions of rhizosphere communities in riparian buffer strips have not been reported.In this study,rhizosphere soil samples were collected from herbs(Vetiveria zizanioides and Phragmites australis),trees(Pyrus betulifolia),and shrubs(Discocleidion rufescens) in the Danjiangkou Reservoir in June 2017.High-throughput sequencing was performed to analyze the community structure and diversity of bacteria.Phylogenetic analysis based on 16 S r DNA sequences shows that the bacterial communities can be divided into 31 major phylogenetic groups.The dominant phylogenetic groups include Proteobacteria,Bacteroidetes,Actinobacteria,Gemmatimonadetes,and Acidobacteria.Phylogenetic investigation of communities by reconstruction of unobserved states(PICRUSt) was used to determine the metabolic and functional abilities of the observed bacterial communities.Our results reveal a wide genetic diversity of organisms involved in various essential processes such as biosynthesis of other secondary metabolites,transcription,Glycan biosynthesis and metabolism,cell growth and death,and carbohydrate metabolism.Based on the 16 S rRNA gene copy number of the detected phylotype,the bacterial rhizospheres of plants in riparian buffer strips can be ranked as follows:Discocleidion rufescens > Phragmites australis > Vetiveria zizanioides > Pyrus betulifolia.We analyzed the differences of different plants from the perspective of bacterial community composition and function and provide a foundation for vegetation construction and water environmental protection in riparian buffer strips of the Danjiangkou Reservoir.
Microbial communities play crucial roles in the global biogeochemical nitrogen cycle.To our knowledge,the compositions and functions of rhizosphere communities in riparian buffer strips have not been reported.In this study,rhizosphere soil samples were collected from herbs(Vetiveria zizanioides and Phragmites australis),trees(Pyrus betulifolia),and shrubs(Discocleidion rufescens) in the Danjiangkou Reservoir in June 2017.High-throughput sequencing was performed to analyze the community structure and diversity of bacteria.Phylogenetic analysis based on 16 S r DNA sequences shows that the bacterial communities can be divided into 31 major phylogenetic groups.The dominant phylogenetic groups include Proteobacteria,Bacteroidetes,Actinobacteria,Gemmatimonadetes,and Acidobacteria.Phylogenetic investigation of communities by reconstruction of unobserved states(PICRUSt) was used to determine the metabolic and functional abilities of the observed bacterial communities.Our results reveal a wide genetic diversity of organisms involved in various essential processes such as biosynthesis of other secondary metabolites,transcription,Glycan biosynthesis and metabolism,cell growth and death,and carbohydrate metabolism.Based on the 16 S rRNA gene copy number of the detected phylotype,the bacterial rhizospheres of plants in riparian buffer strips can be ranked as follows:Discocleidion rufescens > Phragmites australis > Vetiveria zizanioides > Pyrus betulifolia.We analyzed the differences of different plants from the perspective of bacterial community composition and function and provide a foundation for vegetation construction and water environmental protection in riparian buffer strips of the Danjiangkou Reservoir.
引文
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[21]阴星望,田伟,丁一,等.丹江口库区表层沉积物细菌多样性及功能预测分析[J].湖泊科学,2018,30(4):1052-1063.Yin X W,Tian W,Ding Y,et al.Composition and predictive functional analysis of bacterial communities in surface sediments of the Danjiangkou Reservoir[J].Journal of Lake Sciences,2018,30(4):1052-1063.
[22]董志颖,洪慢,胡晗静,等.过量氮输入对寡营养海水细菌群落代谢潜力的影响[J].环境科学学报,2018,38(2):457-466.Dong Z Y,Hong M,Hu H J,et al.Effect of excess nitrogen loading on the metabolic potential of the bacterial community in oligotrophic coastal water[J].Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae,2018,38(2):457-466.
[23]Chen Z J,Zheng Y,Ding C Y,et al.Integrated metagenomics and molecular ecological network analysis of bacterial community composition during the phytoremediation of cadmiumcontaminated soils by bioenergy crops[J].Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety,2017,145:111-118.
[24]Caporaso J G,Kuczynski J,Stombaugh J,et al.QⅡME allows analysis of high-throughput community sequencing data[J].Nature methods,2010,7(5):335-336.
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[32]朱平,陈仁升,宋耀选,等.祁连山中部4种典型植被类型土壤细菌群落结构差异[J].生态学报,2017,37(10):3505-3514.Zhu P,Chen R S,Song Y X,et al.Soil bacterial community composition and diversity of four representative vegetation types in the middle section of the Qilian Mountains,China[J].Acta Ecologica Sinica,2017,37(10):3505-3514.
