沧州主城区重点企业大气环境影响研究
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摘要
以在线监测、例行监测、物料衡算和现场调研等为基础,核算沧州市主城区四大重点企业2017年污染排放源强,采用WRFCALPUFF空气质量模型模拟四大重点企业秋冬季(2017年10月—2017年12月)和一次重污染过程的SO_2、NOx、PM10以及PM_(2.5)污染贡献情况。以PM_(2.5)为大气环境质量改善核心进行分析,四大重点企业对控制点秋冬季平均贡献浓度和一次重污染过程最大日均贡献浓度的排序一致,即某化工厂>某炼油厂>某热电厂>某热力厂。其中,秋冬季PM_(2.5)平均贡献浓度分别占年平均标准的0. 63%、0. 57%、0. 20%和0. 03%,一次重污染过程PM_(2.5)最大日均贡献浓度分别占日均标准的1. 27%、1. 15%、0. 40%和0. 05%。采取秋冬季应急减排措施,从计算角度,可优先考虑某炼油厂和某化工厂,某热电厂和某热力厂环境影响较小。
Based on on-line monitoring,routine monitoring data,material balance and on-site investigation in Cangzhou,the pollution emission of four key industries in urban areas was calculated in 2017. WRF-CALPUFF air quality model was used to simulate the contribution of SO_2,NOx,PM10 and PM_(2.5) in autumn and winter( 2017. 10-2017. 12) and a heavily-polluted process. Considering PM_(2.5) as the core of atmospheric environment improvement,the order of average concentration of four key industries in autumn and winter was the same as that the maximum daily average concentration in a heavily-polluted process to control points,a chemical plant > a refinery > a thermal power plant > a heating power plant. The results showed that the average contribution of PM_(2.5) in autumn and winter accounted for0. 63%,0. 57%,0. 20% and 0. 03% of the annual average standard values respectively and the maximum daily average concentration of PM_(2.5) in a heavily-polluted process accounted for 1. 27%,1. 15%,0. 40% and 0. 05% of the daily average standard values respectively.Taking emergency emission reduction measures in autumn and winter,we can give priority to the refinery and the chemical plant. And the thermal power plant and the thermal power plant have less environmental impact.
Based on on-line monitoring,routine monitoring data,material balance and on-site investigation in Cangzhou,the pollution emission of four key industries in urban areas was calculated in 2017. WRF-CALPUFF air quality model was used to simulate the contribution of SO_2,NOx,PM10 and PM_(2.5) in autumn and winter( 2017. 10-2017. 12) and a heavily-polluted process. Considering PM_(2.5) as the core of atmospheric environment improvement,the order of average concentration of four key industries in autumn and winter was the same as that the maximum daily average concentration in a heavily-polluted process to control points,a chemical plant > a refinery > a thermal power plant > a heating power plant. The results showed that the average contribution of PM_(2.5) in autumn and winter accounted for0. 63%,0. 57%,0. 20% and 0. 03% of the annual average standard values respectively and the maximum daily average concentration of PM_(2.5) in a heavily-polluted process accounted for 1. 27%,1. 15%,0. 40% and 0. 05% of the daily average standard values respectively.Taking emergency emission reduction measures in autumn and winter,we can give priority to the refinery and the chemical plant. And the thermal power plant and the thermal power plant have less environmental impact.
引文
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[3]伯鑫,屈加豹,田军,等.全国火电排放清单研究[M].北京:中国环境出版集团,2018.
[4]生态环境部.环境影响评价技术导则大气环境:HJ 2. 2—2018[S].北京:中国环境出版集团,2018.
[5]伯鑫. CALPUFF模型技术方法与应用[M].北京:中国环境出版社,2016.
[6]伯鑫,王刚,田军,等. AERMOD模型地表参数标准化集成系统研究[J].中国环境科学,2015,35(9):2570-2575.
[7]王倩,陈长虹,王红丽,等.上海市秋季大气VOCs对二次有机气溶胶的生成贡献及来源研究[J].环境科学,2013,34(2):424-433.
[8]杜晓惠,徐峻,刘厚凤,等.重污染天气下电力行业排放对京津冀地区PM2. 5的贡献[J].环境科学研究,2016,29(4):475-482.
[9]伯鑫,徐峻,杜晓惠,等.京津冀地区钢铁企业大气污染影响评估[J].中国环境科学,2017,37(5):1684-1692.
[10]吴文景,常兴,邢佳,等.京津冀地区主要排放源减排对PM2. 5污染改善贡献评估[J].环境科学,2017,38(3):867-875.
[11]伯鑫,王刚,温柔,等.京津冀地区火电企业的大气污染影响[J].中国环境科学,2015,35(2):364-373.
[12]环境保护部.环境空气质量标准:GB 3095—2012[S].北京:中国环境出版社,2018.