Time series analysis of mantle cycles Part Ⅱ:The geologic record in zircons, large igneous provinces and mantle lithosphere
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摘要
Igneous and detrital zircons have six major U/Pb isotopic age peaks in common(2700 Ma,1875 Ma.1045 Ma,625 Ma,265 Ma and 90 Ma).For igneous rocks,each age peak is comprised of subpeaks with distinct geographic distributions and a subpeak age range per age peak ≤100 Myr.There are eight major LIP age peaks(found on≥10 crustal provinces)of which only four are in common to major detrital zircon age peaks(2715 Ma,1875 Ma,825 Ma,90 Ma).Of the whole-rock Re depletion ages,58% have correspo nding detrital zircon age peaks and 55% have corresponding LIP age peaks.Ten age pea ks are fou nd in common to igneous zircon,detrital zircon,LIP,and Re depletion age time series(3225 Ma,2875 Ma,2145 Ma,2085 Ma,1985 Ma,1785 Ma,1455 Ma,1175 Ma,825 Ma,and 90 Ma).and these are very robust peaks on a global scale as recorded in both crustal and mantle rocks.About 50% of the age peaks in each of these time series correspond to predicted peaks in a 94-Myr mantle cycle,including four of the ten peaks in common to all four time series(2875 Ma,1785 Ma,825 Ma and 90 Ma).Age peak widths and subpeak ranges per age peak suggest that mantle events responsible for age peaks are<100 Myr and many<50 Myr in duration.Age peak geographic distributions show three populations(≤1000 Ma,2500-1000 Ma,>2500 Ma),with the number of new provinces in which age peaks are represented decreasing with time within each population.The breaks between the populations(at 2.5 Ga and 1 Ga)fall near the onsets of two transitions in Earth history.The First Transition may represent a change from stagnant-lid tectonics into plate tectonics and the Second Transition,the onset of subduction of continental crust.The major factor controlling geographic distribution of age peaks is the changing locations of orogeny.Before ～2 Ga,age subpeaks and peaks are housed in orogens within or around the edges of crustal provinces,mostly in accretionary orogens.but beginning at 1.9 Ga,collisional orogens become more important.The coincidence in duration between magmatic flare-ups in Phanerozoic arcs and duration of age subpeaks(10-30 Myr)is consiste nt with subpeaks representing periods of enhanced arcrelated magmatism.probably caused by increased subduction flux.The correlation of isotopic age peaks between time series supports a cause and effect relationship between mantle plume activity,continental magma production at convergent margins,and crustal deformation.Correlation of over half of the detrital zircon age peaks(and six of the nine major peaks)with Re depletion age peaks supports an interpretation of the zircon peaks as crustal growth rather than selective preservation peaks.
Igneous and detrital zircons have six major U/Pb isotopic age peaks in common(2700 Ma,1875 Ma.1045 Ma,625 Ma,265 Ma and 90 Ma).For igneous rocks,each age peak is comprised of subpeaks with distinct geographic distributions and a subpeak age range per age peak ≤100 Myr.There are eight major LIP age peaks(found on≥10 crustal provinces)of which only four are in common to major detrital zircon age peaks(2715 Ma,1875 Ma,825 Ma,90 Ma).Of the whole-rock Re depletion ages,58% have correspo nding detrital zircon age peaks and 55% have corresponding LIP age peaks.Ten age pea ks are fou nd in common to igneous zircon,detrital zircon,LIP,and Re depletion age time series(3225 Ma,2875 Ma,2145 Ma,2085 Ma,1985 Ma,1785 Ma,1455 Ma,1175 Ma,825 Ma,and 90 Ma).and these are very robust peaks on a global scale as recorded in both crustal and mantle rocks.About 50% of the age peaks in each of these time series correspond to predicted peaks in a 94-Myr mantle cycle,including four of the ten peaks in common to all four time series(2875 Ma,1785 Ma,825 Ma and 90 Ma).Age peak widths and subpeak ranges per age peak suggest that mantle events responsible for age peaks are<100 Myr and many<50 Myr in duration.Age peak geographic distributions show three populations(≤1000 Ma,2500-1000 Ma,>2500 Ma),with the number of new provinces in which age peaks are represented decreasing with time within each population.The breaks between the populations(at 2.5 Ga and 1 Ga)fall near the onsets of two transitions in Earth history.The First Transition may represent a change from stagnant-lid tectonics into plate tectonics and the Second Transition,the onset of subduction of continental crust.The major factor controlling geographic distribution of age peaks is the changing locations of orogeny.Before ～2 Ga,age subpeaks and peaks are housed in orogens within or around the edges of crustal provinces,mostly in accretionary orogens.but beginning at 1.9 Ga,collisional orogens become more important.The coincidence in duration between magmatic flare-ups in Phanerozoic arcs and duration of age subpeaks(10-30 Myr)is consiste nt with subpeaks representing periods of enhanced arcrelated magmatism.probably caused by increased subduction flux.The correlation of isotopic age peaks between time series supports a cause and effect relationship between mantle plume activity,continental magma production at convergent margins,and crustal deformation.Correlation of over half of the detrital zircon age peaks(and six of the nine major peaks)with Re depletion age peaks supports an interpretation of the zircon peaks as crustal growth rather than selective preservation peaks.
