兴安落叶松林球囊霉素相关土壤蛋白含量对年际间模拟氮沉降的响应
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摘要
球囊霉素相关土壤蛋白(Glomalin-related soil protein,GRSP)的变化情况是评价和指示土壤碳(C)库动态变化的重要指标。了解大气氮(N)沉降增加背景下GRSP的变化机制对于阐明土壤C循环的驱动因素具有重要意义。于2011年5月开始,在大兴安岭进行野外N沉降试验,共设置4个水平N添加处理,分别为对照(Control,0 g·m~(-2)·a~(-1))、低N(LN,2.5 g·m~(-2)·a~(-1))、中N(MN,5 g·m~(-2)·a~(-1))和高N(HN,7.5 g·m~(-2)·a~(-1))处理,探索GRSP对N沉降的影响机制。结果表明,(1)对于易提取球囊霉素(EE-GRSP),所有施N水平都增加了其在土壤中的含量;对于总球囊霉素(T-GRSP),LN和MN表现为显著促进作用(P<0.05),HN表现为抑制作用。(2)T-GRSP与EE-GRSP含量与SOM均表现出显著正相关关系(P<0.05)。施N使GRSO对土壤有机质(SOM)的贡献率增加了0.59%-1.07%。低中水平N沉降(LN和MN)显著促进了土壤有机质(SOM)的积累(P<0.05),高水平N沉降(HN)处理则表现为抑制。此外,大兴安岭兴安落叶松林GRSP对SOM的贡献率相对较低。(3)在气候变化背景下,低中水平N沉降能通过提高GRSP的量促进SOM的累积,而高水平N沉降则通过减少GRSP的量从而降低土壤总SOM。低中水平N沉降可以增加GRSP和SOM含量,进而提高生态系统固C潜力,减缓大气CO_2浓度升高带来的压力。
The changes of glomalin-related soil protein(GRSP) are important indicators for evaluating and indicating the dynamic changes of soil carbon(C) pool. Understanding the GRSP change mechanism under the background of increasing atmospheric nitrogen(N) deposition is of great significance to elucidate the driving factors of soil C cycle. Therefore, this study conducted field control experiments on the experimental sample site located in Greater Khingan Mountains to explore the influence mechanism of GRSP on N deposition. In the test sample, the N addition treatment was started in May 2011, and a total of four levels of N addition treatment were set, which were control(Control, 0 g·am~(-2)·a~(-1)), low N(LN, 2.5 g·m~(-2)·a~(-1)), medium N(MN, 5 g·m~(-2)·a~(-1)) and high N(HN, 7.5 g·m~(-2)·a~(-1)) treatment. The results showed that,(1) Easy extract glomalin(EE-GRSP) increased in soil of all N levels, and total glomalin(T-GRSP) in LN and MN treatment was significantly promoted(P<0.05), but it showed inhibition in HN treatment.(2)There was a significant positive correlation between the contents of T-GRSP and EE-GRSP and soil organic matter(SOM)(P<0.05).The contribution rate of GRSO to SOM increased by 0.59%-1.07% with N application. Low and medium level N deposition(LN and MN) significantly promoted the accumulation of SOM(P<0.05), while high level N deposition(HN) was inhibited. In addition, the contribution rate of GRSP to SOM of deciduous pine forest in Greater Khingan Mountains was relatively low. And(3) in the context of climate change, low and medium level N deposition could increase the accumulation of SOM by increasing the amount of GRSP,while high level N deposition could reduce the total SOM of soil by reducing the amount of GRSP. This indicates that the low and medium level N deposition can increase GRSP and SOM content, thereby improving the potential of solid C in the ecosystem and alleviating the pressure caused by the increase of atmospheric CO_2 concentration.