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[2]王晓锋,袁兴中,刘红,等.三峡库区消落带4种典型植物根际土壤养分与氮素赋存形态[J].环境科学,2015,36(10):3662-3673.Wang X F,Yuan X Z,Liu H,et al.Nutrient characteristics and nitrogen forms of rhizosphere soils under four typical plants in the littoral zone of TGR[J].Environmental Science,2015,36(10):3662-3673.
[3]Chen P,Li L,Zhang H B.Spatio-temporal variations and source apportionment of water pollution in Danjiangkou Reservoir basin,central China[J].Water,2015,7(6):2591-2611.
[4]陈兆进,丁传雨,朱静亚,等.丹江口水库枯水期浮游细菌群落组成及影响因素研究[J].中国环境科学,2017,37(1):336-344.Chen Z J,Ding C Y,Zhu J Y,et al.Community structure and influencing factors of bacterioplankton during low water periods in Danjiangkou Reservoir[J].China Environmental Science,2017,37(1):336-344.
[5]占海歌,蒋娟,郝好鑫,等.丹江口水库库滨带典型植物群落氮矿化特征[J].中国水土保持科学,2017,15(1):43-50.Zhan H G,Jiang J,Hao H X,et al.Soil nitrogen mineralization characteristics on typical vegetation community of riparian buffer strip in Danjiangkou Reservoir[J].Science of Soil and Water Conservation,2017,15(1):43-50.
[6]刘瑞雪,陈龙清,史志华.丹江口水库水滨带植物群落空间分布及环境解释[J].生态学报,2015,35(4):1208-1216.Liu R X,Chen L Q,Shi Z H.Spatial distribution of plant communities and environmental interpretation in the riparian zone of Danjiangkou Reservoir[J].Acta Ecologica Sinica,2015,35(4):1208-1216.
[7]曾祉祥,雷沛,张洪,等.丹江口水库典型消落区土壤氮磷赋存形态及释放特征研究[J].环境科学学报,2015,35(5):1383-1392.Zeng Z X,Lei P,Zhang H,et al.Nitrogen and phosphorus fractions and releasing characteristics of the soils from the representative water-level-fluctuating zone of Danjiangkou Reservoir[J].Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae,2015,35(5):1383-1392.
[8]滕泽栋,李敏,朱静,等.野鸭湖湿地芦苇根际微生物多样性与磷素形态关系[J].环境科学,2017,38(11):4589-4597.Teng Z D,Li M,Zhu J,et al.Effects of soil microbial diversity on the phosphate fraction in the rhizosphere of phragmites communis in the Yeyahu wetland in Beijing,China[J].Environmental Science,2017,38(11):4589-4597.
[9]Falkowski P G,Fenchel T,Delong E F.The microbial engines that drive earth's biogeochemical cycles[J].Science,2008,320(5879):1034-1039.
[10]Rich J J,Myrold D D.Community composition and activities of denitrifying bacteria from adjacent agricultural soil,riparian soil,and creek sediment in Oregon,USA[J].Soil Biology and Biochemistry,2004,36(9):1431-1441.
[11]王萃,鲍林林,王晓燕.密云水库底泥和库滨区土壤中氨氧化细菌的多样性和丰度[J].环境科学学报,2013,33(12):3334-3340.Wang C,Bao L L,Wang X Y.Diversity and abundance of ammonia oxidizing bacteria(AOB)communities in sediment and riparian soil around Miyun Reservoir[J].Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae,2013,33(12):3334-3340.
[12]梁菊,叶春,李春华,等.太湖竺山湾缓冲带两种人工草林土壤反硝化作用比较[J].环境科学研究,2017,30(5):744-754.Liang J,Ye C,Li C H,et al.Comparison of soil denitrification in two kinds of planted forests in the buffer zone of Zhushan bay,Taihu lake[J].Research of Environmental Sciences,2017,30(5):744-754.
[13]van Dijk E L,Auger H,Jaszczyszyn Y,et al.Ten years of nextgeneration sequencing technology[J].Trends in Genetics,2014,30(9):418-426.
[14]丁传雨,郑远,任学敏,等.能源植物修复土壤镉污染过程中细菌群落分析[J].环境科学学报,2016,36(8):3009-3016.Ding C Y,Zheng Y,Ren X M,et al.Changes in bacterial community composition during the remediation of Cdcontaminated soils of bioenergy crops[J].Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae,2016,36(8):3009-3016.
[15]Liu J J,Sui Y Y,Yu Z H,et al.High throughput sequencing analysis of biogeographical distribution of bacterial communities in the black soils of northeast China[J].Soil Biology and Biochemistry,2014,70:113-122.
[16]ifcˇákováL,Větrovsky T,Howe A,et al.Microbial activity in forest soil reflects the changes in ecosystem properties between summer and winter[J].Environmental Microbiology,2016,18(1):288-301.