Igneous and detrital zircons have six major U/Pb isotopic age peaks in common(2700 Ma,1875 Ma.1045 Ma,625 Ma,265 Ma and 90 Ma).For igneous rocks,each age peak is comprised of subpeaks with distinct geographic distributions and a subpeak age range per age peak ≤100 Myr.There are eight major LIP age peaks(found on≥10 crustal provinces)of which only four are in common to major detrital zircon age peaks(2715 Ma,1875 Ma,825 Ma,90 Ma).Of the whole-rock Re depletion ages,58% have correspo nding detrital zircon age peaks and 55% have corresponding LIP age peaks.Ten age pea ks are fou nd in common to igneous zircon,detrital zircon,LIP,and Re depletion age time series(3225 Ma,2875 Ma,2145 Ma,2085 Ma,1985 Ma,1785 Ma,1455 Ma,1175 Ma,825 Ma,and 90 Ma).and these are very robust peaks on a global scale as recorded in both crustal and mantle rocks.About 50% of the age peaks in each of these time series correspond to predicted peaks in a 94-Myr mantle cycle,including four of the ten peaks in common to all four time series(2875 Ma,1785 Ma,825 Ma and 90 Ma).Age peak widths and subpeak ranges per age peak suggest that mantle events responsible for age peaks are<100 Myr and many<50 Myr in duration.Age peak geographic distributions show three populations(≤1000 Ma,2500-1000 Ma,>2500 Ma),with the number of new provinces in which age peaks are represented decreasing with time within each population.The breaks between the populations(at 2.5 Ga and 1 Ga)fall near the onsets of two transitions in Earth history.The First Transition may represent a change from stagnant-lid tectonics into plate tectonics and the Second Transition,the onset of subduction of continental crust.The major factor controlling geographic distribution of age peaks is the changing locations of orogeny.Before ～2 Ga,age subpeaks and peaks are housed in orogens within or around the edges of crustal provinces,mostly in accretionary orogens.but beginning at 1.9 Ga,collisional orogens become more important.The coincidence in duration between magmatic flare-ups in Phanerozoic arcs and duration of age subpeaks(10-30 Myr)is consiste nt with subpeaks representing periods of enhanced arcrelated magmatism.probably caused by increased subduction flux.The correlation of isotopic age peaks between time series supports a cause and effect relationship between mantle plume activity,continental magma production at convergent margins,and crustal deformation.Correlation of over half of the detrital zircon age peaks(and six of the nine major peaks)with Re depletion age peaks supports an interpretation of the zircon peaks as crustal growth rather than selective preservation peaks.
引文
Arndt,N.,Davaille,A.,2013.Episodic Earth evolution.Tectonophysics 609,661-674.
Burke,K.,Cannon,J.M.,2014.Plume-plate interaction.Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 51,208-221.
Cande,S.C.,Stegman,D.R.,2011.Indian and African plate motions driven by the push force of the Reunion plume head.Nature 475,47-57.
Cawood,PA,Buchan,C.,2007.Linking accretionary orogenesis with supercontinent assembly.Earth-Science Reviews 82,217-256.
Cawood,P.A.,Hawkesworth.C.J.,Dhuime,B.,2013.The continental record and the generation of continental crust.The Geological Society of America Bulletin 125(1-2),14-32.
Cheng,Q.,2017.Singularity analysis of global zircon U-Pb age series and implication of continental crust evolution.Gondwana Research 51,51-63.
Condie,K.C.,1995.Episodic ages of greenstones:a key to mantle dynamics?Geophysical Research Letters 22(16),2215-2218.