The changes of glomalin-related soil protein(GRSP) are important indicators for evaluating and indicating the dynamic changes of soil carbon(C) pool. Understanding the GRSP change mechanism under the background of increasing atmospheric nitrogen(N) deposition is of great significance to elucidate the driving factors of soil C cycle. Therefore, this study conducted field control experiments on the experimental sample site located in Greater Khingan Mountains to explore the influence mechanism of GRSP on N deposition. In the test sample, the N addition treatment was started in May 2011, and a total of four levels of N addition treatment were set, which were control(Control, 0 g·am~(-2)·a~(-1)), low N(LN, 2.5 g·m~(-2)·a~(-1)), medium N(MN, 5 g·m~(-2)·a~(-1)) and high N(HN, 7.5 g·m~(-2)·a~(-1)) treatment. The results showed that,(1) Easy extract glomalin(EE-GRSP) increased in soil of all N levels, and total glomalin(T-GRSP) in LN and MN treatment was significantly promoted(P<0.05), but it showed inhibition in HN treatment.(2)There was a significant positive correlation between the contents of T-GRSP and EE-GRSP and soil organic matter(SOM)(P<0.05).The contribution rate of GRSO to SOM increased by 0.59%-1.07% with N application. Low and medium level N deposition(LN and MN) significantly promoted the accumulation of SOM(P<0.05), while high level N deposition(HN) was inhibited. In addition, the contribution rate of GRSP to SOM of deciduous pine forest in Greater Khingan Mountains was relatively low. And(3) in the context of climate change, low and medium level N deposition could increase the accumulation of SOM by increasing the amount of GRSP,while high level N deposition could reduce the total SOM of soil by reducing the amount of GRSP. This indicates that the low and medium level N deposition can increase GRSP and SOM content, thereby improving the potential of solid C in the ecosystem and alleviating the pressure caused by the increase of atmospheric CO_2 concentration.
引文
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CHRIS D F,CHRIS D E,NANCY B D,et al.,2017.Long-term nitrogen deposition increases heathland carbon sequestration[J].Science of the Total Environment,592:426-435.
COMIS D,2002.Glomalin:hiding place for a third of the world’s stored soil carbon[J].Agricultural Research,50(9):4-7.
DRIVER J D,HOLBEN W E,RILLING M C,2005.Characterization of glomalin as a hyphal wall component of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi[J].Soil Biology and Biochemistry,37(1):101-106.
EOM A H,HARTNETT D C,WILSOM G W T,1999.The effect of fire,mowing and fertilizer amendment on arbuscular mycorrhizas in tallgrass prairie[J].The American Midland Naturalist,142(1):55-70.
GARCIA M O,OVASAPYAN T,GREAS M,et al.,2008.Mycorrhizal dynamics under elevated CO2 and nitrogen fertilization in a warm temperate forest[J].Plant and Soil,303:301-310.
GRUBER N,GALLOWAY J N,2008.An Earth-system perspective of the global nitrogen cycle[J].Nature,451(7176):293-296.
Hodge A,campbell C D,Fitter AH,2001.Anarbuscular mycarrhizal fungus acceleartes decomposition and acquires nitrogen direct from organic.material[J].Nature,413(6853):297-299.
JAKOBSEN I,POSENDAHI L,1990.Carbon flow into soil and externall hypheae from roots of mycorrhizal cucumber plants[J].New phytologist,115(1):77-83.
JUNPPONEN A,TROWBRIDGE J,MANDYAM K,2005.Nitrogen enrichment causes minimal changes in arbuscular mycorrhizal colonization but shifts community composition-evidence from rDNAdata[J].Biology and Fertility of Soils,41(4):217-224.
LAL R,2005.Forest soils and Carbon sequestration[J].Forest Ecology and Management,220(1-3):242-258.
LIU X J,ZHANG Y,HAN W X,2013.Enhanced nitrogen deposition over China[J].Nature,494(7438):459-462.
LOVELOCK C E,WRIGHT S F,NICHOLS K A,2004.Using glomalin as an indicator for arbuscular mycorrhizal hyphal growth:An example from a tropical rain forest soil[J].Soil Biology&Biochemistry,36(6):1009-1012.
MO J M,ZHANG W,ZHU W X,et al.,2007.Response of soil respiration to simulated N deposition in a disturbed and a rehabilitated tropical forest in southern China[J].Plant and Soil,296(1-2):125-135.
NEWMAN E I,REDDELL P,1987.The distribution of mycorrhizas among families of vascular plants[J].New Phytol,106(4):745-751.
NICHOLS K A,WRIGHT S F,2006.Carbon and nitroge in operationally defined soil organic matter pools[J].Biology and Fertility of Soils,43(2):215-220.
OCHOA-HUESO R M,DELGADO-B A,QUWEIZO A,et al.,2016.Climatic conditions,soil fertility and atmospheric nitrogen deposition largely determine the structure and functioning of microbial communities in biocrust-dominated Mediterranean drylands[J].Plant and Soil,399(1-2):271-282.
