2014-11-22康定M_S6.3地震加速度记录的时频分析与震害特征
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摘要
采用一种基于聚类经验模态分解(EEMD)的HHT方法提取康定M_S6.3地震强震记录的时频特性,通过对各台站获取的强震动加速度记录进行EEMD和Hilbert变换及谱分析,并与Fourier变换进行对比研究。结果表明,对于非线性的强震记录,采用EEMD能有效抑制EMD中存在的模态混叠问题。康定震区震害调查结果发现,"崩科"藏式建筑房屋表现出的震害特征较严重。通过Hilbert边际谱分析可以看出,震区台站主频集中在10 Hz左右,瞬时能量谱高频段信息较为丰富,而藏式建筑较差的抗震性也是造成震区"崩科"藏式结构房屋表现出震害偏重的重要原因。
The HHT method based on clustering empirical mode decomposition(EEMD) is used to extract the time-frequency characteristics of the strong earthquake record of Kangding M_S6.3 earthquake. The EEMD and Hilbert transform and spectrum analysis are performed on the strong vibration acceleration records acquired by each station. We compare with the Fourier transform. The results show that for nonlinear strong earthquake recording, EEMD can effectively suppress the modal aliasing problem existing in EMD. The results of the earthquake damage investigation in Kangding earthquake area show that the seismic damage characteristics of the collapsed building houses are more serious. It can be seen from the Hilbert marginal spectrum analysis that the main frequency of the stations in the earthquake zone is concentrated at around 10 Hz, and the instantaneous energy spectrum is high. The information is richer, and the poor seismic resistance of Tibetan buildings is also an important reason for the earthquake-damaged Tibetan-style structural houses.
The HHT method based on clustering empirical mode decomposition(EEMD) is used to extract the time-frequency characteristics of the strong earthquake record of Kangding M_S6.3 earthquake. The EEMD and Hilbert transform and spectrum analysis are performed on the strong vibration acceleration records acquired by each station. We compare with the Fourier transform. The results show that for nonlinear strong earthquake recording, EEMD can effectively suppress the modal aliasing problem existing in EMD. The results of the earthquake damage investigation in Kangding earthquake area show that the seismic damage characteristics of the collapsed building houses are more serious. It can be seen from the Hilbert marginal spectrum analysis that the main frequency of the stations in the earthquake zone is concentrated at around 10 Hz, and the instantaneous energy spectrum is high. The information is richer, and the poor seismic resistance of Tibetan buildings is also an important reason for the earthquake-damaged Tibetan-style structural houses.
引文
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[11] Lu Z,Smith J S,Wu Q H,et al.Empirical Mode Decomposition for Power Quality Monitoring[C].2005 IEEE/PES Transmission and Distribution Conference and Exposition:Asia and Pacific,Dalian,2005
[12] 李大虎,李军,邓艳,等.云南香格里拉、德钦-四川得荣交界5.9级地震加速度记录的时频分析[J].物探化探计算技术,2015,37(6):716-723(Li Dahu,Li Jun,Deng Yan,et al.Time-Frequency Analysis of MS5.9 Earthquake Acceleration Records in Border of Xianggelila between Deqin of Yunnan and Derong of Sichuan[J].Computing Techniques for Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration,2015,37(6):716-723)
[13] 易桂喜,龙锋,闻学泽,等.2014年11月22日康定M6.3级地震序列发震构造分析[J].地球物理学报,2015,58(4):1 205-1 219(Yi Guixi,Long Feng,Wen Xueze,et al.Seismogenic Structure of the M6.3 Kangding Earthquake Sequence on 22 Nov.2014,Southwestern China[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,2015,58(4):1 205-1 219)
[14] 周荣军,赖敏,李大虎,等.2011年4月10日四川炉霍Ms5.3级地震强震记录与震害特点[J].成都理工大学学报:自然科学版,2013,40(2):217-224(Zhou Rongjun,Lai Min,Li Dahu,et al.Strong-Motion Records and Characteristics of Earthquake Damages of MS5.3 Earthquake Occurred in Luhuo,Sichuan,China,on April 10,2011[J].Journal of Chengdu University of Technology:Science and Technology Edition,2013,40(2):217-224)