Condie,K.C.,1998.Episodic continental growth and supercontinents:a mantle avalanche connection?Earth and Planetary Science Letters 163(1-4),97-108.
Condie,K.C.,2013.Preservation and recycling of crust during accretionary and collisional phases of proterozoic orogens:a bumpy road from Nuna to Rodinia.Geosciences 3,240-261.201 3.
Condie,K.C.,2018a.A planet in transition:the onset of plate tectonics on Earth between 3 and 2 Ga?Geoscience Frontiers 9,51-60.
Condie,K.C.,2018b.The evolution of plate tectonics on planet Earth:two lithospheric transitions in the last 4 Gyr.In:Abstracts with Programs,vol.50.Geological Society of America.No.6,Paper No.146-4.
Condie,K.C.,Pisarevsky,SA.,Korenaga,J.,Gardoll,S.,2015a.Is the rate of supercontinent assembly changing with time?Precambrian Research 259,278-289.
Condie,K.C.,Davaille,A.,Aster,R.C.,Arndt,N.,2015b.Upstairs-downstairs:supercontinents and large igneous provinces,are they related?International Geology Review 57,1341-1348.
Condie,K.C.,Puetz,S.J.,Davaille,A.,2018.Episodic crustal production before 2.7 Ga.Precambrian Research 312,16-22.
DeCelles,P.G.,Ducea,M.N.,Kapp,P.,Zandt,G.,2009.Cyclicity in Cordilleran orogenic systems.Nature Geoscience 2(4),251-257.
Dijkstra,A.H.,Dale.C.W.,Oberthur,T.,Nowell, G.M.,Pearson.D.G.,2016.Earth and Planetary Science Letters 452,115-122.
Ducea,M.N.,Paterson,S.R.,DeCelles,P.,2015.High-volume magmatic events in subduction systems.Elements 11(2),99-104.
Ernst,R.,Bleeker,W.,2010.Large igneous provinces(LIPs),giant dyke swarms,and mantle plumes:significance for breakup events within Canada and adjacent regions from 2.5 Ga to the Present.Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 47,695-739.
Evans,D.A.D.,2013.Reconstructing pre-Pangean supercontinents.The Geological Society of America Bulletin 125(11-12),1735-1751.
Hawkesworth,C.,Cawood.P.,Kemp.T.,Storey,C.,Dhuime,B.,2009.A matter of preservation.Science 323,49-50.
Heron,P.J.,Lowman,J.P.,2010.Thermal response of the mantle following the formation of a superplate.Geophysical Research Letters 37,L22302.https://doi.org/10.1029/2010GL045136.
Hounslow,M.W.,Domeier.M.,Biggin,A.J.,2018.Subduction flux modulates the geomagnetic polarity reversal rate.Tectonophysics 742-743,34-49.
Li,S.,Chung.S.-L,Wilde.S.A.,Wang.T., Xiao,W.-J.,Guo.Q.-Q.,2016.Linking magmatism with collision in an accretionary orogen.Nature Scientific Reports6,25751.
Li,Z.-X.,Evans,D.A.D.,Halverson,G.P.,2013.Neoproterozoic glaciations in a revised global palaeogeography from the breakup of Rodinia to the assembly of Gondwanaland.Sedimentary Geology 294,219-232.
Martinez Ardila,A.,Paterson,S.R.,Memeti,V.,Parada,MA.,Molina,P.G.,2019.Mantle d riven Cretaceo us flare-ups in Cordilleran arcs.Lithos 326-327,19-27.
Merdith,A.S.,et al.,2017.A full-plate global reconstruction of the Neoproterozoic.Gondwana Research 50,84-134.
Murphy,J.B.,Nance,R.D.,Cawood,P.A.,2008.Contrasting modes of supercontinent formation and the conundrum of Pangea.Gondwana Research 15,408-420.
O'Neill,C.,Lenardic,A.,Condie,K.C.,2013.Earth's punctuated tectonics evolution:cause and effect.Geological Society of London,Special Publication 389,17-40.
Pearson.D.G.,Parman,S.W.,Nowell,G.M.,2007.A link between large mantle melting events and continent growth seen in osmium isotopes.Nature 449,202-205.
Pearson,D.G.,Wittig,N.,2008.Formation of Archean continental lithosphere and its diamonds:the root of the problem.Journal of the Geological Society,London165,895-914.