PIOTROESKI J,DENICH T,KLIRONOMO J,et al.,2004.The effect of arbuscular mycorrhizas on soil aggregation depend on the inter action between plant and fungal species[J].New phytologist,164(2):365-373.
RILLIG M C,WRIGHT S F,NICHOLS K A,et al.,2001.Large contribution of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi to soil carbon pools in tropical forest soils[J].Plant Soil,233:167-177.
RILLIG M C,2004.Arbuscular mycorrhizae,glomalin,and soil aggregation[J].Canadian Journal of Soil Science,84(4):355-363.
RILLIG M C,MSESTRE F T,LAMIT L J,2003a.Microsite differences in fungal hyphal length,glomalin,and soil aggregate stability in semiarid Mediterranean steppes[J].Soil Biology&Biochemistry,35(9):1257-1260.
RILLIG M C,RAMSEY W,MORRIS S,et al.,2003b.Glomalin,anarbuscular-mycorrhizal fungal soil protein,responds to land-use change[J].Plant Soil,253(2):293-299.
RILLIG M C,WRIGHT S F,NICHOLS K A,et al.,2001.Large contribution of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi to soil carbon pools in tropical forest soils[J].Plant and Soil,233(2):167-177.
SCHLESINGER W H,ANDREWS J A,2000.Soil respiration and the global carbon cycle[J].Biogeochemistry,48(1):7-20.
SCHREINER R P,BETHLENFALVAY G J,1995.Mycorrhizal interactions in sustainable agriculture[J].Critical reviews in biotechnology,15(3-4):271-285.
SECILIA J,BAGYARIA D J,1987.Bacteria and actinomycetes associated with pot cultures of vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizas[J].Canadian Journal Microbiology,33(12):1069-1073.
SINGH A K,RAI A,SINGH N,2016.Effect of long term land use systems on fractions of glomalin and soil organic carbon in the Indo-Gangetic plain[J].Geoderma,277:41-50.
STADDON P L,JAKOBSEN I,BLUM H,2004.Nitrogen input mediates the effect of free air CO2 enrichment on mycorrhizal fungal abundance[J].Global Change Biology,10:1678-1688.
STEINBERG P D,RILLIG M C,2003.Differential decomposition of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal hyphae and glomalin[J].Soil Biology&Biochemistry,35(1):191-194.
TRESEDER K K,ALLEN M F,2000.Mycorrhizal fungi have a potential role in soil carbon storage under elevated CO2 and nitrogen deposition[J].New Phytol,147(1):189-200.
TRESEDER K K,AllEN M F,2002.Direct nitrogen and phosphorus limitation of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi:A model and field test[J].New Phytol,155(3):507-515.
TRESEDER K K,CROSS A,2006.Global distributions of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi[J].Ecosystems,9(2):305-316.
TRESEDER K K,TUMER K M,2007b.Glomalin in Ecosystems[J].Soil Science Society of America Journal,71:1257-1266.
TRESEDER K K,TUMER K M,MACK M C,2007a.Mycorrhizal responses to nitrogen fertilization in boreal ecosystems:potential consequences for soil carbon storage[J].Global Change Biology,13(1):78-88.
WANG H,HALLl C A S,2004.Modeling the effects of Hurricane Hugo on spatial and temporal variation in primary productivity and soil Carbon and Nitrogen in the Luquillo Experimental Forest Puerto Rico[J].Plant and Soil,263(1):69-84.
WANG Q,LU H L,CHEN J Y,et al.,2018.Spatial distribution of glomalin-related soil protein and its relationship with sediment carbon sequestration across a mangrove forest[J].Science of the Total Environment,613-614:548-556.
WANG W J,ZHONG Z L,WANG Q,et al.,2017.Glomalin contributed more to carbon,nutrients in deeper soils,and differently associated with climates and soil properties in vertical profiles[J].Scientific Reports,DOI:10.1038/s41598-017-12731-7.
WRIGHT S F,UPADHAYAY A,1996.Extraction of an abundant and unusual protein from soil and comparison with hyphal protein from arbuscular mycorrhizal fung[J].Soil Science,161(9):575-586.
WRIGHT S F,UPADHYAYA A,1998.Survey of soils for aggregate stability and glomalin,a glycoprotein produced by hyphae of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi[J].Plant and Soil,198(1):97-107.
ZAK D R,FREEDAMN Z B,UPCHURCH R A,et al.,2017.Anthropogenic N deposition increases soil organic matter accumulation without altering its biochemical composition[J].Global change biology,23(2):933-944.
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