[17]Yang Y,Wang N,Guo X Y,et al.Comparative analysis of bacterial community structure in the rhizosphere of maize by highthroughput pyrosequencing[J].PLo S One,2017,12(5):e0178425.
[18]Langille M G I,Zaneveld J,Caporaso J G,et al.Predictive functional profiling of microbial communities using 16S rRNAmarker gene sequences[J].Nature Biotechnology,2013,31(9):814-821.
[19]Pii Y,Borruso L,Brusetti L,et al.The interaction between iron nutrition,plant species and soil type shapes the rhizosphere microbiome[J].Plant Physiology and Biochemistry,2016,99:39-48.
[20]Jiang L F,Song M K,Yang L,et al.Exploring the influence of environmental factors on bacterial communities within the rhizosphere of the Cu-tolerant plant,Elsholtzia splendens[J].Scientific Reports,2016,6:36302.
[21]阴星望,田伟,丁一,等.丹江口库区表层沉积物细菌多样性及功能预测分析[J].湖泊科学,2018,30(4):1052-1063.Yin X W,Tian W,Ding Y,et al.Composition and predictive functional analysis of bacterial communities in surface sediments of the Danjiangkou Reservoir[J].Journal of Lake Sciences,2018,30(4):1052-1063.
[22]董志颖,洪慢,胡晗静,等.过量氮输入对寡营养海水细菌群落代谢潜力的影响[J].环境科学学报,2018,38(2):457-466.Dong Z Y,Hong M,Hu H J,et al.Effect of excess nitrogen loading on the metabolic potential of the bacterial community in oligotrophic coastal water[J].Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae,2018,38(2):457-466.
[23]Chen Z J,Zheng Y,Ding C Y,et al.Integrated metagenomics and molecular ecological network analysis of bacterial community composition during the phytoremediation of cadmiumcontaminated soils by bioenergy crops[J].Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety,2017,145:111-118.
[24]Caporaso J G,Kuczynski J,Stombaugh J,et al.QⅡME allows analysis of high-throughput community sequencing data[J].Nature methods,2010,7(5):335-336.
[25]Schloss P D,Westcott S L,Ryabin T,et al.Introducing mothur:open-source,platform-independent,communitysupported software for describing and comparing microbial communities[J].Applied and Environmental Microbiology,2009,75(23):7537-7541.
[26]Segata N,Izard J,Waldron L,et al.Metagenomic biomarker discovery and explanation[J].Genome Biology,2011,12(6):R60.
[27]Deng W K,Wang Y B,Liu Z X,et al.Hem I:a toolkit for illustrating heatmaps[J].PLo S One,2014,9(11):e111988.
[28]任庆水,马朋,李昌晓,等.三峡库区消落带两种草本植被土壤细菌群落多样性[J].生态学报,2016,36(11):3261-3272.Ren Q S,Ma P,Li C X,et al.Evaluation of bacterial diversity under different herb vegetation types in the hydro-fluctuation zone of the Three Gorges Reservoir in China[J].Acta Ecologica Sinica,2016,36(11):3261-3272.
[29]Bais H P,Weir T L,Perry L G,et al.The role of root exudates in rhizosphere interactions with plants and other organisms[J].Annual Review of Plant Biology,2006,57:233-266.
[30]Sánchez-Ca1izares C,Jorrín B,Poole P S,et al.Understanding the holobiont:the interdependence of plants and their microbiome[J].Current Opinion in Microbiology,2017,38:188-196.
[31]刘洋,黄懿梅,曾全超.黄土高原不同植被类型下土壤细菌群落特征研究[J].环境科学,2016,37(10):3931-3938.Liu Y,Huang Y M,Zeng Q C.Soil bacterial communities under different vegetation types in the Loess Plateau[J].Environmental Science,2016,37(10):3931-3938.
[32]朱平,陈仁升,宋耀选,等.祁连山中部4种典型植被类型土壤细菌群落结构差异[J].生态学报,2017,37(10):3505-3514.Zhu P,Chen R S,Song Y X,et al.Soil bacterial community composition and diversity of four representative vegetation types in the middle section of the Qilian Mountains,China[J].Acta Ecologica Sinica,2017,37(10):3505-3514.
[33]Marschner P,Yang C H,Lieberei R,et al.Soil and plant specific effects on bacterial community composition in the rhizosphere[J].Soil Biology and Biochemistry,2001,33(11):1437-1445.
[34]Tkacz A,Cheema J,Chandra G,et al.Stability and succession of the rhizosphere microbiota depends upon plant type and soil composition[J].The ISME Journal,2015,9(11):2349-2359.
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