Pisarevsky,S.A.,Elming,S.-A.,Pesonen,L.J.,Li,Z.-X.,2014.Mesoproterozoic paleogeography:supercontinent and beyond.Precambrian Research 244,207-22 5.
Prokoph,A.,Bilali,H.E.,Ernst,R.,2013.Periodicities in the emplacement of large igneous provinces through the Phanerozoic:relations to ocean chemistry and marine biodiversity evolution.Geosdence Frontiers 4,263-276.
Puetz,S.J.,Condie,K.C.,Pisarevsky,S.,Davaille,A.,Schwarz,C.J.,Ganade,C.E.,2017.Quantifying the evolution of the continental and oceanic crust.Earth-Science Reviews 164,63-83.
Puetz,S.J.,Condie,K.C.,2019.Time series analysis of mantle cycles Part I:periodicities and correlations among seven global isotopic databases.Geoscience Frontiers.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gsf.2019.04.002.
Puetz,S.J.,Ganada.C.E.,Zimmerman,U.,Borchardt,G.,2018.Statistical analyses of global U-Pb database 2017.Geoscience Frontiers 9,121-145.
Stampfli,G.M.,Hochard,C.,Verard,C., Wilhem,C.,vonRaumer,J.,2013.The formation of Pangea.Tectonophysics 593,1-19.
Verard,C.,Hochard,C.,Baumgartner,P.O.,Stampfli,G.M.,Liu,Min,2015.Geodynamic evolution of the Earth over the Phanerozoic:plate tectonic activity and palaeoclimatic indicators.Journal of Palaeogeography 4(2),167-188.
Zhao,G.,Cawood.P.A.,Wilde.S.A.,Sun,M.,2002.Review of global 2.1-1.8 Ga orogens:implications for a pre-Rodinia supercontinent. Earth-Science Reviews59,125-162.
Burke,K.,Cannon,J.M.,2014.Plume-plate interaction.Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 51,208-221.
Cande,S.C.,Stegman,D.R.,2011.Indian and African plate motions driven by the push force of the Reunion plume head.Nature 475,47-57.
Cawood,PA,Buchan,C.,2007.Linking accretionary orogenesis with supercontinent assembly.Earth-Science Reviews 82,217-256.
Cawood,P.A.,Hawkesworth.C.J.,Dhuime,B.,2013.The continental record and the generation of continental crust.The Geological Society of America Bulletin 125(1-2),14-32.
Cheng,Q.,2017.Singularity analysis of global zircon U-Pb age series and implication of continental crust evolution.Gondwana Research 51,51-63.
Condie,K.C.,1995.Episodic ages of greenstones:a key to mantle dynamics?Geophysical Research Letters 22(16),2215-2218.
Condie,K.C.,1998.Episodic continental growth and supercontinents:a mantle avalanche connection?Earth and Planetary Science Letters 163(1-4),97-108.
Condie,K.C.,2013.Preservation and recycling of crust during accretionary and collisional phases of proterozoic orogens:a bumpy road from Nuna to Rodinia.Geosciences 3,240-261.201 3.
Condie,K.C.,2018a.A planet in transition:the onset of plate tectonics on Earth between 3 and 2 Ga?Geoscience Frontiers 9,51-60.
Condie,K.C.,2018b.The evolution of plate tectonics on planet Earth:two lithospheric transitions in the last 4 Gyr.In:Abstracts with Programs,vol.50.Geological Society of America.No.6,Paper No.146-4.
Condie,K.C.,Pisarevsky,SA.,Korenaga,J.,Gardoll,S.,2015a.Is the rate of supercontinent assembly changing with time?Precambrian Research 259,278-289.
Condie,K.C.,Davaille,A.,Aster,R.C.,Arndt,N.,2015b.Upstairs-downstairs:supercontinents and large igneous provinces,are they related?International Geology Review 57,1341-1348.
Condie,K.C.,Puetz,S.J.,Davaille,A.,2018.Episodic crustal production before 2.7 Ga.Precambrian Research 312,16-22.
DeCelles,P.G.,Ducea,M.N.,Kapp,P.,Zandt,G.,2009.Cyclicity in Cordilleran orogenic systems.Nature Geoscience 2(4),251-257.
Dijkstra,A.H.,Dale.C.W.,Oberthur,T.,Nowell, G.M.,Pearson.D.G.,2016.Earth and Planetary Science Letters 452,115-122.