[15] 2014年11月22日四川省甘孜藏族自治州康定县6.3级地震灾害直接损失评估报告[R].四川省地震局,2011(Assessment Report on Direct Damage of Earthquake Disaster with MS6.3 in Kangding County,Ganzi Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture,Sichuan Province,22 November 2014[R].Sichuan Earthquake Agency,2011)
[2] 李大虎,赖敏,何强,等.基于聚类经验模态分解(EEMD)的汶川MS8.0强震动记录时频特性分析[J].地震学报,2012,34(3):350-362(Li Dahu,Lai Min,He Qiang,et al.Time-Frequency Characteristics Analysis of Wenchuan MS8.0 Strong Motion Records Based on EEMD Decomposition[J].Acta Seismologica Sinica,2012,34(3):350-362
[3] Daubechies I.The Wavelet Transform,Time-Frequency Localization and Signal Analysis[J].IEEE Transactions on Information Theory,1990,36(5):961-1 005
[4] 李大虎,梁明剑,黎小刚,等.2011年四川炉霍MS5.3地震加速度记录的时频分析与能量计算[J].西北地震学报,2012,34(4):335-341(Li Dahu,Liang Mingjian,Li Xiaogang,et al.Time-Frequency Analysis and Energy Calculation for Acceleration Records of Luhuo MS5.3 Earthquake in Sichuan Province in 2011[J].Northwestern Seismological Journal,2012,34(4):335-341)
[5] 郝国成,龚婷,董浩斌,等.基于聚类经验模态分解的地球天然脉冲电磁场时频与能量谱分析:以芦山MS7.0地震为例[J].地学前缘,2015,22(5):231-238(Hao Guocheng,Gong Ting,Dong Haobin,et al.Time-Frequency Characteristics and Energy Analysis of the Earth’s Natural Pulse Electromagnetic Fields Based on Ensemble Empirical Mode Decomposition:The Lushan MS7.0 Earthquake as an Example[J].Earth Science Frontiers,2015,22(5):231-238)
[6] Krishna B T.Electrocardiogram Signal and Linear Time-Frequency Transforms[J].Journal of the Institution of Engineers(India):Series B,2014,95(4):377-382
[7] Zhou Y H,Chen W C,Gao J H,et al.Application of Hilbert-Huang Transform Based Instantaneous Frequency to Seismic Reflection Data[J].Journal of Applied Geophysics,2012,82:68-74
[8] Wu Z H,Huang N E.Ensemble Empirical Mode Decomposition:A Noise-Assisted Data Analysis Method[J].Advances in Adaptive Data Analysis,2009,1(1):1-41
[9] Wu Z H,Huang N E.A Study of the Characteristics of White Noise Using the Empirical Mode Decomposition Method[J].Proceedings of the Royal Society of London Series A:Mathematical Physical and Engineering Sciences,2004,460(2 046):1 597-1 611
[10] Huang N E,Shen Z,Long S R,et al.The Empirical Mode Decomposition and the Hilbert Spectrum for Nonlinear and Non-Stationary Time Series Analysis[J].Proceedings of the Royal Society of London Series A:Mathematical Physical and Engineering Sciences,1998,454(1 971):903-995
[11] Lu Z,Smith J S,Wu Q H,et al.Empirical Mode Decomposition for Power Quality Monitoring[C].2005 IEEE/PES Transmission and Distribution Conference and Exposition:Asia and Pacific,Dalian,2005
[12] 李大虎,李军,邓艳,等.云南香格里拉、德钦-四川得荣交界5.9级地震加速度记录的时频分析[J].物探化探计算技术,2015,37(6):716-723(Li Dahu,Li Jun,Deng Yan,et al.Time-Frequency Analysis of MS5.9 Earthquake Acceleration Records in Border of Xianggelila between Deqin of Yunnan and Derong of Sichuan[J].Computing Techniques for Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration,2015,37(6):716-723)
[13] 易桂喜,龙锋,闻学泽,等.2014年11月22日康定M6.3级地震序列发震构造分析[J].地球物理学报,2015,58(4):1 205-1 219(Yi Guixi,Long Feng,Wen Xueze,et al.Seismogenic Structure of the M6.3 Kangding Earthquake Sequence on 22 Nov.2014,Southwestern China[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,2015,58(4):1 205-1 219)
[14] 周荣军,赖敏,李大虎,等.2011年4月10日四川炉霍Ms5.3级地震强震记录与震害特点[J].成都理工大学学报:自然科学版,2013,40(2):217-224(Zhou Rongjun,Lai Min,Li Dahu,et al.Strong-Motion Records and Characteristics of Earthquake Damages of MS5.3 Earthquake Occurred in Luhuo,Sichuan,China,on April 10,2011[J].Journal of Chengdu University of Technology:Science and Technology Edition,2013,40(2):217-224)
[15] 2014年11月22日四川省甘孜藏族自治州康定县6.3级地震灾害直接损失评估报告[R].四川省地震局,2011(Assessment Report on Direct Damage of Earthquake Disaster with MS6.3 in Kangding County,Ganzi Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture,Sichuan Province,22 November 2014[R].Sichuan Earthquake Agency,2011)