Ducea,M.N.,Paterson,S.R.,DeCelles,P.,2015.High-volume magmatic events in subduction systems.Elements 11(2),99-104.
Ernst,R.,Bleeker,W.,2010.Large igneous provinces(LIPs),giant dyke swarms,and mantle plumes:significance for breakup events within Canada and adjacent regions from 2.5 Ga to the Present.Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 47,695-739.
Evans,D.A.D.,2013.Reconstructing pre-Pangean supercontinents.The Geological Society of America Bulletin 125(11-12),1735-1751.
Hawkesworth,C.,Cawood.P.,Kemp.T.,Storey,C.,Dhuime,B.,2009.A matter of preservation.Science 323,49-50.
Heron,P.J.,Lowman,J.P.,2010.Thermal response of the mantle following the formation of a superplate.Geophysical Research Letters 37,L22302.https://doi.org/10.1029/2010GL045136.
Hounslow,M.W.,Domeier.M.,Biggin,A.J.,2018.Subduction flux modulates the geomagnetic polarity reversal rate.Tectonophysics 742-743,34-49.
Li,S.,Chung.S.-L,Wilde.S.A.,Wang.T., Xiao,W.-J.,Guo.Q.-Q.,2016.Linking magmatism with collision in an accretionary orogen.Nature Scientific Reports6,25751.
Li,Z.-X.,Evans,D.A.D.,Halverson,G.P.,2013.Neoproterozoic glaciations in a revised global palaeogeography from the breakup of Rodinia to the assembly of Gondwanaland.Sedimentary Geology 294,219-232.
Martinez Ardila,A.,Paterson,S.R.,Memeti,V.,Parada,MA.,Molina,P.G.,2019.Mantle d riven Cretaceo us flare-ups in Cordilleran arcs.Lithos 326-327,19-27.
Merdith,A.S.,et al.,2017.A full-plate global reconstruction of the Neoproterozoic.Gondwana Research 50,84-134.
Murphy,J.B.,Nance,R.D.,Cawood,P.A.,2008.Contrasting modes of supercontinent formation and the conundrum of Pangea.Gondwana Research 15,408-420.
O'Neill,C.,Lenardic,A.,Condie,K.C.,2013.Earth's punctuated tectonics evolution:cause and effect.Geological Society of London,Special Publication 389,17-40.
Pearson.D.G.,Parman,S.W.,Nowell,G.M.,2007.A link between large mantle melting events and continent growth seen in osmium isotopes.Nature 449,202-205.
Pearson,D.G.,Wittig,N.,2008.Formation of Archean continental lithosphere and its diamonds:the root of the problem.Journal of the Geological Society,London165,895-914.
Pisarevsky,S.A.,Elming,S.-A.,Pesonen,L.J.,Li,Z.-X.,2014.Mesoproterozoic paleogeography:supercontinent and beyond.Precambrian Research 244,207-22 5.
Prokoph,A.,Bilali,H.E.,Ernst,R.,2013.Periodicities in the emplacement of large igneous provinces through the Phanerozoic:relations to ocean chemistry and marine biodiversity evolution.Geosdence Frontiers 4,263-276.
Puetz,S.J.,Condie,K.C.,Pisarevsky,S.,Davaille,A.,Schwarz,C.J.,Ganade,C.E.,2017.Quantifying the evolution of the continental and oceanic crust.Earth-Science Reviews 164,63-83.
Puetz,S.J.,Condie,K.C.,2019.Time series analysis of mantle cycles Part I:periodicities and correlations among seven global isotopic databases.Geoscience Frontiers.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gsf.2019.04.002.
Puetz,S.J.,Ganada.C.E.,Zimmerman,U.,Borchardt,G.,2018.Statistical analyses of global U-Pb database 2017.Geoscience Frontiers 9,121-145.
Stampfli,G.M.,Hochard,C.,Verard,C., Wilhem,C.,vonRaumer,J.,2013.The formation of Pangea.Tectonophysics 593,1-19.
Verard,C.,Hochard,C.,Baumgartner,P.O.,Stampfli,G.M.,Liu,Min,2015.Geodynamic evolution of the Earth over the Phanerozoic:plate tectonic activity and palaeoclimatic indicators.Journal of Palaeogeography 4(2),167-188.
Zhao,G.,Cawood.P.A.,Wilde.S.A.,Sun,M.,2002.Review of global 2.1-1.8 Ga orogens:implications for a pre-Rodinia supercontinent. Earth-Science Reviews59,125-162.